Trigonometric Functions

EXERCISE 3.1 [PAGE 75]

Exercise 3.1 | Q 1.1 | Page 75

Find the principal solution of the following equation:

cosθ = 1/2
Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 1.2 | Page 75

Find the principal solution of the following equation:

Secθ = 2/ √3
Solution:
Exercise 3.1 | Q 1.3 | Page 75
Find the principal solution of the following equation :
cotθ = √3

Solution:
Exercise 3.1 | Q 1.4 | Page 75
Find the principal solution of the following equation:
cotθ = 0

Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 2.1 | Page 75

Find the principal solution of the following equation:

sin θ = - 1/2
Solution:
Exercise 3.1 | Q 2.2 | Page 75
Find the principal solution of the following equation:
tan θ = – 1

Solution:
Exercise 3.1 | Q 2.3 | Page 75

Find the principal solution of the following equation:

√3cosecθ+ 2 = 0
Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 3.1 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:

sinθ = 1/2.
Solution:
Exercise 3.1 | Q 3.2 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation :

cosθ = √38/2
Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 3.3 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:

tan θ = 1/√3
Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 3.4 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:
cot θ = 0.

Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 4.1 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:
sec θ = √2.

Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 4.2 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:
cosec θ = - √2.
Solution: The general solution of sin θ = sin α is
θ = nπ + (–1)nα, n ∈ Z.
Now,
Cosec θ = - √2

Exercise 3.1 | Q 4.3 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:
tan θ = - 1

Solution:
Exercise 3.1 | Q 5.1 | Page 75
Find the general solution of the following equation:
sin 2θ = 1/2

Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 5.2 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:

tan 2θ/3 = √3.
Solution:
Exercise 3.1 | Q 5.3 | Page 75
Find the general solution of the following equation:
cot 4θ = – 1
Solution: The general solution of tan θ = tan α is
θ = nπ + α, n ∈ Z
Now,
cot 4θ = – 1
∴ tan 4θ = – 1
Exercise 3.1 | Q 6.1 | Page 75
Find the general solution of the following equation:
4cos2θ = 3.

Solution:

Exercise 3.1 | Q 6.2 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:
4sin2θ = 1.

Solution:
Exercise 3.1 | Q 6.3 | Page 75
Find the general solution of the following equation:
cos 4θ = cos 2θ
Solution: The general solution of cos θ = cos α is
θ = 2nπ ± α, n ∈ Z.

∴ the general solution of cos 4θ = cos 2θ is given by

4θ = 2nπ ± 2θ, n ∈ Z

Taking positive sign, we get

4θ = 2nπ + 2θ, n ∈ Z

∴ 2θ = 2nπ, n ∈ Z

∴ θ = nπ, n ∈ Z
Taking negative sign, we get
4θ = 2nπ – 2θ, n ∈ Z

∴ 6θ = 2nπ, n ∈ Z

∴ sin 3θ. sin θ = 0

∴ either sin 3θ = 0 or sin θ = 0
The general solution of sin θ = 0 is θ = nπ, n ∈ Z.
∴ the required general solution is given by
3θ = nπ, n ∈ Z or θ = nπ, n ∈ Z
i.e. θ = nπ/3, n ∈ Z or θ = nπ, n ∈ Z.

Exercise 3.1 | Q 7.1 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:
sin θ = tan θ.

Solution:
∴ sinθ cosθ = sinθ
∴ sinθ cosθ – sinθ = 0
∴ sinθ (cosθ – 1) = 0
∴ either sinθ = 0 or cosθ – 1 = 0
∴ either sinθ = 0 or cosθ = 1
∴ either sinθ = 0 or cosθ = cos0 ...[∵ cos 0 = 1]
The general solution of sin θ = 0 is θ = nπ, n ∈ Z and cosθ = cos α is θ = 2nπ ± α,
where n ∈ Z.
∴ the required general solution is given by
θ = nπ, n ∈ Z or θ = 2nπ ± 0, n ∈ Z
∴ θ = nπ, n ∈ Z or θ = 2nπ, n ∈ Z.

Exercise 3.1 | Q 7.2 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:
tan3θ = 3 tanθ.

Solution: tan3θ = 3tanθ

∴ tan3θ - 3tanθ = 0
∴ tanθ (tan2θ - 3) = 0
∴ either tanθ = 0 or tan2θ - 3 = 0
∴ either tanθ = 0 or tan2θ = 3
∴ either tanθ = 0 or tan2θ = (√3)2

Exercise 3.1 | Q 7.3 | Page 75

Find the general solution of the following equation:
cos θ + sin θ = 1.

