Assignment 4
Write a program using pthreads to demonstrate the reader writer synchronization
problem. Implement appropriate synchronization. Show the different results with and
without synchronization
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h> // Required for intptr_t
#define READER_COUNT 5
#define WRITER_COUNT 2
#define READ_TIMES 3
#define WRITE_TIMES 2
int account_balance = 2000;
int active_readers = 0;
pthread_mutex_t lock_access;
sem_t writer_control;
// Reader function (Synchronized)
void* sync_reader(void* arg) {
int id = *(int*)arg;
free(arg); // Free the allocated memory
for (int i = 0; i < READ_TIMES; i++) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&lock_access);
active_readers++;
if (active_readers == 1) {
sem_wait(&writer_control);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock_access);
printf("[SYNC READER-%d] Current Balance: $%d\n", id, account_balance);
printf("---------------------------------------\n");
usleep(400000);
pthread_mutex_lock(&lock_access);
active_readers--;
if (active_readers == 0) {
sem_post(&writer_control);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock_access);
usleep(500000);
}
return NULL;
}
// Writer function (Synchronized)
void* sync_writer(void* arg) {
int id = *(int*)arg;
free(arg); // Free the allocated memory
for (int i = 0; i < WRITE_TIMES; i++) {
sem_wait(&writer_control);
int amount = (id * 25) + 50;
account_balance += amount;
printf("[SYNC WRITER-%d] Updated Balance: $%d (+$%d)\n", id, account_balance,
amount);
printf("---------------------------------------\n");
usleep(900000);
sem_post(&writer_control);
usleep(500000);
}
return NULL;
}
// Reader function (Unsynchronized)
void* unsync_reader(void* arg) {
int id = *(int*)arg;
free(arg); // Free the allocated memory
for (int i = 0; i < READ_TIMES; i++) {
printf("[UNSYNC READER-%d] Balance: $%d\n", id, account_balance);
printf("---------------------------------------\n");
usleep(400000);
}
return NULL;
}
// Writer function (Unsynchronized)
void* unsync_writer(void* arg) {
int id = *(int*)arg;
free(arg); // Free the allocated memory
for (int i = 0; i < WRITE_TIMES; i++) {
int amount = (id * 35) + 40;
account_balance += amount;
printf("[UNSYNC WRITER-%d] Balance Changed: $%d (+$%d)\n", id, account_balance,
amount);
printf("---------------------------------------\n");
usleep(800000);
}
return NULL;
}
// Run synchronized execution
void run_sync() {
pthread_t readers[READER_COUNT], writers[WRITER_COUNT];
pthread_mutex_init(&lock_access, NULL);
sem_init(&writer_control, 0, 1);
for (int i = 0; i < READER_COUNT; i++) {
int* reader_id = malloc(sizeof(int)); // Allocate memory
*reader_id = i + 1;
pthread_create(&readers[i], NULL, sync_reader, reader_id);
}
for (int i = 0; i < WRITER_COUNT; i++) {
int* writer_id = malloc(sizeof(int)); // Allocate memory
*writer_id = i + 1;
pthread_create(&writers[i], NULL, sync_writer, writer_id);
}
for (int i = 0; i < READER_COUNT; i++) {
pthread_join(readers[i], NULL);
}
for (int i = 0; i < WRITER_COUNT; i++) {
pthread_join(writers[i], NULL);
}
pthread_mutex_destroy(&lock_access);
sem_destroy(&writer_control);
}
// Run unsynchronized execution
void run_unsync() {
pthread_t readers[READER_COUNT], writers[WRITER_COUNT];
for (int i = 0; i < READER_COUNT; i++) {
int* reader_id = malloc(sizeof(int)); // Allocate memory
*reader_id = i + 1;
pthread_create(&readers[i], NULL, unsync_reader, reader_id);
}
for (int i = 0; i < WRITER_COUNT; i++) {
int* writer_id = malloc(sizeof(int)); // Allocate memory
*writer_id = i + 1;
pthread_create(&writers[i], NULL, unsync_writer, writer_id);
}
for (int i = 0; i < READER_COUNT; i++) {
pthread_join(readers[i], NULL);
}
for (int i = 0; i < WRITER_COUNT; i++) {
pthread_join(writers[i], NULL);
}
}
int main() {
printf("Choose Mode: 1 Synchronized 2 Unsynchronized\nPlease enter the choice (1/2):
");
int choice;
scanf("%d", &choice);
switch (choice) {
case 1:
printf("\nRunning Synchronized Execution...\n");
run_sync();
printf("\nSynchronized Execution Completed!\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("\nRunning Unsynchronized Execution...\n");
run_unsync();
printf("\nUnsynchronized Execution Completed!\n");
break;
default:
printf("\nInvalid Choice! Please restart the program.\n");
}
return 0;
}
Output:
