Q1. What is HTTP ?

Ans :

1- Full form – Hyper Text Markup Language

2- Protocol can be used to transfer and capture the multimedia data on web (WWW) .
3- This Protocol belong to Application Layer of OSI Model
4- Secured Version of HTTP is HTTPS
5- Feature of HTTP :-
a. Connection less
b. Stateless
c. Media Independent
d. Client & Server Architecture

Q2 What is FTP ?

Ans :

1- Full form – File Transfer Protocol

2- This Protocol belongs to Application Layer of OSI Model
3- Work
a. It transfer file from one network or Host to another network or Host
b. It Shield user from the variation in file storage system among host
c. Share information over Internet
d. Efficient way to get geographical dispersed working station in collaborative
environment
4- It contain 2 Connections – Data connection (PORT 20) & Control connection (PORT 21)
5- Connection oriented Protocol
6- It is insecure and it has secured version SFTP= FTP+SSP(Secure Shell Protocol)
7- SSP provide encapsulation Technique and Separate connection between Sender & Receiver
so no chance of eavesdrop or interception by intermediate nodes

Q3. What is SLIP ?

Ans

1- Full form – Serial Line ( Telephone Line) Internet Protocol

2- Works with TCP /IP Connection
3- First Protocol enable dail up modem to connect with ISP ( Internet )
4- It has encapsulation technique that provide basic framing of packets
5- It was introduced by Adam Rick to connect Unix Operating Syatem to Internet
6- It Has lack of Link Testing feature , Multiplexing functionality etc
7- No Dynamic addressing feature as well as address correction and error correction
mechanism are available in SLIP . That’swhy introduced Point to Point Protocol
8- Support RS 232 Standard which facilitates in Communication port for Modem
9- It provides Half Duplex Mode of communication

Q4 What is Point 2 Point Protocol ?

Ans

1- Support RFC 1661 Standard

2- Similar Working as SLIP
 3- This Protocol include in Data Link Layer
4- Works with TCP /IP Connection
5- Protocol enable dail up modem to connect with ISP ( Internet )
6- It is Layered Protocol contain LCP ( Link Control Protocol) – Est , testing & maintain Link
, NCP( Network Protocol – Transport Traffic from Protocol
Suit ( Application to Physical)
& IPCP ( Internet Protocol Control Protocol )
- It transport heavy traffic on PPP
Link
7- Duplex Mode of Communication

Q5 What is SMTP ?

1- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol as Push Protocol

2- It is based on Client and server architecture
3- Work with TCP /IP Connection in Application Layer
4- Protocol used to transfer Mail from Out look ( Mail User Agent ) to Mail Transfer Agent ( in
Local Mail box Server)
5- It is connection oriented protocol
6- It can only send 7 bit Ascii Message
7- With the Help of MIME , SMTP can send Multimedia file
8- Stateless Protocol – User detail ( Cookies) will be deleted after transmission of mail
9- SMTP Client mailbox server use DNS to translate receiver’s email address to IP address

Q6 What is IMAP ?

1- Internet Messaging Access Protocol as pop protocol

2- It work with TCP/IP Connection in application layer
3- It is based on Client and server architecture
4- It is used to fetch email from MDA ( Mail Distribution Agent ) from receiver ‘s mail box server
to receiver’s MUA ( Outlook )
5- It delete mail from mail box server when email get download in User PC
6- It save mailbox’s storage consumption
7- Only single device is allowed to access receiver‘s mail box
8- By using this protocol , User can create , delete , manage folder(label ) in Mail box server .

Q7 What is POP3?

1- Post Office Protocol version 3 as Pop Protocol

2- It work with TCP/IP Connection in application layer
3- It is based on Client and server architecture
4- It is used to fetch email from MDA ( Mail Distribution Agent ) from receiver ‘s mail box server
to receiver’s MUA ( Outlook )
5- It doesnot delete mail from mail box server when email get download in User PC which
serves as backup mail in mailbox server
6- It save mailbox’s storage consumption
7- Multiple devices are allowed to access receiver‘s mail box
Q8 What is H.323 Protocol ?

1- A Protocol is designed to establish , manage and terminate session for transmitting sound
and visual file over network .
2- Unable to create Multimedia Communication session
3- Compatible with PSTN ( Telephone Network)
4- Use binary format to send data
5- Addressing mechanism : Telephone No
6- Not Support Instant Message Service
7- Due to using Monolithic Architecture ( by including all functionality in single program ) make
large & complex program & difficult to execute
8- It is now out of use in video conferencing
9- Uses in ATM , Frame Relay on Ethernet

Q9 . What is SIP ?

