~ Contemporary Issues In India!

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

 What are SDGs?
• The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all United Nations Member States on
September 25, 2015, provides a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the
planet, now and into the future.

• It is made up of a political declaration, 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), 169 targets,

over 230 indicators for measuring progress, and a framework for follow up and review. The 2030
Agenda came into effect on January 1, 2016.

• They recognize that ending poverty and other deprivations must go hand-in-hand with strategies that
improve health and education, reduce inequality, and spur economic growth – all while tackling
climate change and working to preserve our oceans and forests.

• At the Rio +20 Summit in 2012, countries agreed to undertake a synthesis process that would bring
the various streams of sustainable development together into one agenda, which led to the 2015
adoption of “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.”
 AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY
Ensure Access To Affordable, Reliable, Sustainable And
Modern Energy For All.
Despite progress, there are still over 700 million people globally living in the dark and 2.4 billion
cooking with harmful and polluting fuels. Although the use of renewable energy and energy
efficiency have improved, progress is not fast enough to achieve this Sustainable Development
Goal. The war in Ukraine is driving up global energy prices and increasing energy insecurity in
Europe. To respond to the energy crisis, some European countries plan to speed up the
transition to renewables and increase investments in renewables and energy efficiency, while
some other countries plan to bring about a resurgence of coal, putting the green transition at
risk.

TARGETS:

1. ENSURE UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO AFFORDABLE, RELIABLE AND MODERN

ENERGY SERVICES by 2030.

2. INCREASE SUBSTANTIALLY THE SHARE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY in the

global energy mix by 2030.

3. DOUBLE THE GLOBAL RATE OF IMPROVEMENT IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY by

2030.
 CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION
Ensure Availability And Sustainable Management Of Water
And Sanitation For All.
Access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene is the most basic human need for health and
well-being. Billions of people will lack access to these basic services in 2030 unless progress
quadruples. Demand for water is rising owing to rapid population growth, urbanization
and increasing water needs from agriculture, industry, and energy sectors. Decades of
misuse, poor management, over extraction of groundwater and contamination of
freshwater supplies have exacerbated water stress. In addition, countries are facing
growing challenges linked to degraded water-related ecosystems, water scarcity caused by
climate change, underinvestment in water and sanitation and insufficient cooperation on
transboundary waters
TARGETS:

1. ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL AND EQUITABLE ACCESS by 2030 to safe and affordable drinking
water for all

2. ACHIEVE ACCESS TO ADEQUATE AND EQUITABLE SANITATION by 2030 and hygiene

for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls
and those in vulnerable situations

3. IMPROVE WATER QUALITY BY REDUCING POLLUTION, ELIMINATING DUMPING by

2030and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion
of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally.
 QUALITY EDUCATION
Ensure Inclusive And Equitable Quality Education And
Promote Lifelong Learning Opportunities For All.
The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a global education crisis. School closures
brought on by the pandemic have had devastating consequences for children’s
learning and well-being. It is estimated that 147 million children missed more
than half of their in-class instruction over the past two years. Despite
improvements, disparities in educational participation and outcomes are
persistent. Basic school infrastructure is far from universal. In 2020,
approximately one quarter of primary schools globally did not have access to
basic services such as electricity, drinking water and basic sanitation facilities.

TARGETS:

1. ENSURE THAT ALL GIRLS AND BOYS COMPLETE FREE, EQUITABLE AND
QUALITY PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION by 2030 leading to
relevant and effective learning outcomes

2. ENSURE EQUAL ACCESS FOR ALL WOMEN AND MEN TO AFFORDABLE

AND QUALITY TECHNICAL, VOCATIONAL AND TERTIARY EDUCATION, by
2030 including university

3. TO ACHIEVE LITERACY AND NUMERACY for all youth and a substantial

proportion of adults, both men and women by 2030
 DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC
GROWTH
Promote Sustained, Inclusive And Sustainable Economic Growth,
In 2020,
Fullthe COVID-19
And pandemic
Productive unleashed the
Employment Andworst economic
Decent Workcrisis
ForinAll.
decades,
with a severely damaging impact on working time and income. Global real GDP
per capita decreased sharply by 4.4 per cent in 2020. The conflict in Ukraine is
expected to seriously set back global economic growth in 2022. The COVID-19
pandemic resulted in unprecedented, volatile developments in labor productivity
levels. Waves of spreading COVID-19 infections together with rising inflation,
major supply chain disruptions, policy uncertainties and unsustainable debt of
developing countries caused the global economy and employment rate to slow
down at the end of 2021.
TARGETS:

1. ACHIEVE HIGHER LEVELS OF ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY through diversification,

technological upgrading and innovation, including through a focus on high-value
added and labor-intensive sectors

