Answer Key Booklet

2
 Contents

Answer Key
Unit 1.......................................................................................................... 1
Unit 2.......................................................................................................... 4
Unit 3.......................................................................................................... 7
Unit 4........................................................................................................ 10
Unit 5........................................................................................................ 12
Unit 6........................................................................................................ 15

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 Answer Key

UNIT 1 3. There are 13 supporting sentences. They

are after the first sentence and before the
Paragraph to Short Essay last.
4. And the worst part was that every day I
Part 1: The Paragraph had to walk past the coconut tree and
remember my foolish risk.
Exercise 1 (p. 3) B. Answers will vary.
A. 1. The writer was in the yard of his family’s house.
1. c Whenever I remember my experience 2. He was with his friends.
in the Mexican Air Force, I think of my 3. He fell from the coconut tree and broke
flight instructor because he taught me his arm and one of his ribs.
how to fly a fighter jet. His nickname 4. Answers will vary.
2. b was Ice-Man, because he was always
calm. This was a positive characteristic Exercise 4 (p. 5)
because he had to teach students not to 2. My first driving lesson was a disaster.
3. a panic in a dangerous situation. For 3. The process of getting a driver’s
example, one time, I made a big mistake license has several steps.
while we were flying the clouds. Most 4. My ability to speak English has changed
instructors would take control and fix my life in several important ways.
the situation, but not Ice-Man. He just 5. Some computer games involve the
gave instructions to player in physical activity.
fix the problem. I corrected the mistake 6. Cloudy weather affects certain people in
and negative ways.
got confidence in my abilities. I will
always remember his quiet, clear voice Exercise 5 (p. 6)
and the black aviator glasses that he 2. b 4. c 6. b
wore. He was a special person in my life, 3. c 5. a
and I hope that someday I can see him
again and thank him for helping me to Exercise 6 (p. 6)
realize my dream of flying solo and
becoming a real pilot.
B. 1. The topic sentence is the first sentence Answers will vary for the predictions.
circled 2. Cell phones should not be allowed in
above. Yes, the topic sentence does classrooms for several reasons.
help you understand what the Prediction: The writer will give reasons
paragraph is about. why cell phones should be banned in
2. The supporting sentences are underlined classrooms.
above. There are five. 3. Cancún restaurant has the best seafood
3. Yes, all the supporting sentences relate in town. Prediction: The writer will
to topic sentence. explain why the food at Cancún
4. The concluding sentence is the last restaurant is the best.
sentenced circled above. Yes, the 4. Training for the marathon is a
concluding paragraph makes the complicated process.
paragraph feel finished. Prediction: The writer will explain the
steps in training for a marathon.
Exercise 2 (p. 4) 5. Taking the TOEFL is a hardship for
Answers will vary. many students.
The boy takes a risk trying to climb a Prediction: The writer will express an
coconut tree when he was young, which is opinion about taking the TOEFL.
dangerous.
Exercise 7 (p. 7)
Exercise 3 (p. 4) 2. b 3. a 4. b
A. 1. The topic sentence is the first sentence,
“When I was a boy and first learning
about the world, I took a big risk.”
2. Yes, the first sentence is indented.
Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key
1
Exercise 8 (p. 7) Exercise 4 (p. 11)
Answers will vary.
A. 2. Revised topic sentence: Students eat a I love to watch the pelicans in Galveston. I
lot of fast food for several reasons. usually go in the winter. The weather is not
3. Revised topic sentence: When I want to warm enough for swimming, so I usually do not
be alone to think, I visit a beach near my see many people on the beach. Pelicans are not
house. elegant, but they are interesting to watch. They
4. Revised topic sentence: Teenagers remind me of prehistoric birds from my school
spend too much time shopping. textbook on dinosaurs. (1) I studied dinosaurs
5. Revised topic sentence: Hurricanes a lot when I was young, and I am very fond of
cause much damage to property in then.
Florida every year. The pelicans have large grayish-brown wings
B. 2. Topic: Students eat a lot of fast that bend sharply when they are flying, and their
food Controlling idea: for beaks are long, so their faces look peculiar and
several reasons old. (2) My brother also really likes pelicans.
This paragraph will be about: reasons (or They are also graceful in their own way. A flock
causes) of why people eat a lot of fast food of pelicans will fly along the coastline just
3. Topic: A beach near my house outside the waves, and when they see a good
Controlling idea: I visit the beach when I fishing spot, they stop, then turn and dive
want to be alone straight down into the water. (3) Sometimes
This paragraph will be about: a description there is an oil rig or a cargo ship in the water,
of the beach too. Sometimes several pelicans will fish in the
4. Topic: Many teenagers same spot for a while before moving down the
Controlling idea: spend too much time beach and away from sight.
shopping This paragraph will be about: an Exercise 5 (p. 12)
opinion of why too much shopping is bad
Answers will vary.
for teenagers
1. Team members can have fun. Team
5. Topic: Hurricanes members can enjoy meeting new people.
Controlling idea: hit Florida every 2. I met interesting, new people. My teacher
year This paragraph will be about: taught differently from teachers at my old
the effects of hurricanes in Florida school.
3. Travelers can explore small towns and
Part 2: Unity and Coherence scenic areas. The roads are well
maintained and there are many hotels,
Exercise 1 (p. 9) campgrounds, and restaurants available.
Answers will vary. 4. First, you need to think about what you
The writer’s grandfather’s talent is will need when you arrive at your
astronomy. Her mother’s older brother’s destination. Second, you should pack so
talent is story-telling. Her grandmother’s that when you need a particular item you
talent is painting. can access it easily.

Exercise 2 (p. 10) Exercise 6 (p. 13)

1. My mother grew up in a creative and The writer gives four rules.
interesting family in Nepal. It is the first
sentence. Exercise 7 (p. 13)
2. Answers will vary. Example: The writer’s 1. For people who like to act in the theater,
mother had a fascinating family with many there are several important rules to
artistic talents. remember.
3. The sentence, “After my mother left Nepal, 2. An actor should remain calm, and make up
she studied computer programming in something to say until remembering the
Wisconsin,” is irrelevant. next line.
4. Answers will vary. Example: This 3. The ideas move from less important to
sentence is not about the writer’s more important ideas.
mother’s childhood; nor is
it about her family. Consequently, it Exercise 8 (p. 14)
does not support the topic sentence. a. 10 e. 8 i. 7
b. 1 f. 3 j. 9
Exercise 3 (p. 10) c. 2 g. 6
2. a, b 4. b, c 6. a, b d. 4 h. 5
3. b, c 5. a, c 7. b, c

2 Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

Part 3: From Paragraph to Short Essay D M
5. After you understand the meaning of a word, you
Exercise 1 (p. 16) can practice writing sentences.
The short essay is more interesting because it
has more details. The more the reader learns
about Uncle Patricio, the more real he
becomes in the reader’s mind.

