7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
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10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User
Must Know
Aaron Kili Last Updated: April 23, 2019 Nginx 11 Comments
Nginx (pronounced Engine x) is a free, open-source, high-performance, scalable, reliable,
full-featured and popular HTTP and reverse proxy server, a mail proxy server, and a
generic TCP/UDP proxy server.
Nginx is well known for its simple configuration, and low resource consumption due to its
high performance, it is being used to power several high-traffic sites on the web, such as
GitHub, SoundCloud, Dropbox, Netflix, WordPress and many others.
Read Also: 3 Useful Hacks Every Linux User Must Know
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In this guide, we will explain some
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management commands that, as a developer or system administrator, you should
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at your fingertips. We will show commands for both Systemd and SysVinit.
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
All of these following list of Nginx popular commands must be executed as a root or
sudo user and should work on any modern Linux distribution such as CentOS, RHEL,
Debian, Ubuntu and Fedora.
Install Nginx Server
To install Nginx web server, use your default distribution package manager as shown.
$ sudo yum install epel-release && yum install nginx [On CentOS/RHEL]
$ sudo dnf install nginx [On Debian/Ubunt
$ sudo apt install nginx [On Fedora]
Check Nginx Version
To check the version of Nginx web server installed on your Linux system, run the
following command.
$ nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.12.2
The above command simply displays the version number. If you want to view version and
configure options then use the -V flag as shown.
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Show Nginx, Compiler and Configuration Parameters
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
nginx version: nginx/1.12.2
RedHat
built RHCSA
by gcc and RHCE
4.8.5 Certification
20150623 (Red HatPreparation
4.8.5-16)Guide -
(GCC) Get This Book
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/ng
Check Nginx Configuration Syntax
Before you actually start the Nginx service, you can check whether its configuration
syntax is correct. This is especially useful if you have made changes or added a new
configuration to the existing configuration structure.
To test the Nginx configuration, run the following command.
$ sudo nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
You can test the Nginx configuration, dump it and exit using the -T flag as shown.
$ sudo nginx -T
Show Nginx Configuration Settings
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
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# configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:
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# For more information on configuration, see:
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# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
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# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$requ
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
# Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d direc
# See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
# for more information.
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include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
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server {
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listen 80 default_server;
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listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
....
Start Nginx Service
To start the Nginx service, run the following command. Note that this process may fail if
the configuration syntax is not OK.
$ sudo systemctl start nginx #systemd
OR
$ sudo service nginx start #sysvinit
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
The previous command only starts the service for the meantime, to enable it auto-start
at boot time, run the following command.
$ sudo systemctl enable nginx #systemd
OR
$ sudo service nginx enable #sysv init
Restart Nginx Service
To restart the Nginx service, an action which will stop and then start the service.
$ sudo systemctl restart nginx #systemd
OR
$ sudo service nginx restart #sysv init
View Nginx Service Status
You can check the Nginx service’s status as follows. This command shows the run time
status information about the service.
$ sudo systemctl status nginx #systemd
OR
$ sudo service nginx status #sysvinit
Show Nginx Status Information
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.
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[root@tecmint ~]# systemctl status
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● nginx.service - The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
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Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled;
vend
Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-03-05 05:27:15 EST; 2min 59s
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Main PID: 31515 (nginx)
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─31515 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx
└─31516 nginx: worker process
Mar 05 05:27:15 tecmint.com systemd[1]: Starting The nginx HTTP and rev
Mar 05 05:27:15 tecmint.com nginx[31509]: nginx: the configuration file
Mar 05 05:27:15 tecmint.com nginx[31509]: nginx: configuration file /et
Mar 05 05:27:15 tecmint.com systemd[1]: Failed to read PID from file /r
Mar 05 05:27:15 tecmint.com systemd[1]: Started The nginx HTTP and reve
Reload Nginx Service
To tell Nginx to reload its configuration, use the following command.
$ sudo systemctl reload nginx #systemd
OR
$ sudo service nginx reload #sysvinit
Stop Nginx Service
If you want to stop the Nginx service for once reason or the other, use the following
command.
$ sudo systemctl stop nginx #systemd
OR
$ sudo service nginx stop #sysvinit
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
To get an easy reference guide of all Nginx commands and options, use following
command.