2. PROMOTE DEVELOPMENT-ORIENTED POLICIES that support productive activities,

decent job creation and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small- and
medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial services

3. SUSTAIN PER CAPITA ECONOMIC GROWTH in accordance with national

circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent gross domestic product growth per
annum in the least developed countries
 CLIMATE ACTION
Take Urgent Action To Combat Climate Change And Its
Impacts. and the window to avert it is closing
The world is on the brink of a climate catastrophe,
rapidly. Increased heatwaves, droughts and floods caused by climate change are causing
potentially irreversible changes in global ecosystems. To limit warming to 1.5° Celsius
above pre-industrial levels, as set out in the Paris Agreement, global greenhouse gas
emissions will need to peak before 2025. Then they must decline by 43 per cent by 2030,
falling to net zero by 2050. In response, countries are articulating climate action plans to
cut emissions and adapt to climate impacts through nationally determined contributions.
However, current national commitments are not sufficient to meet the 1.5 °C target.
Immediate and deep reductions in emissions are needed across all sectors for a
sustainable future.

TARGETS:

1. INTEGRATE CLIMATE CHANGE MEASURES into national policies, strategies and

planning.

2. IMPROVE EDUCATION, AWARENESS-RAISING AND HUMAN AND INSTITUTIONAL

CAPACITY on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early
warning.

3. PROMOTE MECHANISMS FOR RAISING CAPACITY FOR EFFECTIVE CLIMATE

CHANGE-RELATED PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT in least developed countries and
including focusing on women, youth and local and marginalized communities.
 SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES
Make Cities And Human Settlements Inclusive, Safe, Resilient
And Sustainable.
Today, more than half the world’s population live in cities. Cities are drivers
of economic growth and contribute more than 80 per cent of global GDP.
However, they also account for more than 70 per cent of global greenhouse
gas emissions. If well-planned and managed, urban development can be
sustainable and can generate inclusive prosperity. However, rapid and poorly
planned urbanization leads to many challenges, including a shortage of
affordable housing, insufficient infrastructure, unsafe levels of air pollution,
etc. Strengthening the preparedness and resilience of cities, is crucial in our
ability to respond to future crises.

TARGETS:

1. ENSURE ACCESS FOR ALL TO ADEQUATE, SAFE AND AFFORDABLE

HOUSING AND BASIC SERVICES and upgrade slums by 2030.

2. ENHANCE INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE URBANIZATION AND CAPACITY

for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and
management in all countries by 2030.

3. REDUCE THE ADVERSE PER CAPITA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF CITIES,

by 2030 including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and
other waste management
 NO POVERTY
End Poverty In All Of Its Forms Everywhere.
Eradicating poverty is not a task of charity, it’s an act of justice and the
key to unlocking an enormous human potential. Still, nearly half of the
world’s population lives in poverty, and lack of food and clean water is
killing thousands every single day of the year. Together, we can feed the
hungry, wipe out disease and give everyone in the world a chance to
prosper and live a productive and rich life.

TARGETS:

1. ERADICATE EXTREME POVERTY By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty

for all people everywhere, currently measured as people living on less
than $1.25 a day.

2. REDUCE POVERTY BY AT LEAST 50% By 2030, reduce at least by half

the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty
in all its dimensions according to national definitions.

3. IMPLEMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS Implement nationally

appropriate social protection systems and measures for all, including
floors, and by 2030 achieve substantial coverage of the poor and the
vulnerable.
 ZERO HUNGER
End Hunger, Achieve Food Security And Improved
Nutrition And Promote Sustainable Agriculture.
Hunger is the leading cause of death in the world. Our planet has
provided us with tremendous resources, but unequal access and
inefficient handling leaves millions of people malnourished. If we
promote sustainable agriculture with modern technologies and fair
distribution systems, we can sustain the whole world’s population and
make sure that nobody will ever suffer from hunger again.
TARGETS:

1. UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO SAFE AND NUTRITIOUS FOOD By 2030, end

hunger and ensure access by all people to safe, nutritious and sufficient food
all year round.

2. END ALL FORMS OF MALNUTRITION By 2030, end all forms of

malnutrition, by 2025, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls,
pregnant and lactating women and older persons.

3. ENSURE STABLE FOOD COMMODITY MARKETS AND TIMELY ACCESS TO

INFORMATION Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food
commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to
market information in order to help limit extreme food price volatility.
 LIFE BELOW WATER
Conserve And Sustainably Use The Oceans, Seas And Marine
Resources For Sustainable Development.