Exercise 2 (p. 17)

Answers will vary.
1. In the short essay introduction there are
details about the members of the
writer’s family. The paragraph only
mentions Patricio.
2. Patricio looks like an interesting, old man
now.
3. There are details about his physical
appearance.
4. Patricio has an interesting life story.
5. There are details about the places he
visited.
6. The concluding paragraph tells more
about the writer’s feelings about
Patricio, why he is
interesting, and hoping to learn about the
tattoo.

Exercise 3 (p. 18)

A. a. A restaurant job is a convenient
choice for a college student for
several reasons.
B. During my childhood in El Salvador, I
learned an important lesson about being
careful.

Part 4: Editing Your Writing

Exercise 1 (p. 21)
1. 1 3. 2 5. 2
2. 2 4. 2 6. 1

Exercise 2 (p. 21)

2. Almost everyone in her neighborhood
speaks her language, so she does not have
to use English.
3. Credit cards are convenient, but they
are also dangerous.
4. I did not have experience, but I tried to get
a job.
5. Every time I travel, either I take a
suitcase or I take a backpack.
6. My lucky number is seven, and my favorite
color is red.

Exercise 3 (p. 22)

M D
2. I guess things have changed since I was
younger.

M D
3. I was sad when I left my country.

D M
4. When I am older, I want to have a big
house with a patio and a swimming pool.
 M D weekends and stay out late (4) , but we have to
6. It is only dangerous when the roads are be at home by 10:00 p.m. While my brother has
wet. more freedom than I do, my sisters have an easier
life. They are twins
D M (5) and they get a lot of attention from our
7. Because the tide went out, the parents. My parents don’t often spend time with
jellyfish were stranded on the me (6) . Instead they spend most of their time
beach. with my sisters. Because I am not the oldest, I
do not have the same power as my brother, but
M D I do not get the extra attention either. As a
8. My country was invaded many result, I think the middle child is not lucky at
times before we formed our current all.
government.

Exercise 4 (p. 23) Part 5: Putting It All Together

2. C 3. I Exercise 1 (p. 24)
I noticed that there was a little dirt 1. Pizza is easy to make if you follow these steps.
on the floor. the The DVD player was
2. If you compare a Mini-Cooper with a
missing ; nothing else was gone.
Volkswagen Bug, you will find several
4. C 5. C 6. I
important differences.
They took statements. later Later
that afternoon they found the robbers 3. There are several ways to reduce stress.
and Rachel’s DVD player. 4. Not getting enough sleep can have
negative effects on a student.
Exercise 5 (p. 23)
5. One of my backpacking trips was almost my last.
I am the middle child in my family (1)
, but I wish I were not sometimes. My 6. A good journalist has to have special
brother and sisters have an talents and skills.
easier life than I do. My older brother is very
responsible. Exercise 2 (p. 24)
(2) He he is like a third parent (3) . My my When I want to eat steak, I go to my
sisters and I have to do what he tells us if favorite restaurant, Saltgrass Steakhouse,
our parents are not home. He also has more because I always
freedom than we do. He can go out on the

Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

3
have a good experience. I love walking through breathe fresh air, and dig our toes into the sand.
the big heavy wooden doors because the spicy In the afternoon, we played in the shade of the
smell of grilled meat makes my mouth water. trees, swam in the river, and dug in the gardens.
The hostess knows my family, and she always The adults watched us from the patio (5) . They
gives us a good seat where we can watch the they could see us and we could see them. This
other customers and enjoy the cowboy home was the center place of my family
decorations on the walls. The service is (6) . I like to think about it when I feel lonely.
friendly and efficient. (1) On the other hand,
the cook is often grumpy. (2) He yells at the
waiters sometimes. The waiters always bring
UNIT 2
crayons and paper for my daughters. I always
order the rib-eye steak because the grilled Descriptive Essays
meat is tender and seasoned with delicious
spices. After dinner, we talk and enjoy the Part 1: Stimulating Ideas
atmosphere.
(3) It is not good to eat there every day because Exercise 3 (p. 28)
the beef has a lot of fat. (4) All red meat has a 1. F 3. F
lot of fat, and it can cause problems such as high 2. F 4. T
cholesterol. (5) I like to eat at Saltgrass
Steakhouse once a month, but I would eat there Exercise 4 (p. 30)
more often if I had the money. It has the best Answers will vary.
steak in the city. 1. He wore old clothes and his skin was
leathery, tanned and windblown.
Exercise 3 (p. 25) 2. Bourdain was probably excited to go out in
b. Zombie tag is easy to play if you follow the the beginning, but later he was hungry. He
steps below. was definitely excited to be the first in his
family to try the oyster.
Exercise 4 (p. 25)
3. Bourdain would describe eating the
1. I oyster, because he was proud to be
My father decided to go to dental school he . the first to try it.
He 4. Bourdain probably meant that he
was at the top of his class. realized after tasting the oyster that
2. I food and adventure together would be
important in his life.
My writing has improved a great deal,
but I still need to work on my grammar.
3. I Part 2: Brainstorming and Outlining
When I am an industrial engineer, I Exercise 2 (p. 32)
want to design kitchen appliances.
Answers will vary.
4. C
A. 1. spicy, salty
5. I
2. smooth, thick
I have never been afraid of snakes. I think
3. pungent, familiar
they are beautiful.
4. colorful, beautiful
6. C
Exercise 3 (p. 33)
Exercise 5 (p. 26)
The writer believes you can get the best pizza
The memory of summer vacations at my at Papa’s in Cabimas, Venezuela.
grandmother’s home in Ayutta, Thailand, always
makes me happy. I loved this house very much Exercise 4 (p. 34)
because it A. 1. c
was a beautiful and spacious place (1) where 2. the second paragraph
all the members of my family could gather to 3. b
spend time together and enjoy nature. The Answers will vary.
house was located on a quiet stretch of river B. 1. I have eaten pizza in many places, and
under a clear blue sky. It was a traditional, none is as good as the pizza of Cabimas.
waterfront, Thai-style home (2) . It it was built 2. sauce oozes, rich melted cheese,
from teak wood. The tall, green trees around crunchy crust, thick tomato sauce,
the house provided shade along the river bank. gooey cheese.
Inside the house, there were many rooms (3) , 3. I enjoy it so much I won’t share it, I feel
so my uncle’s and happy, I am in heaven.
my aunt’s families could all come together at the
same time. When we woke up, we could hear the
sound of singing birds (4) . We children always
rushed outside to
4 Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key
 4. I am convinced that the best pizza in the cages, but one side had a small entrance for the
world is still at Papa’s restaurant a couple crab to go in. There were some small, fragrant
of blocks from the house where I grew up. fish in the trap. The fishy smell made the crabs
hungry, so they crawled into the traps. We
Exercise 5 (p. 35) watched the crabs walk into the traps, and I
Answers will vary. smelled the strong smell of the dark, oily fish.
1. I have eaten pizza in many places, and Overhead, we heard the sounds of seagulls and
none is as good as the pizza of Cabimas. pelicans in the sky. I think the seagulls wanted
2. many varieties of pizza, eat two pizzas to eat the fish, too. Once the traps were full, we
in one night, customers have to wait in took off our shoes and threw them over our
line shoulders so we could walk on the wet sand and
3. The best pizza in the world is at Papa’s feel the water pushing and pulling at the beach.
restaurant. Later, we built a fire and ate boiled crabs on the
beach. We cracked their shells. The meat was
white and pinkish and tender. It tasted sweet
Part 3: Developing Your Ideas and a little salty. We did not want to stop eating
Exercise 1 (p. 37) them. We sat on the sand surrounded by crab
Answers will vary. shells and watched the sun go down into the
ocean.
The writer describes catching and eating
crabs on the beach with his father. From that day on, I knew my father was right.
Food tastes best when it is something that you
Exercise 2 (p. 38) have caught
Answers will vary. or grown yourself. I have eaten crab many
1. The place is very quiet and there are times since then, but it has never tasted as
many crabs walking on the white sand. good as it did that day.
2. The writer feels it was an unforgettable
learning experience. Exercise 4 (p. 40)
3. The writer describes seeing crabs walking Answers will vary.
on the beach and into the traps, and the 2. We quickly returned from the gourmet
sounds of the pelicans and the seagulls. He grocery store.
described the strong smell of the dark, oily 3. I entered the large, spacious apartment.
fish. He describes the sweet, salty taste of 4. My friend slowly cleaned the freshly
the boiled crabs. picked spinach.
4. The writer’s final opinion is that food 5. We put the spinach in a large, iron frying pan.
tastes best when it is something that you
6. Our guests enjoyed the sophisticated dinner.
have caught or grown.