1- Full form - Session Initiation Protocol

2- It work with TCP/IP Connection in Application Layer
3- A Protocol is designed to establish , manage and terminate session for creating multimedia
communication over network .
4- Not compatible with PSTN ( Telephone Network)
5- Use ASCII Message Format
6- Addressing Method : URL (SIP) , LINK
7- Support Instant Message Service
8- Follow Modular Architecture ( each functionality has its own program and are linked with
main program) , easily implemented than H.323

Q10. What is IRC ?

Ans

1- Internet relay chat

2- Developed by Jorko Oikannien (1999)
3- It is text based conference protocol connected with many server to provide Instant message
Services to different users ( connected with different servers)
4- It provide unique channel to each group conversation for security concern and maintain
delivery in real time
5- Work as client and server architecture
6- IRC client is used to install for connecting with IRC server .
7- Users have to choose User Id & Channel ( start with # tag : #techguru)

Q11 What is GSM ?

Ans

1- Global system of Mobile communication

2- Introduced by CEPT ( conference of European Post and Telecomm) – 1982
 3- 2G technology , use Wireless Digital Cellular network to communicate to mobile station (
mobile phone)
4- It digitalize ,compress and encrypt voice signal send it to shared link ( Radio link) with its
own time slots
5- It use Narrow Band TDMA Technology for allowing 8 simultaneous calls at same radio
frequency (900 MHz)
6- SIM ( subscriber Identification module – silicon chip capacity 16-64 kb to store user detail
contacts and text messages ) in GSM mobile Phone is required to connect specific service
provider

Q12 Differentiate Ckt , Message and Packet switching ?

Ans

Basics Circuit Switching Message Switching Packet Switching

Connection Connection is created Links are created Links are created

Creation between the source independently one by independently one
and destination by one between the nodes by one between the
establishing a on the way. nodes on the way.
dedicated path
between source and
destination.

Message and There is one big There is one big entire The big message is
Packets entire data stream data stream called a divided into a small
called a message. message. number of packets.

Routing One single dedicated Messages follow the Packets follow the
path exists between independent route to independent path to
the source and reach a destination. hold the destination.
destination.

Addressing Messages need not Messages are Packets are

and be addressed as addressed as addressed, and
sequencing there is one independent routes are sequencing is done
dedicated path. established. as all the packets
follow the
independent route.

Propagation No Yes Yes

Delay

Transmission Low Maximum Maximum

Capacity
Q13 What is CDMA ?

1- Code division multiple access

2- Digital cellular technique that use spread spectrum for maximum channel utilization
3- Different users can send data signal at same frequency and same time on shared media
4- Individual conversation are coded with Pseudocode digital sequence to achieve spread
spectrum

Q13 What is GPRS ?

Ans

1- General Packet Radio Service

2- Data Transfer rate : - 64 to 144 kbps
3- 2.5G Technology
4- Enhanced version of GSM Technology
5- Using GMSK ( Gussian Mininmum Shift Keying ) modulation Technique
6- Provide voice communication and internet access to users
7- Using TDMA Technology to share multiple data signals into single channel ( on same freq)
8- Use Packet & Circuit Switching
9- Replace by EDGE (e)

Q14 What is EDGE ?

Ans

1- Enhanced data rate for GSM evolution

2- Data Transfer rate – 384 to 474 kbps
3- 2.75 G Technology
4- Enhanced version of GPRS
5- Using 8PSK ( Phase Shift Keying ) modulation Technique
6- Provide separate channel for voice communication and higher speed internet access
7- Use Packet & Circuit Switching
8- Replaced by HSPA (H) and HSPA advanced (H+)

Q15 What is WLL ?

1- Use in Geographical Diverse area where telephone network is very less and copper wire is
hard to install
2- Wireless Local LOOP ( Wireless- wireless technology that replace copper wire concept ,
Local loop – Local telephone station )
3- It is an access system that use wireless link to connect subscriber to local telephone line
instead of using copper wire)
4- It provides additional feature fax services , internet access and voice calling through
telephone station
Q16 What is HSPA and HSPA+?

