Components of Computer System
1.What is the function of a CPU?
Ans: The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer. It performs
three main functions:
1. Processes instructions from programs and applications.
2. Performs calculations and logical operations.
3. Controls other components, coordinating input, output, and memory
operations.
It ensures the computer runs efficiently by executing tasks step by step.
2. What are the components of a CPU? Explain them briefly.
Ans: The components of a CPU are:
1. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU):
Performs arithmetic operations (e.g., addition, subtraction) and logical
operations (e.g., comparisons).
2. Control Unit (CU):
Directs the flow of data between the CPU, memory, and input/output devices.
It interprets instructions and coordinates tasks.
3. Registers:
Small, high-speed storage units inside the CPU that temporarily hold data,
instructions, or results during processing.
These components work together to process instructions and manage tasks efficiently.
3. What is a register? Name some of them.
Ans: Registers are small, fast storage units inside the CPU used for temporarily
holding data, instructions, or addresses.
Examples: Accumulator (AC), Data Register (DR), Address Register (AR),
Program Counter (PC
4 .What is the difference between RAM and ROM?
Ans: RAM (Random Access Memory): Temporary memory used for storing data
and programs while thzzzzzzzze computer is running. It is volatile (data is lost
when power is off).
• ROM (Read-Only Memory): Permanent memory that contains essential
instructions for starting the computer. It is non-volatile (data is retained even
when power is off).
5.What are the various units of memory?
Ans: Units of memory include:
• Bit: Smallest unit of data.
• Byte (8 bits): Basic unit for measuring data.
• Larger units: Kilobyte (KB), Megabyte (MB), Gigabyte (GB), Terabyte
(TB), Petabyte (PB).
Peripheral Devices
C. Answer the following questions
1. What are peripheral devices? Give some examples.
Ans: Peripheral devices are external devices connected to a computer to perform
specific functions.
Examples:
o Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner
o Output Devices: Printer, Monitor, Speaker
o Storage Devices: USB Flash Drive, External Hard Drive
What is a Scanner? What are its types?
Ans: A scanner is an input device that converts physical documents into digital format.
Types:
o Flatbed Scanner
o Sheetfed Scanner
o Handheld Scanner
o Drum Scanner
2. What do you understand by a Monitor? Define pixels.
A monitor is an output device used to display visual information from the computer.
Pixels: The smallest units of a digital image that combine to form the entire picture on
a screen.
What is HDD? Briefly explain its configuration.
HDD (Hard Disk Drive) is a primary storage device used to store data permanently.
Configuration:
o Consists of rotating magnetic platters to store data.
o Data is read or written using a read/write head.
What are the various units of memory?
Units of memory include:
o Bit: Smallest data unit.
o Byte: 8 bits.
o Higher units: Kilobyte (KB), Megabyte (MB), Gigabyte (GB), Terabyte
(TB), Petabyte (PB).