Exercise 3 (p. 39) Exercise 5 (p. 41)

A. 1. The idea was to float the boat over 1. f 3. e 5. d
the fence walls. 2. c 4. b 6. a
2. The boat settled on dry ground.
Exercise 6 (p. 41)
3. We could walk around the park.
Answers will vary.
4. He held an oyster in his rough fist.
1. My best friend drinks coffee like water.
5. I tipped the shell back into my mouth.
2. My place where I grew up looks like paradise.
6. It tasted of the future.
3. My home is like a sanctuary.
B. My father told me that we should always 4. Listening to my favorite music is like
respect nature and learn where our food comes relaxing on a beach.
from. He said that food tasted better when you 5. Coffee is as delicious as chocolate.
got it yourself and ate it in a natural place. To 6. TV is like food.
show me this was true, he took me to the
ocean, where we caught our own delicious
crabs and ate them.
I will always remember the taste of the
crabs we caught that day. The beach was quiet
and still at six o’clock. The tide had just come in,
so there were many crabs walking slowly on the
white sand. We sat a few feet away from my
father’s special crab traps. The traps were made
of bamboo, and they looked like round

Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

5
Part 4: Editing Your Writing white lace tablecloth and
(7) round, huge round platters of food. Then
Exercise 1 (p. 43) everyone
2. Many crabs were walking slowly on the
white sand.
3. The traps looked like round cages.
4. There were some small, fragrant fish in the
trap.
5. The fishy smell made the crabs hungry.
6. I smelled the strong smell of the dark, oily
fish.
7. The meat was white, pinkish, and tender.
8. It tasted sweet.

Exercise 2 (p. 44)

1. The movie was very boring.
2. The audience was very confused by the
story.
3. As a student, I found the class very
interesting.
4. The speaker was very excited by the topic.
5. The children were tired by the game.
6. The new tastes were stimulating to the
chef.

Exercise 3 (p. 45)

A. 1. It was a fantastic, new metal sculpture.
2. They walked down the elegant, old
marble staircase.
3. The museum had beautiful, wooden
entrance doors.
4. There were huge, bright blue lights to
mark the entrance.
5. The food was served in simple, tiny
portions on small, modern dinner plates.
6. The women wore stunning, new velvet
dresses.
Answers will vary.
B. 1. It was a fast racing car.
2. They lived in a large Victorian house.
3. The house was located on a long, winding
street.
4. She enjoyed the interesting foreign movie.

Exercise 4 (p. 46)

I love Saturday night dinner at my family’s
house. We leave at two in the afternoon, and take
the (1) drive long drive to my parents’ house.
They live on a narrow dirt road. In summer we
have to close the windows to the car so that the
dust doesn’t come in. It is a large,
(2) wooden white wooden house, with a (3) red,
old
big, old red door. There is a (4) kitchen
spacious kitchen where everyone helps prepare
the dinner. Everyone in my family gathers for
dinner on Saturday night, all my sisters and
brothers and their children. The thing I love the
most about the house is walking into the dining
room after we finish preparing the dinner. The
(5) old beautiful old table is set with a (6) lace,
sits down in the big, comfortable chairs to Exercise 2 (p. 48)
enjoy the dinner. We talk and eat for 1. The table was long and narrow.
hours and enjoy our family. Everyone
feels happy, relaxed and full. Late at 2. It had tall, straight chairs on each side.
night, we finally say goodbye until the 3. It gave the dining room an elegant feeling.
next Saturday. 4. Small candles decorated each place.
5. In front of each chair was a delicate lace napkin.
Part 5: Putting It All Together 6. Each napkin sat on top of a shiny dinner plate.
Exercise 1 (p. 48) 7. The guests arrived in beautiful clothing
1. On Saturday to the pizza
and full of lively conversation.
we walked in
8. The evening was filledrestaurant
with the warm
Cabimas.
energy of close friends.
2. The pizzas that came out of the
oven looked delicious. Exercise 3 (p. 49)
3. We watched with excitement as the 1. The exciting, enormous wild jungle was
waiter brought the pizza to our filled with life.
table. 2. The huge, ancient stone temples could be
seen for miles.
4. My favorite pizza comes with 3. The tall, rough gray steps led to the top.
sausage and mushrooms on top. 4. A spectacular, vast green view could be
5. The cheese on top of it is hot, and seen in every direction.
the crust crunches in your mouth 5. People marveled at the amazing, ageless
when you bite it. tropical landscape.
6. In their amazement, they forgot their
6. There are four chairs around each
small, shiny modern cameras.
table.