$ systemctl -h nginx
Nginx Help Commands and Options
systemctl [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...
Query or send control commands to the systemd manager.
-h --help Show this help
--version Show package version
--system Connect to system manager
-H --host=[USER@]HOST
Operate on remote host
-M --machine=CONTAINER
Operate on local container
-t --type=TYPE List units of a particular type
--state=STATE List units with particular LOAD or SUB or ACTIVE
-p --property=NAME Show only properties by this name
-a --all Show all loaded units/properties, including dead/
ones. To list all units installed on the system,
the 'list-unit-files' command instead.
-l --full Don't ellipsize unit names on output
-r --recursive Show unit list of host and local containers
--reverse Show reverse dependencies with 'list-dependencies
--job-mode=MODE Specify how to deal with already queued jobs, whe
queueing a new job
--show-types When showing sockets, explicitly show their type
-i --ignore-inhibitors
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
You might also like to read these following Nginx related articles.
The Ultimate Guide to Secure, Harden and Improve Performance of Nginx Web
Server
Amplify – NGINX Monitoring Made Easy
ngxtop – Monitor Nginx Log Files in Real Time in Linux
How to Install Nginx with Virtual Hosts and SSL Certificate
How to Hide Nginx Server Version in Linux
That’s all for now! In this guide, we have explained some of the most commonly used
Nginx service management commands that you should know, including starting,
enabling, restarting and stopping Nginx. If you have any additions or questions to ask,
use the feedback form below.
Nginx Tips
Installation of Ubuntu 19.04 (Disco How to Change User Password in Ubuntu
Dingo) Desktop on UEFI Firmware Systems
If you liked this article, then do subscribe to email alerts for Linux tutorials. If you have
any questions or doubts? do ask for help in the comments section.
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11 thoughts on “10 Most Used Nginx Commands
Every Linux User Must Know”
Tomba
July 28, 2020 at 6:12 pm
$ sudo dnf install nginx [On Debian/Ubuntu]
$ sudo apt install nginx [On Fedora]
Reply
Raghu
January 30, 2020 at 6:38 am
Nice article.
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How did you get your Nginx installed with OpenSSL-fips? Did you specify any
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FLAGS in environment variables?
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
Reply
Aaron Kili
January 30, 2020 at 2:34 pm
@Raghu
The package in the official repositories of most if not all Linux distributions
comes pre-compiled with OpenSSL-fips.
Reply
Dinesh
January 25, 2020 at 10:31 am
I installed nginx on ubuntu 16.04 and configure sites available and sites enabled
but my laravel application is not running to the server name (http://local.test)
which I have provided.
Reply
Aaron Kili
January 27, 2020 at 3:15 pm
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@Dinesh vivo V21 Be The Light at Night
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Have you checked the Nginx error logs? If you are running it locally, you need
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enter an entry in /etc/hosts file. Check out this guide to learn how to use
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
/etc/hosts file for local DNS: https://www.tecmint.com/setup-local-dns-using-
etc-hosts-file-in-linux/
Reply
Skippy
December 17, 2019 at 1:48 am
The very top box (how to install Nginx) has Debian/Ubuntu and Fedora flipped.
Reply
Tiago
September 5, 2019 at 11:19 am
Thanks bro!
I was able to solve, through these tips, error 521 in CloudFlare. The site was
down for 3 days.
Thank you)
Reply
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Lasse vivo Bangladesh
April 23, 2019 at 7:11 pm
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
This whole article has literally nothing to do with nginx, it reads more like a
systemd tutorial.
Reply
Aaron Kili
April 25, 2019 at 10:19 am
@Lasse
You are right, as you can see, we have zeroed down to the Nginx service
management though. Many thanks for the useful feedback.
Reply
Oli
April 23, 2019 at 5:07 pm
This article looks mostly like an introduction to systemd’s systemctl. And the last
command doesn’t even show the “Nginx Command Help”, it’s the help of
systemctl.
Reply
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April 25, 2019 at 10:17 am
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7/20/2021 10 Most Used Nginx Commands Every Linux User Must Know
@Oli
Yes, your concern is true, but these are essentially Nginx service management
systemctl commands. Thanks for the feedback.
Reply
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