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DBMS 14 (SQL)

A function in SQL is a predefined formula that processes input arguments and returns an output. SQL functions are categorized into aggregate functions, such as Count(), Sum(), Avg(), Min(), and Max(), and non-aggregate functions, including character, number, and date functions. Each function has specific syntax for usage in SQL queries.

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12 views9 pages

DBMS 14 (SQL)

A function in SQL is a predefined formula that processes input arguments and returns an output. SQL functions are categorized into aggregate functions, such as Count(), Sum(), Avg(), Min(), and Max(), and non-aggregate functions, including character, number, and date functions. Each function has specific syntax for usage in SQL queries.

Uploaded by

hirshah8523
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SQL FUNCTIONS

What is a function?

• A function is a predefined formula which takes


one or more arguments as input then process
the arguments and returns an output.

Input Function Output


SQL function
2. Non-
1. Aggregate Aggregate
Function
Function

Character
Count() Function

Number
Sum() Function

Date
Avg()
function

Conversion
Max()
Function

General
Min()
Function
SQL function- Aggregate Function

• Count():
– Syntax: select count([*]) from [table_name] where
[condition];

• Sum():
– Syntax: select sum([column_name]) from [table_name];

• Avg():
– Syntax: select avg([column_name]) from [table_name];
SQL function- Aggregate Function

• Min():
– Syntax: select min([column_name]) from
[table_name];

• Max():
– Syntax: select max([column_name]) from
[table_name];
SQL function- Non-Aggregate
Function
• Character Function:
– Case manipulation function:
• Upper:
–Syntax: select upper(column_name) from
table_name)
• Lower:
–Syntax: select upper(column_name) from
table_name)
SQL function- Non-Aggregate
Function
• Character Function:
– String manipulation function:
• Length:
– Syntax: select length(string)
• Concat:
– Syntax: select concat(column_name1,
column_name2) from table_name
• Substr:
– Syntax: select substr([string],[start],[end])
SQL function- Non-Aggregate
Function
• Number Function:
– Round: rounds value to specified decimal places.
• Syntax: select round(decimal value, place)

– Mod: returns remainder of division.


• Syntax: select mod(m,n)
SQL function- Non-Aggregate
Function
• Date Function:
– SYSDATE is a function that returns:
• Date
• Time
– Example:
• Select sysdate() form dual;

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