6 Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

Exercise 4 (p. 49) information because we needed to understand
1. I the writer’s actions at the friend’s party.
The thing I like most about visiting my 2. The main event of this story is when the
parents is sleeping in my bed old old bed. writer’s meets the friend’s grandfather and
2. C kisses his hand to show respect. Then, he
3. I stops the little boy who jumped on the
grandfather’s lap.
Sebastian enjoyed the delicious meal
3. The writers learns that good manners
gourmet are not always the same in different
gourmet meal. countries.
4. I B. 1. The hook is two sentences: Where I grew
They painted the house an antique lovely a up, the rules for family life are very
lovely antique grey. strict. I had five brothers and five sisters,
5. C and we spent a lot of time with our
6. I relatives.
2. We learn from the background information
Montreal is a city with a history rich rich
that the writer was taught very specific
history. ways to respect grandparents: My parents
taught us we should respect grandparents
more than anyone in the world because
UNIT 3 grandparents had lived the longest. They
had more knowledge about life, and no
Narrative Essays matter what they said, even if it did not
make sense, they were right. We were
Part 1: Stimulating Ideas taught that to hug or kiss grandparents
Exercise 3 (p. 55) was disrespectful and that we should greet
them by kissing their hand.
1. F 3. F
3. The thesis statement is two sentences: I was
2. T 4. F
young,
Exercise 4 (p. 56) and I thought that everyone lived and
thought just as I did. Well, I soon found out
Answers will vary.
this is not true.
1. Carter needed to protect his legs from the
flies and bees, and also because the poison 4. Answers will vary.
would stick to his legs. 5. Answers will vary.
2. This was not a comfortable job. Besides 6. I explained my customs to her and she
the flies, the bees, and sticky poison, explained hers to me. Finally, I learned
Carter’s pants would not fold at night, and that good manners are not always the
needed to be washed separately. Carter same in different countries.
did not like the job. 7. Answers will vary.
3. This job taught Carter about the
responsibility and value of caring for the
cotton plant, and the difficult work
Part 3: Developing Your Ideas
involved. Exercise 1 (p. 62)
4. Answers will vary based on students’ The scary secret is that the girls did not listen
experiences. to their parents and were robbed when they
went out.

Part 2: Brainstorming and Outlining Exercise 2 (p. 63)

1. Yes, the hook gets the reader’s attention:
Exercise 2 (p. 57)
My sister and I made a dangerous mistake
Answers will vary. one summer.
A. 1. run (around), talk (to), think (about) 2. Thesis: We had already decided to go out
2. excited, tired, happy, nervous and explore this strange and beautiful
city by ourselves.
Exercise 3 (p. 58) The body paragraph will discuss what
The writer kissed the friend’s grandfather’s they saw and did when they explored
hand and then told the little body not to huge the city by themselves.
and kiss the grandfather. The writer felt 3. The events in the body paragraph are
embarrassed because of a cultural that the girls go out and that they are
misunderstanding. robbed. The writer describes the day
very clearly: down a
Exercise 4 (p. 59) narrow street, the sun was setting, the
A. 1. The writer’s family and culture has light was very beautiful, the noises of
strict rules for respecting grandparents. traffic nearby, the quiet little street. The
This is important writer also describes the robber with vivid
detail: he was short, he was wearing a
dark green jacket and sunglasses, we terrible in his breath.
could smell cigarettes and something

Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

7
 4. The outcome was that the girls were very 2. We waited a long time for the bus before
scared, but they also learned something. it arrived. Before it arrived, we waited a
As a result long time for the bus.
of being robbed, the girls learned to obey 3. As soon as they saved enough money, they
their parents and became obedient took a great vacation. They took a great
daughters. vacation as soon as they saved enough
money.
Exercise 3 (p. 64) 4. She thought carefully about which dress
My sister and I made a dangerous mistake to buy before she bought the red one.
one summer. I was thirteen and my sister was Before she bought the red one, she
fourteen, and our parents had taken us to the city thought carefully about which dress to
where they grew up. We felt very grown up as we buy. (She bought the red dress after
rode to the hotel in a taxi. The hotel was very big, thinking carefully about it.)
and it had a blue tile floor. After we unpacked our 5. I listened to the radio while I prepared
suitcases, our parents wanted to go to the dinner. I prepared dinner while I listened
market. My mother told us not to go outside. “We to the radio.
won’t,” my sister promised, but I knew that she 6. She worked very hard for many years,
was lying. We had already decided to go out and then she retired.
explore this strange and beautiful city by 7. I was very surprised when you knocked
ourselves. on my door. When you knocked on my
door, I was surprised.
As soon as my parents were out of sight, we 8. He had a cup of coffee as soon as he got up
got our things and went downstairs. We walked in the morning. As soon as he got up in the
out of the hotel doors and down a narrow morning, he had a cup of coffee.
street. The sun was setting, and the light was
very beautiful. We could hear the noises of Exercise 5 (p. 66)
traffic nearby, but the little street was quiet. Answers will vary.
Suddenly, a man with a gun stepped out from 2. Why were the girls afraid to jump over
a doorway. He said, “Don’t move!” He was the pommel horse? What is a pommel
short, and he was wearing a dark green jacket horse? Why were you tired of waiting?
and sunglasses. Where were you?
He came very close and we could smell 3. What made you finally decide? How
cigarettes and something terrible in his breath. long did it take you to decide? What did
We were terrified and couldn’t say anything. He the other girls think?
said, “Give me your shoes.” So I did. Then he 4. How did you jump over the pommel horse
took my sister’s purse and her gold ring and ran without falling down? Who else was
away. I remember that I fell against my sister. I overjoyed? How difficult was it to jump
heard her take a deep breath; she was shaking. over the pommel horse?
Afterward, we ran back to the hotel, across the 5. Why do you like doing things that are a
blue tile floor and up to our room. little bit hard? What other things that are
a little bit hard have you done? Who else
The man scared us, but he also taught us in your family likes doing things that are
something important. Before this experience, we a little bit hard?
did not always listen to our parents. We now
learned that we should obey them. My sister and
I became obedient daughters, and we enjoyed the Part 4: Editing Your Writing
rest of our vacation. However, we decided not to Exercise 1 (p. 69)
tell our parents about our adventure.
We knew they would punish us even though I will always remember my wedding day. It
we had learned our lesson. This dangerous was beautiful. I woke up and looked outside. The
adventure is still a secret that I share with my sun was shining, and the birds were singing. It
sister. was as if they were talking to me, telling me to
get up. In reality, the circle radio was playing
Exercise 4 (p. 65) and my brothers were arguing in the hallway,
Answers will vary. but it still felt romantic. My dress was hanging
1. We went to the movies after we ate lunch on the closet door. My mother was cooking
at a restaurant. After we ate lunch at a breakfast in the kitchen, and the coffee was
restaurant, we went to the movies. (The brewing.
lunch happened before the movie.) My father was talking on the phone to his
We ate lunch at a restaurant after we brother, and they were discussing who was the
went to the movies. After we went to the better chess player. This was a constant
movies, we ate lunch at a restaurant. argument between the two of them,
(The lunch happened after the movie.)