Solution:
The general solution of sin θ = 0 is θ = nπ, n ∈ Z and tan θ = tan α is θ = nπ + α, n ∈ Z.
∴ the required general solution is

Exercise 3.1 | Q 8.1 | Page 75

State whether the following equation have solution or not?
cos 2θ = – 1
Solution: cos 2θ = – 1
Since – 1 ≤ cosθ ≤ 1 for any θ,
cos 2θ = – 1 has solution.

Exercise 3.1 | Q 8.2 | Page 75

State whether the following equation has a solution or not?
cos2θ = – 1.

Solution: cos2θ = – 1
This is not possible because cos2θ ≥ 0 for any θ.
∴ cos2θ = – 1 does not have any solution.

Exercise 3.1 | Q 8.3 | Page 75

State whether the following equation has a solution or not?
2sinθ = 3
Solution: 2sinθ = 3
∴ sinθ = 3/2
This is not possible because – 1 ≤ sinθ ≤1 for any θ.
∴ 2 sinθ = 3 does not have any solution.

Exercise 3.1 | Q 8.4 | Page 75

State whether the following equation have solution or not?
3 tanθ = 5

Solution: 3 tanθ = 5
∴ tanθ = 5/3
This is possible because tanθ is any real number.
∴ 3 tanθ = 5 has solution.

EXERCISE 3.2 [PAGE 88]

Exercise 3.2 | Q 1.1 | Page 88

Find the Cartesian co-ordinates of the point whose polar co-ordinates are :
Solution:

Exercise 3.2 | Q 1.2 | Page 88

Find the Cartesian co-ordinates of the point whose polar co-ordinates are :
(4, π/2)
Solution:
The cartesian coordinates of the given point are (0, 4).
Solution is not available.

Exercise 3.2 | Q 1.3 | Page 88

Find the Cartesian co-ordinates of the point whose polar co-ordinates are:

Solution:
Exercise 3.2 | Q 1.4 | Page 88

Find the Cartesian co-ordinates of the point whose polar co-ordinates are:

Solution:
Exercise 3.2 | Q 2.1 | Page 88

Find the polar co-ordinates of the point whose Cartesian co-ordinates are.
(√2, √2)
Solution:

Exercise 3.2 | Q 2.2 | Page 88

Find the polar co-ordinates of the point whose Cartesian co-ordinates are.
Solution: Here x = 0 and y = 2
∴ the point lies on the positive side of Y-axis.
Let the polar coordinates be (r, θ)
Then, r2 = x2 + y2

Exercise 3.2 | Q 2.3 | Page 88

Find the polar co-ordinates of the point whose Cartesian co-ordinates are.
(1, - √3)
Solution: Here x = 1 and y = - √3
∴ the point lies in the fourth quadrant.
Let the polar coordinates be (r, θ).
Then r2 = x2 + y2 = (1)2 + (- √3)2 = 1 + 3 = 4
∴r=2 ...[ ∵ r > 0]

Exercise 3.2 | Q 2.4 | Page 88

Find the polar co-ordinates of the point whose Cartesian co-ordinates are.

Solution: The polar coordinates of the given point are (3, π/3).
Solution is not available.

Exercise 3.2 | Q 3 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if ∠A = 45°, ∠B = 60° then find the ratio of its sides.

Solution: By the sine rule,
Exercise 3.2 | Q 4 | Page 88

Solution:
Exercise 3.2 | Q 5 | Page 88

Solution:
Exercise 3.2 | Q 6 | Page 88

In Δ ABC, prove that a3 sin(B – C) + b3sin(C – A) + c3sin(A – B) = 0

Solution: By the sine rule,

Exercise 3.2 | Q 7 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if cot A, cot B, cot C are in A.P. then show that a2, b2, c2 are also in A.P.
Solution:
Exercise 3.2 | Q 8 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if a cos A = b cos B then prove that the triangle is either a right angled or an
isosceles traingle.
Solution: Using the sine rule,
a = k sin A and b = k sin B
∴ a cos A = b cos B gives
k sinA cosA = k sinB cosB
∴ 2sinA cosA = 2sinB cosB
∴ sin 2A = sin 2B
∴ sin2A – sin2B = 0
∴ 2cos(A + B).sin(A – B) = 0
∴ 2cos(π – C).sin(A – B) = 0 ...[∵ A + B + C = π]
∴ - 2cosC. sin(A – B) = 0
∴ cosC = 0 OR sin(A – B) = 0
∴ C = 90° OR A – B = 0
∴ C = 90° OR A = B
∴ the triangle is either rightangled or an isosceles triangle.