Ocean ecosystems form the basis for global economies, local livelihoods, food security
and nutrition, and climate adaptation and mitigation. As highlighted in the IPCC Sixth
Assessment Report, harnessing the potential of the ocean by developing sustainable blue
economies can therefore build prosperity and improve the lives of all, including most
disenfranchised and marginalized communities. However, SDG 14 in support of our
ocean receives the least amount of long-term funding of any of the SDGs. Recent reports
suggest that $175 billion per year is needed to achieve SDG14 by 2030; and yet, between
2015 and 2019, just below $10 billion was actually invested.

TARGETS:

1. PREVENT AND SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE MARINE POLLUTION OF ALL KINDS, in

particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution.

2. MINIMIZE AND ADDRESS THE IMPACTS OF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION, including

through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels.

3. BY 2020, CONSERVE AT LEAST 10 PER CENT OF COASTAL AND MARINE AREAS,

consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific
information.
 LIFE ON LAND
Protect, Restore And Promote Sustainable Use Of Terrestrial
Ecosystems, Sustainably Manage Forests, Combat Desertification,
And Halt And Reverse Land Degradation And Halt Biodiversity
Loss. focuses on the linkage between
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
sustainable management of the planet’s natural resources and social and economic
development as well as on “strengthen cooperation on desertification, dust storms, land
degradation and drought and promote resilience and disaster risk reduction”.
Sustainable Development Goal 15 of the 2030 Agenda aims to “protect, restore and
promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat
desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss”

TARGETS:

1. PROMOTE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT of all

types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially
increase afforestation and reforestation globally by 2020.
2. TAKE URGENT AND SIGNIFICANT ACTION TO REDUCE THE DEGRADATION of
natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect and prevent
the extinction of threatened species.
3. TAKE URGENT ACTION TO END POACHING AND TRAFFICKING of protected
species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife
products.
 GENDER EQUALITY
Achieve Gender Equality And Empower All
Women And Girls.
Gender bias is undermining our social fabric and devalues all of us. It is
not just a human rights issue; it is a tremendous waste of the world’s
human potential. By denying women equal rights, we deny half the
population a chance to live life at its fullest. Political, economic and
social equality for women will benefit all the world’s citizens. Together
we can eradicate prejudice and work for equal rights and respect for all.

TARGETS:

1. END DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS End all forms of

discrimination against all women and girls everywhere.

2. END ALL VIOLENCE AGAINST AND EXPLOITATION OF WOMEN AND GIRLS

Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and
private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of
exploitation.

3. ELIMINATE FORCED MARRIAGES AND GENITAL MUTILATION Eliminate all

harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital
mutilation.
 PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG
INSTITUTION
Promote Peaceful And Inclusive Societies For Sustainable
Development, Provide Access To Justice For All And Build Effective,
Accountable
Compassion and a And Inclusive
strong moral Institutions
compass isAtessential
All Levels.
to every
democratic society. Yet, persecution, injustice and abuse still runs
rampant and is tearing at the very fabric of civilization. We must
ensure that we have strong institutions, global standards of justice,
and a commitment to peace everywhere.

TARGETS:

1. REDUCE VIOLENCE EVERYWHERE. Significantly reduce all forms of violence

and related death rates everywhere.

2. PROTECT CHILDREN FROM ABUSE, EXPLOITATION, TRAFFICKING AND

VIOLENCE. End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence
against and torture of children.

3. PROMOTE THE RULE OF LAW AND ENSURE EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE.

Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure
equal access to justice for all.
 SDGs- INDIA
The third edition of the SDG India Index and Dashboard 2020–21 was released by NITI Aayog. Since its
inaugural launch in 2018, the index has been comprehensively documenting and ranking the progress made
by States and Union Territories towards achieving the SDGs. Now in its third year, the index has become the
primary tool for monitoring progress on the SDGs in the country and has simultaneously fostered competition
among the States and Union Territories.

The SDG India Index computes goal-wise scores on the 16 SDGs for each State and Union Territory. Overall
State and UT scores are generated from goal-wise scores to measure aggregate performance of the
sub-national unit based on its performance across the 16 SDGs. These scores range between 0–100, and if a
State/UT achieves a score of 100, it signifies it has achieved the 2030 targets. The higher the score of a
State/UT, the greater the distance to target achieved.

CONCLUSION
The country’s overall SDG score improved by 6 points—from 60 in 2019 to 66 in 2020–21. This positive
stride towards achieving the targets is largely driven by exemplary country-wide performance in Goal 6 (Clean
Water and Sanitation) and Goal 7(Affordable and Clean Energy), where the composite Goal scores are 83
and 92, respectively.
 THANK YOU!

NAME: ROLL NO:

1) Apurv Rashinkar 5738

2) Atharva Raut 5739

3) Raina Samanta 5740

4) Vishwa Saraf 5741

5) Shreya Sawant 5742

6) Akbar Shaikh 5743