8 Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

but I knew my father was just trying to distract we (6) jumped were jumping in the car. We
himself because he was feeling nervous. drove to the Jungfrau Mountain so we could
take the tram to the top and enjoy the view. We
Exercise 2 (p. 69) eagerly got on the tram. It began to climb to the
Answers will vary. top of the mountain. However, while
2. When my uncle visited in 2004, I was the tram was climbing, it (7) became becoming
living in California. cloudy. The tram arrived at the top of the
3. Last week was very busy, my roommate mountain, and we got out. We were in the middle
and I had many tests and assignments to of a cloud. I thought it was exciting, but my father
complete. While didn’t. We drove back in silence. Our last day we
I was studying for our tests, my roommate went to the airport and then (8) got were getting
was going to parties with her friends. on the plane. Just as the plane was taking off, the
4. I’m sorry I couldn’t talk last night. sun (9) began was beginning to shine again.
When you called, we were eating
dinner.
5. I’m so tired! Last night, my sister and I Part 5: Putting It All Together
were playing video games until two in Exercise 1 (p. 74)
the morning.
Answers will vary.
6. I didn’t hear the doorbell. The radio was
1. The day of my brother’s birthday was
playing too loudly.
very exciting. First we went to the
Exercise 3 (p. 70) store to buy all the ingredients, and
Answers will vary. then we came home and prepared the
1. It was an ordinary day at school. I was food for the party.
sitting in class and trying to finish my 2. Before we came home and prepared the
homework. The teacher was walking down food for the party, we went to the store
the hallway. I was shaking because I felt to buy all the ingredients.
3. In the beginning, writing was difficult.
nervous. The teacher came
Now it is easier.
into the class and asked for our homework.
4. Writing became easier for him after he
I was expecting to be in trouble. Suddenly,
started doing it more frequently.
the fire alarm went off.
5. When I was a child, I used to think I
2. It was a cold and rainy night. My father
would never learn to play baseball, but
and mother were visiting relatives and
I was wrong. Eventually I became good
away from home. My sister and I were
at it.
staying at home alone. We turned on the
6. When I was a child, I used to think I would
TV, and they were showing horror
never learn how to play baseball.
movies. The wind was blowing and the
7. I never enjoyed eating vegetables
rain was hitting the windows. We were
when I was young. Later on, I started
both feeling scared. And then someone
to like the taste.
knocked at the door.
8. I never enjoyed eating vegetables when I was
Exercise 4 (p. 71) young.
1. S 3. SQ 5. SQ 9. I was afraid of the water until we moved to
2. SQ 4. S 6. I a house near a lake. After that, I learned
how to swim.
10. I wasn’t afraid of the water as soon as I
Exercise 5 (p. 72) learned how to swim.
11. The movie was long and boring.
People go to the mountains on vacation for Sebastian thought it would never
two reasons: to ski and to enjoy the view. My end. Finally it did.
family doesn’t ski but we wanted to enjoy the 12. While Sebastian was watching the long
view! In pictures, the mountains were always and boring movie, he had the feeling
beautiful. The flowers were blooming and the that it would never end.
people were smiling; however, our trip to the
mountains was a disaster. As soon as (1) we Exercise 2 (p. 75)
arrived were arriving at our destination, the sun 1. was walking
disappeared. 2. was looking
It was (2) raining. (3) I We were (4) staying 3. thought
in a friend’s small apartment. My father went 4. imagined
to the window in the living room every day and
checked the sky. Every day it was the same: 5. arrived
rainy and cloudy. One day, while he was 6. noticed
looking at the clouds, a little sun began to 7. was looking for
shine through. (5) As soon as he He saw the 8. heard
sun as soon as
Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key
9
Exercise 3 (p. 76) Exercise 4 (p. 87)
One morning I was (1) waiting wait at the Answers will vary.
bus stop. I was worried about being late for A. 1. No, the writer would not agree with
school, and I was anxiously waiting for the bus someone who said the space program does
to arrive. It was late as usual, and I began to not help ordinary people, because the
think of what I would tell my teacher. There writer believes that the space program
were several people at the bus stop, and some creates a need for technological advances.
of them were complaining. When the bus finally These advances are used in other ways that
came, we all pushed our way on board. Someone help people.
folded his umbrella and sprayed water on me. I 2. Space exploration has produced
(2) was felt upset, but fortunately, I got a place satellite technology and many
next to the window. I had a good view of the advances in computer technology.
sidewalk. People were hurrying along (3) and 3. Space exploration is very complicated and
clutching their umbrellas. Then a boy on difficult, and therefore it results in more
a bike caught my attention. He was riding complex technological advances than
beside the bus and (4) waving wave his arms. I normal industries require.
heard passengers behind me shouting to the bus 4. The writer believes that people do not
driver, but he refused to stop until we reached support space exploration because they
the next bus stop. Still, the boy kept riding. He may think space exploration is an
was (5) carrying carried something over his expensive luxury that takes money away
shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to from other programs, such as health care
the next stop, the boy was (6) ran running up to and education.
the door. I heard an excited conversation. Then B. 1. a
the bus drier stood up and announced, “Did 2. People have walked on the moon, and
anyone lose a briefcase at the last stop?” A robots have traveled to Mars. These
woman at the back of the bus, shouted, “Oh my! exciting events created history, but
It’s mine.” She pushed her way to the front and they are also important because they
gratefully took the briefcase. She thanked the have provided many practical benefits
little boy with enthusiasm. After that, everyone for humans here on earth.
on the bus began talking about what the boy had 3. b
done, and the crowd of strangers suddenly 4. The importance of space programs can be
became friendly. seen in the technology we use every day.
5. Satellite technology allows people to
watch TV shows and listen to radio
UNIT 4 programs from
everywhere on earth. Also, many of the
Opinion Essays advances in computer technology were
first invented to support space exploration.
Part 1: Stimulating Ideas 6. Yes.
7. Yes.
Exercise 3 (p. 82)
8. Answers will vary. Example: Some people
1. T 3. F believe that government money should go
2. T 4. T into health care, education, and other
programs, rather than space exploration.
Exercise 4 (p. 82)
Answers will vary.
Part 3: Developing Your Ideas
Part 2: Brainstorming and Outlining Exercise 1 (p. 89)
The best medicine is antibiotics.
Exercise 1 (p. 84)
Answers will vary. Exercise 2 (p. 90)
1. a
Exercise 2 (p. 85) Hook: Last week, I noticed that my son had
Answers will vary. a bad cold.
1. develop, advance 2. Every day doctors prescribe antibiotics
2. reject, block to help thousands of patients around the
3. persuade, convince world fight infections.
4. create, prove 3. The thesis is I do not like to think about
what might happen if we did not have
Exercise 3 (p. 86) antibiotics. Yes, it does.
Yes, the writer supports space exploration.