Exercise 3.2 | Q 9 | Page 88

With usual notations prove that 2(bc cosA + ac cosB + ab cosC) = a 2 + b2 + c2 .

Solution:

Exercise 3.2 | Q 10.1 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if a = 18, b = 24, c = 30 then find the values of cosA

Solution: Given: a = 18, b = 24 and c = 30
∴ 2s = a + b + c
= 18 + 24 + 30
= 72
∴ s = 36

Exercise 3.2 | Q 10.2 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if a = 18, b = 24, c = 30 then find the values of sin A/2.

Solution: Given: a = 18, b = 24 and c = 30
∴ 2s = a + b + c
= 18 + 24 + 30
= 72
∴ s = 36
Exercise 3.2 | Q 10.3 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if a = 18, b = 24, c = 30 then find the values of cos A/2

Solution: Given: a = 18, b = 24 and c = 30
∴ 2s = a + b + c
= 18 + 24 + 30
= 72
∴ s = 36

Exercise 3.2 | Q 10.4 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if a = 18, b = 24, c = 30 then find the values of tan A/2

Solution: Given : a = 18, b = 24 and c = 30
∴ 2s = a + b + c
= 18 + 24 + 30
= 72
∴ s = 36

Exercise 3.2 | Q 10.5 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if a = 18, b = 24, c = 30 then find the values of A(ΔABC)

Solution:
Exercise 3.2 | Q 10.6 | Page 88

In ΔABC, if a = 18, b = 24, c = 30 then find the values of sinA

Solution: Given : a = 18, b = 24 and c = 30
∴ 2s = a + b + c
= 18 + 24 + 30
= 72
∴ s = 36

Exercise 3.2 | Q 11 | Page 88

In ΔABC prove that (b+c-a)tan A/2=(c+a-b)tan B/2=(a+b-c)tan C/2.

Solution:
Exercise 3.2 | Q 12 | Page 88

Solution:
EXERCISE 3.3 [PAGES 102 - 103]

Exercise 3.3 | Q 1.1 | Page 102

Find the principal value of the following: sin-1(1/2)

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 1.2 | Page 102

Find the principal value of the following: cosec- 1(2)

Solution:

Exercise 3.3 | Q 1.3 | Page 102

Find the principal value of the following: tan-1(– 1)

Solution:

Exercise 3.3 | Q 1.4 | Page 102

Find the principal value of the following: tan- 1( - √3)
Solution:

Exercise 3.3 | Q 1.5 | Page 102

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 1.6 | Page 102

Solution:

Exercise 3.3 | Q 2.1 | Page 102

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 2.2 | Page 102

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 2.3 | Page 102

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 2.4 | Page 103

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 3.1 | Page 103

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 3.2 | Page 103

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 3.3 | Page 103

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 3.4 | Page 103

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 3.5 | Page 103

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 3.6 | Page 103

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 3.7 | Page 103

Solution:
Exercise 3.3 | Q 3.8 | Page 103

Solution:

MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE 3 [PAGES 106 - 108]

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.01 | Page 106

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.02 | Page 106

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.03 | Page 106

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.04 | Page 106

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.05 | Page 106

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.06 | Page 106

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.07 | Page 107

Solution: In Δ ABC if ∠A = 45°, ∠B = 60°, then the ratio of its sides are 2: √6: √3 + 1.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.08 | Page 107

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.09 | Page 107

Select the correct option from the given alternatives:

In ΔABC, ac cos B - bc cos A = _______
1. a2 - b2
2. b2 - c2
3. c2 - a2
4. a2 - b2 - c2
Solution: In ΔABC, ac cos B - bc cos A = a2 - b2.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.1 | Page 107

Select the correct option from the given alternatives:

If in a triangle, the angles are in A.P. and b: c = √3: √2, then A is equal to
1. 30°
2. 60°
3. 75°
4. 45°
Solution: If in a triangle, the angles are in A.P. and b: c = √3: √2, then A is equal to 75°.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.11 | Page 107

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.12 | Page 107

Select the correct option from the given alternatives:

The value of cot (tan-12x + cot-12x) is
1. 0
 2. 2x
3. π + 2x
4. π - 2x
Solution: The value of cot (tan-12x + cot-12x) is 0.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.13 | Page 107

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.14 | Page 107

 1. 63/65
2. 62/65
3. 61/65
4. 60/65
Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.15 | Page 107

Select the correct option from the given alternatives:

If tan-1(2x) + tan-1(3x) = π/4, then x = _____
1. - 1
2. 16
3. 26
4. 32
Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.16 | Page 108

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.17 | Page 108

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.18 | Page 108

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.19 | Page 108

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.2 | Page 108

Select the correct option from the given alternatives:

If tan θ + tan 2θ + tan 3θ = tan θ.tan 2θ. tan 3θ, then the general value of the θ is
1. nπ
2. nπ/6
3. nπ±π/4
4. nπ/2
Solution: If tan θ + tan 2θ + tan 3θ = tan θ.tan 2θ. tan 3θ, then the general value of the
θ is nπ/6

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.21 | Page 108

Select the correct option from the given alternatives:

In any ΔABC, if acos B = bcos A, then the triangle is
1. equilateral triangle
2. isosceles triangle
3. scalene
4. right-angled
Solution: In any ΔABC, if acos B = bcos A, then the triangle is isosceles triangle.
MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE 3 [PAGES 108 - 111]

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.1 | Page 108

Find the principal solutions of the following equation:

sin 2θ = - 1/2
Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.2 | Page 108
Find the principal solutions of the following equation:
tan 3θ = - 1

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 1.3 | Page 108
Find the principal solutions of the following equation:
cot θ = 0

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 2.1 | Page 108

Find the principal solutions of the following equation:

sin 2θ = - 1/√2.
Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 2.2 | Page 108

Find the principal solutions of the following equation:

tan 5θ = -1
Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 2.3 | Page 108

Find the principal solutions of the following equation:
cot 2θ = 0.

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 3.1 | Page 109

State whether the following equation has a solution or not?

cos 2θ = 1/3
Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 3.2 | Page 109
State whether the following equation has a solution or not?
cos2θ = – 1.

Solution: cos2θ = – 1
This is not possible because cos2θ ≥ 0 for any θ.
∴ cos2θ = – 1 does not have any solution.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 3.3 | Page 109

State whether the following equation has a solution or not?
2sinθ = 3
Solution: 2sinθ = 3
∴ sinθ = 3/2
This is not possible because – 1 ≤ sinθ ≤1 for any θ.
∴ 2 sinθ = 3 does not have any solution.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 3.4 | Page 109

State whether the following equation has a solution or not?
3 sin θ = 5.
Solution: ∴ sin θ = 5/3
This is not possible because -1 ≤ sin θ ≤ 1 for any θ.
∴ 3 sin θ = 5 does not have any solution.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 4.1 | Page 109

Find the general solutions of the following equation:

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 4.2 | Page 109

Find the general solutions of the following equation:

tan2θ=3
Solution: The general solution of tan2θ = tan2α is θ = nπ ± α, n ∈ Z.
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 4.3 | Page 109
Find the general solutions of the following equation:
sin θ - cos θ = 1
Solution: sin θ - cos θ = 1
cos θ - sin θ = - 1
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 4.4 | Page 109
Find the general solutions of the following equation:
sin2 θ - cos2 θ = 1
Solution: sin2 θ - cos2 θ = 1
∴ cos2 θ - sin2 θ = - 1
∴ cos2θ = cos π .....(1)
The general solution of cos θ = cos α is
θ = 2nπ ± α, n ∈ Z.
∴ the general solution of (1) is given by
2θ = 2nπ ± π, n ∈ Z.
∴ θ = nπ ± π/2, n ∈ Z

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 5 | Page 109

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 6 | Page 109
Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 7 | Page 109

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 8 | Page 109

In Δ ABC, if cos A = sin B - cos C then show that it is a right-angled triangle.

Solution:

∴A-C=B
∴A=B+C
∴ A + B + C = 180° gives
∴ A + A = 180°
∴ 2A = 180°
∴ A = 90°
∴ Δ ABC is a right angled triangle.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 9 | Page 109

Solution: By sine rule,

∴ sin A . sin (B - C) = sin C. sin (A - B)

∴ sin [π - (B + C)]. sin (B - C)
= sin [π - (A + B)]. sin(A - B) .....[∵ A + B + C = π]
∴ sin (B + C). sin (B - C) = sin (A + B). sin (A - B)
∴ sin2B - sin2C = sin2A - sin2B
∴ 2 sin2B = sin2A + sin2C
∴ 2k2b2 = k2a2 + k2c2
∴ 2b2 = a2 + c2
Hence, a2, b2, c2 are in A.P.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 10 | Page 109

Solve the triangle in which a = (√3+1), b = (√3-1) and ∠C = 60°.

