1. Write a shell script to print all the prime numbers between M to N (M < N).
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter M : "
read m
echo "Enter N : "
read n
flag_val=0;
for ((i=m; i<=n; i++)); do
if((i==1)); then
echo "1 is not prime nor composite"
continue
fi
#for((j=2; j<i; j++)); do
for((j=2; j*j<=i; j++)); do # To reduce the computation we would check till
sqrt(j)
if((i%j == 0)); then
flag_val=1
break
else
flag_val=0
fi
done
if((flag_val == 1)); then
echo "$i is not prime"
else
echo "$i is prime"
fi
done
2. Write a shell script to reverse a given number and check whether it is a
palindrome.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter the number "
read num
copy_val=$num
rev_val=0
while((copy_val>0)); do
#echo "$copy_val"
mod_val=$((copy_val%10))
rev_val=$((rev_val*10 + mod_val));
copy_val=$((copy_val/10))
done
#echo "rev val is : $rev_val"
if ((rev_val == num)); then
echo "$num is palindrome"
else
echo "$num is not palindrome"
fi
3. Write a shell script to find the sum of digits of a given number using loops
and without using loops.
#!/bin/bash
sum_of_digits(){
local n=$1
if (( n == 0 )); then
echo 0
else
local digit=$(( n % 10))
local rest=$(( n/10 ))
local rec_sum=$(sum_of_digits $rest)
echo $(( digit + rec_sum ))
fi
}
echo "Enter number"
read num
echo "sum of digits without loop is "
sum_of_digits "$num"
copy_val=num
sum=0
while ((copy_val > 0)); do
mod_val=$((copy_val % 10))
sum=$((sum + mod_val))
copy_val=$((copy_val / 10))
done
echo "sum of the digits is $sum"
4. Write a shell script to implement 10 Linux commands using case.
#!/bin/bash
echo "1. List files"
echo "2. Present working directory"
echo "3. OS information "
echo "4. User"
echo "5. Date"
echo "6. Process details"
echo "7. Uptime"
echo "8. Network interfaces"
echo "9. Memory"
echo "10.Who"
read choice
case $choice in
1) ls -la;;
2) pwd;;
3) uname -a;;
4) whoami;;
5) date;;
6) ps aux;;
7) uptime;;
8) ifconfig;;
9) df -h;;
10) who;;
*)echo "Invalid choice"
Esac
5. Write a shell script that displays a list of all the files in the current
directory to which the user has read, write and execute permissions.
#!/bin/bash
echo "list all the files displaying permissions"
echo " "
ls -la | awk '$1 ~ /^-rwx/ {print $9}'
echo " "
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -executable
6. Write a shell script to copy a file within the current directory.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter the source file name"
read src
echo "Enter destination file name"
read des
echo "Enter the content to put in the first file"
read content
echo "$content" > "$src"
cp "$src" "$des"
7. Write a shell script to copy a file between two directories.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter the directory name"
read dir_name
mkdir "$dir_name"
echo "Enter the source file name"
read src
echo "Enter content to enter into the file"
read content
echo "Enter the destination file name"
read des
echo "$content" > "$src"
cp "$src" ./"$dir_name/$des"
8. Write a shell script to create two data files and compare them to display
unique and common entries.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter first file name"
read file_first
echo "Enter second file name"
read file_second
echo "Enter the content for 1st file"
cat > "$file_first"
echo "Enter the content for 2nd file"
cat > "$file_second"
echo -e "\n\n\n"
sort "$file_first" > sorted_first
sort "$file_second" > sorted_second
echo -e "common entries : \n $(comm -12 sorted_first sorted_second)"
echo -e "unique entry in $file_first: \n $(comm -23 sorted_first sorted_second)"
echo -e "unique entry in $file_second:\n $(comm -13 sorted_first
sorted_second)"
rm "$file_first" "$file_second" sorted_first sorted_second
9. Write a shell script to count the number of vowels in a string.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter the string"
read string
vowel_count=$(echo "$string" | grep -o -i "[aeiou]" | wc -l)
echo "number of vowels in $string is : $vowel_count"
10. Write a shell script to convert uppercase characters to lowercase and
vice versa.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter a string"
read string
new_string=$(echo "$string" | tr '[:lower:][:upper:]' '[:upper:][:lower:]')
echo "$new_string"
11. Write a shell script to accept a word and perform pattern matching in a
given file.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter a word to search"
read word
echo "Enter filename"
read file_name
if [[ ! -f "$file_name" ]]; then
echo "no such file"
exit 1
fi
grep --color=always -n "$word" "$file_name"
12. Write a shell script to find the factorial of a number.
#!/bin/bash
factorial(){
if [[ $1 -le 1 ]]; then
echo 1
else
local prev=$(factorial $(( $1 - 1 )))
echo $(( $1 * prev ))
fi
echo "Enter a non negative number: "
read num
if ! [[ "$num" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
echo "invalid output"
exit 1
fi
result=$(factorial $num)
echo "factorial of $num is : $result"
13. Write a menu-driven program to demonstrate the zombie process and
orphan process.
#!/bin/bash
show_menu(){
echo -e "\n------------------------\n"
echo "1. Create zombie process"
echo "2. Create orphan process"
echo "3. exit"
echo -e "\n------------------------\n"
}
create_zombie(){
echo -e "\ncreating zombie process\n"
{
echo "child (PID $$) running"
exit 0
}&
child_pid=$!
echo "Parent (PID $$) sleeping for 10 seconds without waiting for child"
sleep 10
create_orphan(){
echo -e "\n creating orphan process\n"
{
sleep 5
echo "orphan child (PID $$) running with new parent (PID: $(ps -o
ppid= -p $$))"
}&
echo "parent (PID $$) exiting before child finishes"
exit 0
}
while true; do
show_menu
echo "Enter choice"
read choice
case $choice in
1) create_zombie ;;
2) create_orphan ;;
3) echo "Exiting .."; break ;;
*) echo "Invalid choice" ;;
esac
done