10 Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

 The writer shows how dangerous the
world would be without antibiotics.
Part 4: Editing Your Writing
4. Antibiotics are one of the greatest Exercise 1 (p. 96)
medical inventions in human history for 1. A lot of
several reasons. 2. a few
5. The writer gives two main reasons: (1)
3. Several
Infections are frequent. (2) Antibiotics stop
an infection from spreading to others. 4. a few
6. Yes, the author introduces a counter- 5. A lot of
argument: Recently, many people have 6. a little
argued that doctors prescribe antibiotics
too often and that the bacteria that cause Exercise 2 (p. 96)
infections are becoming stronger as a Answers will vary.
result. 3. Some computers have the latest software.
7. a 4. A few schools are now wireless.
5. Most medications have side effects.
Exercise 3 (p. 91)
6. Many New Yorkers love their city.
1. F 3. F 5. O
7. Many Asian countries have hot and
2. O 4. O humid climates.
Exercise 4 (p. 91) 8. Pollution affects almost everything.
Answers will vary. Exercise 3 (p. 98)
2. Athletes know they will be tested for
2. O 4. S 6. S
performance-enhancing drugs, so they
avoid taking them. 3. O 5. O
3. Employers do not always pay a person
Exercise 4 (p. 98)
based on qualifications alone; appearance
may affect how much an employee will Most working people will agree that traffic
receive. congestion creates too much stress. As large
4. Cell phones have become very popular, and cities grow even bigger, there is often so (1)
the industry will continue to be a good much many traffic that people’s productivity is
place to invest money. reduced. There are two good solutions that could
5. Americans could save a great deal of greatly improve traffic conditions in this city.
money if they cooked and ate food at First, high occupancy vehicle lanes (HOV lanes)
home more often. are effective.
6. Pets in the United States are treated very A vehicle can drive in an HOV lane only if the car
well, because pet owners spend a great has at least two passengers. (2) Many Much
deal of money on toys, medical attention, workers must begin at work at 9:00 every day,
and grooming. so it is easy for them to carpool. If four people
ride together, there are three fewer cars on the
Exercise 5 (p. 93)
road. Providing affordable public transportation
2. Train travel may be inexpensive and
is another good solution. (3) Many Much people
relaxing; however, airplanes are a much
like to use public transportation because it is
more important means of transportation
cheap and convenient. However, building an
because they are fast and efficient.
effective public transportation system costs (4) a
3. Most people agree that a traditional
lot of much money.
home- cooked meal is best, but they have
to admit that convenience and low cost is
making fast food more popular with Part 5: Putting It All Together
students.
4. While some people believe that online Exercise 1 (p. 100)
courses will never be as popular as 1. F 3. F 5. O
traditional classrooms; technology, cost, 2. O 4. O 6. F
and convenience are increasing the
demand for online instruction. Exercise 2 (p. 100)
5. Some people criticize credit cards for 1. Even though many people say they enjoy
causing debt; however, it is the visiting bookstores, online shopping for
irresponsibility of consumers, not credit books
cards, that causes credit card debt. is becoming increasingly popular.
6. People often comment that technology 2. Not very many people actually ride in
makes life easier, but in reality, helicopters, so they might not think about
technology only makes it possible for them as important for our society; however,
people to do more work in less time. helicopters are necessary for

Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

11
 many areas of city life, including news went back two times last year for two different
agencies, law enforcement, and emergency wedding celebrations. For an immigrant, going
medicine. back home for
3. The hydrogen-powered car is laughed at by a visit is the best cure for homesickness; (5) in
many people because they think it is not fact in contrast, it sometimes helps them feel
possible to use water as fuel, but hydrogen- better about living in the new country. Although
powered vehicles may help us solve serious many people say that an immigrant’s life is never
environmental and political problems. easy, I am very glad that I live in these days and
4. Day-care centers offer benefits to the not fifty years ago.
children, their parents, and society even
though there will always be people who
disagree with them. UNIT 5
5. Many people consider a new type of rice
as no big deal; however, the development Comparison and Contrast Essays
of rice plants that are strong and resistant
to disease can help prevent starvation in
many countries.
Part 1: Stimulating Ideas
6. Some people say that traveling to other Exercise 3 (p. 108)
countries is a waste of money, but 1. F 3. F
international travel is worth the cost 2. T 4. F
because it is fun and educational.
Exercise 4 (p. 108)
Exercise 3 (p. 101)
Answers will vary.
1. O 3. O 5. S 1. The students at Boulder communicated
2. S 4. S 6. O with their professors in a more informal
manner. The
Exercise 4 (p. 101) professors were more friendly with their
1. A lot students. At Chittagong University, the
2. a few students did not address their professor
3. Some unless he spoke to them first.
4. Many 2. Yunus was very shy around the female
5. Most students at Boulder. Perhaps this was
because there were many fewer female
6. a little
students than male students at
Exercise 5 (p. 102) Chittagong University, and he did not
have much interaction with them.
Immigrants today have an easier life than 3. Female students were separated from
immigrants of the past because communication male students most of the time and did
and travel make it easier for us to stay not or were not allowed to participate in
connected to our countries. Homesickness and some activities such as politics and
culture shock are big problems; (1) for drama. There were many fewer female
example in contrast, many people get very students than male students, and the
depressed if they cannot speak their language or female students were very shy.
communicate with their parents. In the past, 4. The difference between 1965 and the present
people had letters and the telephone, but letters day represents almost two generations, and it
took a long time and the telephone was very would be difficult to find any place in the
expensive, so people had world where the behavior of students today
a long time to wait for communication. (2) In is the same as that of their grandparents’
contrast For example, e-mail allows today’s generation. In many places, a student’s
immigrants to communicate as often as they grandparents would never have gone to a
want for free. E-mail has other advantages too; university at all. However, it is impossible to
for example, I send photographs by e-mail, and generalize a single answer for all cultures of
my friend has a special video camera that she the world.
uses when she talks to her family. She can see
them and they can see her. Another advantage Part 2: Brainstorming and Outlining
for immigrants today is travel. People sometimes
visited their country in the past, but it was a Exercise 1 (p. 110)
long and expensive trip; A. 1. Washington, D.C., and Tokyo
(3) however in fact, traveling overseas is 2. Washington, D.C., is in the United States.
easier nowadays because there are many flights Tokyo is in Japan. Washington, D.C., has
and the tickets are not too expensive. I know large parks. Japan has skyscrapers.
many people who live in the United States, but 3. They are both large capital cities.
they go back to their countries for special B. Answers will vary.
occasions; (4) for example however, my friend
12 Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key
Exercise 2 (p. 111) Exercise 2 (p. 117)
A. Answers will vary. 1. The author compares New York
City and Quetzaltenango,
City Rural Beach Bus
Guatemala.
Area Station 2. When you compare them, they seem like
stimulating stimulatin stimulatin dramatically different places, but they
g g have some things in common, and I love
tedious them both.
3. Each city has a nickname and a “Central
energetic energetic energetic Park,” and many tourists and people
boring boring from other countries. Conversations in
competitive both places are interesting because the
people are so diverse.
peaceful peaceful 4. • Color: Xela is more colorful.
lonely lonely In New York, many people wear
filthy filthy black to be stylish, but in Xela stylish
clothing is the rainbow-colored
overwhelmin overwhelmin clothing of the indigenous people.
g g In Xela, the beautiful green mountains
B. Answers will vary. outside the city are always visible.
• Pace of life: In Xela, the pace of life is
Exercise 3 (p. 112) slower. They say New York never
Willowbrook Mall reminds the writer of sleeps, and it must be true, because I
Moreda Street in Morelia, Mexico. always see people walking and cars on
the streets, even late at night.
Exercise 4 (p. 114) In the evening, my Guatemalan city
A. Answers will vary. definitely sleeps. Some younger people
1. The writer likes to spend Sunday go out dancing and some families take
afternoons outside the house. a walk in the city’s Central Park, but by
2. On Sunday afternoons in Morelia, the ten o’clock the streets are pretty
writer went to Moreda Street. deserted.
3. In Houston, the writer goes to the 5. Answers will vary. Example: The writer
Willowbrook Mall. enjoys both places for different reasons.
4. The writer likes to watch people, have However, he/she
coffee with friends, and relax. also appreciates the similarities between
B. 1. This is a similarities and differences essay. the two places.
2. Thesis: They are very different but also Exercise 3 (p. 118)
similar in some ways, especially on a 1. Unlike lemons, limes are green. OR Unlike
Sunday afternoon. limes, lemons are yellow.
3. For me, Willowbrook Mall has an 2. On the one hand, many families can live in
atmosphere that is like Moreda Street’s. an apartment building. On the other hand,
Similarities: In both places, people gather only one or two families usually live in a
and stroll. house.
4. Despite their similarities, Moreda
3. Unlike a fish, a frog can live in water or on land.
Street and Willowbrook Mall are very
different. 4. A parrot can fly. In contrast, an ostrich cannot.
Differences: The Willowbrook Mall is more 5. Like Rome, Athens is a city rich in
modern than Moreda Street. On Modern history. OR Like Athens, Rome is a city
Street the people and the architecture are rich in history.
more traditional. 6. Mozart composed his first opera at the age of
5. Moreda Street and Willowbrook Mall are 12. Similarly, Mendelssohn composed his
very different in appearance and culture, first masterpiece in his teens. OR
but they are also similar because they are Mendelssohn composed his first
both places where people like to go to masterpiece in his teens. Similarly,
relax on a Sunday afternoon. Mozart composed his first opera at the
age of 12.

Part 3: Developing Your Ideas Exercise 4 (p. 119)

Exercise 1 (p. 116) 1. Like
The author loves both cities. He or she 2. Similarly
doesn’t prefer one over the other. 3. In contrast
4. On the one hand, . . . on the other hand,
Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key
13
Part 4: Editing Your Writing Part 5: Putting It All Together
Exercise 1 (p. 122) Exercise 1 (p. 125)
1. more difficult 1. Unlike vitamin D, vitamin C is water soluble.
2. more challenging 2. I am short. In contrast, my husband is tall.
3. smarter 3. On the one hand, CDs record only sound.
4. more tired On the other hand, DVDs contain sound
5. sleepier and video.
4. A river is long and thin. In contrast, a
6. more energetically
lake is wider, and usually deeper.
Exercise 2 (p. 123) 5. A dog can be a friendly pet. Similarly, a cat
is also friendly.
2. more beautiful than
6. Like a friend, a brother or sister can
3. taller than help you when you have problems.
4. more vigilant than
5. more colorful . . . than Exercise 2 (p. 125)
6. bigger . . . than 1. more difficult
2. prettier
Exercise 3 (p. 123) 3. more exciting
1. more excited 4. faster
2. more enthusiastically 5. better
3. cleaner 6. spicier
4. older
5. taller, shorter Exercise 3 (p. 126)
6. more relaxing 1. more reliable than
2. faster than
Exercise 4 (p. 123) 3. more TV than
Answers will vary. 4. more rapid than
1. taller 5. cheaper than
2. more populous 6. easier than
3. cheaper
4. heavier Exercise 4 (p. 126)
5. larger I like to go on public transportation
6. quieter whenever I can. Of course, private
transportation is (1) more comfortable more
Exercise 5 (p. 124) comfortable than public transportation in
My old home is very different from where I many ways. But I always feel (2) more free freer
live now. My old home was a house, but my when I travel on a bus or a train. I don’t have to
new home is an apartment. My new worry about parking and I can still go wherever I
apartment is (1) more small smaller than my want. Also, taking buses and trains is (3)
old house, but the rooms are interestinger more interesting. You meet more
(2) more large larger. Everyone in my family people and can spend more time enjoying the
feels differently about this. My parents liked my scenery. For me, this is much (4) more relaxing
old house because it was (3) spaciouser more more relaxing than driving my own car. I also
spacious, but I like the apartment because my find that I travel (5) more light lighter when I
room is (4) more big bigger. My brothers don’t don’t have my car, so life is (6) more simpler
like the new apartment so much because they simpler than when I have lots and lots of
have to share a room. My older brother suitcases and things to carry.
is (5) more independent more independent
than my younger brother, and so he wants his
own room. My new apartment is also (6) more
close closer to the bus stop, so it is (7)
convenient more convenient, but it is also
(8) noise noisier.

14 Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

UNIT 6 Exercise 4 (p. 137)
Cause and Effect Essays A. Answers will vary.
1. Answers will vary.
2. College students are hoping that a college
Part 1: Stimulating Ideas degree will help prepare them to get a
Exercise 3 (p. 132) good job with a high salary.
1. F 3. F 3. College students have to pay tuition and
2. T 4. T related fees. They have to buy books,
computers and technology-related
Exercise 4 (p. 132) resources, pens, notebooks, etc.
Answers will vary. 4. The writer admires college students
1. A millionaire might look like an ordinary because they work hard and make
person. This person would probably not sacrifices to reach their future goals.
wear expensive clothes or jewelry because B. 1. a
he or she likes to save money. 2. a, c, d
2. A millionaire probably has a good 3. Two
relationship with his family because he 4. No
does not borrow or lend a lot of money. 5. Topic sentence 1: The first reason college
3. A millionaire probably works hard and students are poor is that they cannot work
efficiently. full-time. Topic sentence 2: A second
4. various reason college students have little money
is that they have other expenses that
working adults do not have.
Part 2 6. Yes
Exercise 1 (p. 134) 7. Yes
A. Answers will vary. 8. b