Solution:
∴ sin A = sin 60° cos 45° + cos 60° sin 45° and
sin B = sin 60° cos 45° - cos 60° sin 45°
∴ sin A = sin (60° + 45°) = sin 105°
and sin B = sin (60° - 45°) = sin 15°
∴ A = 105° and B = 15°
Hence, A = 105°, B = 15° and C = √6 units

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 11.1 | Page 109

In any Δ ABC, prove the following:
a sin A - b sin B = c sin (A - B)

Solution:

= k × sin (A + B) × sin (A - B)
= k sin (π - C). sin (A - B) … [∴ A + B + C = π]

= k sin C. sin (A - B)

= c sin (A - B)

= RHS.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 11.2 | Page 109

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 11.3 | Page 109
In any Δ ABC, prove the following:
a2 sin (B - C) = (b2 - c2) sin A.

Solution:

= k2 x sin(B + C) x sin (B - C) x sin A

= k2 . sin (π - A). sin (B - C). sin A ....[∵ A + B + C = π]
= k2. sin A. sin (B - C). sin A
= (k sin A)2. sin(B - C)
= a2 sin (B - C)
= LHS

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 11.4 | Page 109

In any Δ ABC, prove the following:
ac cos B - bc cos A = a2 - b2

Solution: LHS = ac cos B - bc cos A = a2 - b2

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 11.5 | Page 109

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 11.6 | Page 109

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 11.7 | Page 109

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 12 | Page 109

In Δ ABC, if a, b, c are in A.P., then show that cot A/2,cot B/2,cot C/2 are also in A.P.
Solution: a, b, c are in A.P.
∴ 2b = a + c ....(1)
Now,
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 13 | Page 109

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 14 | Page 110

Solution:
∴ sin A cos B = cos A sin B

∴ sin A cos B - cos A sin B = 0

∴ sin (A - B) = 0 = sin 0

∴A-B=0

∴A=B

∴ the triangle is an isosceles triangle.

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 15 | Page 110

In Δ ABC, if sin2 A + sin2 B = sin2 C, then show that the triangle is a right-angled
triangle.
Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 16 | Page 110

In Δ ABC, prove that a2 (cos2 B - cos2 C) + b2 (cos2 C - cos2 A) + c2 (cos2 A - cos2 B) =

0.
Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 17 | Page 110

With the usual notations, show that

(c2 - a2 + b2) tan A = (a2 - b2 + c2) tan B = (b2 - c2 + a2) tan C
Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 18 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 19 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 20 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 21 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 22 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 23 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 24 | Page 110

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 25 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 26 | Page 110

If 2 tan-1(cos x) = tan-1(2 cosec x), then find the value of x.

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 27 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 28 | Page 110

If sin-1(1 - x) - 2 sin-1x = π/2, then find the value of x.

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 29 | Page 110

If tan-12x + tan-13x = π/4, then find the value of x.

Solution:

∴ 5x = 1 - 6x2
∴ 6x2 + 5x - 1 = 0
∴ 6x2 + 6x - x - 1 = 0
∴ 6x(x + 1) - 1(x + 1) = 0
∴ (x + 1)(6x - 1) = 0
∴ x = -1 or x = 1/6
But x > 0 ∴ x ≠ - 1
Hence, x = 1/6

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 30 | Page 110

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 31 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 32 | Page 110

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 33 | Page 111

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 34 | Page 111

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 35.1 | Page 111

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 35.2 | Page 111

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 36 | Page 111

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 37 | Page 111

Solution:

Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 38 | Page 111

Solution:
Miscellaneous exercise 3 | Q 39 | Page 111

If cos-1 x + cos-1y + cos-1z = 3π, then show that x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xyz = 1.

Solution: 0 ≤ cos-1x ≤ π and
cos-1x + cos-1 y + cos-1z = 3π
∴ cos-1x = π, cos-1y = π and cos-1z = π
∴ x = y = z = cos π = - 1
∴ x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xyz
= (- 1)2 + (- 1)2 + (- 1)2 + 2(- 1)(- 1)(- 1)
=1+1+1-2
=3-2
= 1.