Ans

1- High speed Packet Access : Wireless Broad Band Standard

2- It provide 3G Mobile Broad Band Connection
3- HSPA Technology divided into HSDPA ( High speed downlink packet access – speed 10
Mbps) +HSUPA( High speed Uplink packet access- speed 6 Mbps)
4- Provide High speed internet connection due to
a. Using High Modulation Technique ( 16 QAM quadrature Amplitude Modulation
Tech )
b. Take Short Transmission Time Interval for sending data on Radio link
c. Resource sharing efficiently increased
d. Use of Link Adaption
5- Going on higher Modulation technique (64 QAM) achieve HSPA – Advanced (H+) ( High
speed downlink packet access – speed 84 Mbps) +HSUPA( High speed Uplink packet access-
speed 22 Mbps)

Q17 What is IMS ?

1- IP Multimedia Subsystem
2- Architecture framework for delivering IP multimedia Service
3- Replacing Telephony system
4- protocol that enable to send photo , voice , data ,video between communication device of IP
addressable data network
5- Designed by 3GPP ( 3G Partnership Project ) - 1999
6- LTE ( Long Term Evolution) + IMS -> VOLTE

Q18 What is LTE & Volte ?

1- LTE – Long Term Evolution

2- Use 4G Network
3- Use OFDMA ( Orthogonal Freq, Division multiple Access) Technology
4- Developed by 3GPP ( 3G Partnership Project )
5- Use packet switching for data comm. & radio transmission for voice comm.
6- Download link speed – 100 Mbps , Upload Sped - 50 Mbps
7- Problem –
a. Bad User Experience - Always require transition between two network usage in
mobile (Radio Transmission using ckt switching tech. & data packet transmission
using packet switching Tech ) as needed service ( voice comm . & data comm. ) .
b. Consume more Battery power for transition of usage 2 networks
c. Slow Calling service – due to not having shared path
8- Solution : VOLTE
a. Use voice and data comm on 4G Network using Packet switching technique
b. Solution
 i. Good User Experience - No transition is required due to exist single
switching technique ( packet switching tech ) .
ii. Save more Battery power – due to No transition require
iii. Fast Calling service – having shared path
iv. HD calling – using higher modulation technique enable fast data
transmission rate

Q18 What is Wimax ?

1- World Wide Interoperability microwave access extensibility

2- Support IEEE 802.16 Standard
3- Provide wireless access to broadband connection
4- Range 50 KM , data rate : 72-84 Mbps
5- Use Terrestial MicroWave Technology
6- Security – Multi Level Encryption
7- Use in MAN
8- Required – WIMAX Base station , Wimax Subscriber Unit

Q19 What is WIFI ?

1- Wireless Fidelity
2- Support IEEE 802.11 Standard
3- Facilities Wireless LAN
4- Provide wireless access to broadband connection from wireless Router provided by ISP
(internet service Provider)
5- Range 100 mtr , data rate : 11 Mbps
6- Use Radio Transmission Technology
7- Security – Single Level Encryption ( Username & Password) -. Limited Security
8- Use in LAN

Q20 What is XML ?

1- Extensible Markup Language derived form SGML ( standard Generalized markup language )
2- Used for storing , transmission and processing data on web
3- Used for document containing structured info ( image , word)
4- It is Case Sensitive & Metadata language
5- Tag are user defined and having some rules to specify format and structure of data
presentation

Q21 What is Web Scripting ?

1- Process of embedding set of commands in a web page that make interactive and dynamic in
nature
2- Interpreted based executed on browser or script engine
 3- Types – client end and server end
4- Client end web scripting
a. list of commands included in web page that perform action on client side ( on web
browser)
b. Save server by not transferring load of processing webpage on server
c. Use for – online game , submission of user data from user screen
d. Type of language – VB Script , Java Script , AJAX
5- Server end web scripting
a. list of commands included in web page that perform action on server side and
display results on client side web browser to user
b. Use for – data processing of form , Authentication & authorization checking of user
c. Type of language –Java Server Page , ASP .Net , PHP

Q22 What is DHTML?

1- Dynamic Hyper Text Mark up language

2- Refer to web content that change each time when it is viewed
3- Result of webpage depends on
a. User input
b. Geo Location
c. Time of day
d. User Profile etc
4- DHTML = HTML + Web Scripting ( Clent / Server) + CSS + XML
5- Without sending request to server , it enable to customize web page on user’s information