Causes Event or Situation Exercise 5 (p. 138)

something to A.
celebrate the right a successful party
guests careful Mental Clarity Physical Strength
planning • fast decisions • a strong body
a nice day • cooperation with • no injuries
Causes Event or Situation other players
a good • stress • being fast / agile
appearance management
punctuality a successful job
skills or training B. Answers will vary.
interview
suitable for the job Exercise 6 (p. 139)
friendly
1. physical ability and mental clarity
enthusiastic
2. The writer has listed three causes that
B. Answers will vary. relate to each topic.
3. physical ability
Exercise 2 (p. 135) 4. mental clarity
A. Answers will vary. 5. a
1. comfortable, happy
2. achieve, thrive
3. diligence, industriousness
Part 3: Developing Your Ideas
4. change, improve Exercise 1 (p. 142)
B.Answers will vary. Answer may vary slightly.
A person must be athletically gifted and have
Exercise 3 (p. 136) a strong mind.
1) College students cannot work full-time
because they need to study. 2) College
students have a lot of extra expenses related
to school.

Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

15
Exercise 2 (p. 143) 4. Many people pay bills online so that
1. Underline: At this moment, somewhere in they will save money and time.
the world a young boy is dreaming about 5. Some people carpool to work so that
becoming a famous soccer player. they will save money.
a 6. Many people work very hard so that they
2. Answers will vary. Example: Many young will be successful.
people would like to become famous
professional athletes, but very few can Exercise 3 (p. 149)
reach this goal. 2. If an applicant interviews well, he or she
3. Thesis: The factors that determine if an will receive job offers. OR An applicant
individual can have a successful career in will receive job offers if he or she
professional sports include physical ability interviews well.
and mental clarity. 3. If you exercise regularly, you will be
The thesis statement focuses on causes. healthy in old age. OR You will be healthy
in old age if you exercise regularly.
4. Two: physical ability and mental clarity.
4. If a restaurant serves delicious food, it will
5. Yes be successful. OR A restaurant will be
6. Topic sentence 1: In order to become a successful if it serves delicious food.
professional athlete, a person must be 5. If I work hard, I will be promoted. OR I
athletically gifted. Topic sentence 2: The will be promoted if I work hard.
other factor that contributes to a 6. If parents are good at solving problems,
successful career in sports is a strong they will be successful at raising children.
mind. OR Parents will be successful at raising
7. Body paragraph 1: Athletes need the children if they are good at solving
support of their families. Body paragraph problems.
2: Athletes need the right kind of 7. If she invests money wisely, she will
equipment to perform at their peak. become wealthy. OR She will become
8. Yes wealthy if she invests money wisely.
9. b 8. If students study hard, they will
graduate from college. Students will
Exercise 3 (p. 144) graduate from college if they study hard.
A. 1. a. b. 3 c. 1
2 Exercise 4 (p. 150)
2. a. 3 b. 1 c. 2 Camping is an inexpensive and fun
3. a. 3 b. 1 c. 2 choice for a family vacation. However,
4. a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 camping trips can end in disaster. The first
5. a. 3 b. 2 c. 1 problem is usually a lack of preparation. If
B. Answers will vary. the campers do not make a list (a) ,
they will probably forget something important.
And they (1) are will be sorry if they do not
Part 4: Editing Your Writing have the right equipment. Another problem is
Exercise 1 (p. 147) bad weather. The campers will have to check
Answers will vary. into a motel (b) , if it rains. Camping in the
2. A hardworking student will learn a lot rain is never fun. Finally, insects will (2) to ruin
a vacation easily. Mosquitoes will make an
and get a good grade.
evening meal out of any unprotected camper
3. A dedicated employee will work extra
and then he will (3) be scratching for days
hours and make money for the company.
afterward. In
Then she might get a promotion.
conclusion, wise campers (4) with know how to
4. An overworked and exhausted doctor
prepare so that they will not (5) being be
will not make good decisions.
surprised by these unfortunate causes of
5. An employee who has a lot of personal
disaster.
problems will have trouble doing his or
her job.
6. A person who wants to be a millionaire
will not waste money.

Exercise 2 (p. 148)

2. Students sacrifice many things so that
they will save money for school.
3. Many stores advertise sales so that
they will attract customers.

16 Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

Part 5: Putting It All Together Exercise 5 (p. 154)
Exercise 1 (p. 152) Children who participate in sports will be
1. a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 more successful in their jobs. First of all, team
2. a. 3 b. 2 c. 1 sports require kids to play together with their
3. a. 2 b. 3 c. 1 team. In this way, they will (1) to learn
4. a. 2 b. 1 c. 3 cooperation skills. For example, while playing
soccer a child might realize that a teammate has
Exercise 2 (p. 152) a better chance of scoring a goal. If he (2) will
Answers will vary. pass passes the ball to his teammate, he will not
control it anymore.
1. A person who wants to lose weight will go
However, his teammate will probably score a
on goal. By learning to cooperate on the playing
a diet and exercise regularly. He or she field (3) , the child will one day be (4) a more
will lose weight. efficient employee. In addition, children who play
2. A terrible teacher will not give fair tests. A team sports will (5) learning learn how to be
terrible teacher will not prepare for class. good sports. If the team (6) will lose loses a
3. A careful driver will use the turn signal. A game, the child remembers that it is only a game.
careful driver will not talk on a cell phone Instead of getting upset, he will (7) to try to do
while driving. A careful driver will not get better next time. And when he works for a
into car accidents. company, he will not
4. A vegetarian will not eat meat. A
(8) to get upset if he loses an important client or sale.
vegetarian will eat a lot of fruits,
vegetables, beans, and grains.
5. A dishonest salesperson will not tell the
truth about a product. A dishonest
salesperson will cheat customers.
6. A successful politician will help the
community. A successful politician will get
a lot of votes.

Exercise 3 (p. 153)

1. Many people exercise so that they will be
healthy.
2. Many nurses wear special shoes so that
they will be comfortable.
3. Many immigrants work hard so that they
will be successful in their new country.
4. Many homeowners have alarm systems
so that they will feel safe.
5. Many older people have pets so that they
will not feel lonely.
6. Many schools offer financial aid so that
they will attract new students.

Exercise 4 (p. 153)

1. If a person works as an international pilot,
he will travel to other countries.
2. If you learn another language, you will
feel a sense of accomplishment.
3. If you have good computer skills, you
will be qualified for many good jobs.
4. If a person practices yoga, she will
feel more energetic.
5. If you plan your vacation carefully, you will
have fewer problems during your trip.
6. If a person respects others, she will have
a lot of friends.

Effective Academic Writing 2: Answer Key

17
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