Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

Class 9
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence is formed by combining the two words artificial
and intelligence.
a. Artificial – Artificial refers to something created or produced by
humans rather than existing naturally
b. Intelligence – The ability to acquire and use knowledge and skills
is referred to as intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence Definition

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of machines to do cognitive
tasks such as thinking, perceiving, learning, problem solving, and
decision making. It is based on how individuals use their brains to
observe, learn, figure out, and make decisions.

Artificial Intelligence has been defined in a variety of ways by

various organizations.

Artificial Intelligence NITI Aayog

The ability of machines to execute cognitive functions such as

thinking, perceiving, learning, problem solving, and decision making
is referred to as artificial intelligence (AI).

World Economic Forum Artificial Intelligence

The software engine that propels the Fourth Industrial Revolution is

artificial intelligence (AI). It has already had an impact on people’s
lives, businesses, and political processes. It will soon be driving
automobiles, stocking warehouses, and caring for the young and
elderly in its embodied form of robots. It holds the prospect of
resolving some of society’s most serious problems.

European Artificial Intelligence

AI isn’t a well-defined technology, and there isn’t a single

description that everyone agrees on. It’s more of a catch-all word
for data analysis and pattern detection tools.

Artificial Intelligence Encyclopedia Britannica

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to a digital computer’s or a

computer-controlled robot’s ability to do tasks normally performed
by intelligent beings.

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

History of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence formally founded in 1956, when the term
“Artificial Intelligence” was coined at a conference at Dartmouth
College in Hanover, New Hampshire.
The phrase “artificial intelligence” was created by John McCarthy,
who also hosted the first AI conference.

1. 1956 – Birth of AI Dartmouth Conference

2. 1966 – First Chatbot “ELIZA”
3. 1972 – First Intelligence “Robot WABOT – 1”
4. 1974 – 1980 : First AI winer1980 : Expert System
5. 1987 – 1993 : Second AI Winer
6. 1997 – IBM Deep blue “First computer to beat a world chess
champion”
7. 2002 – AI in Home “Roomba”
8. 2011 – IBM Watson “Wins a Quiz show”
9. 2012 – Google Introduce AI in there application
 10. 2014 – Chatbot Eugene Goostman “Wines a Turing test
11. 2015 – Amazon Echo
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

Role of AI in Education
The use of technology in education is changing the way we teach
and learn all across the world. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the
technological innovations that may be used to adapt the learning
experience of different learning groups, teachers, and tutors.

The picture below displays some of the most fundamental AI

competencies –
What is Machine Learning

Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that allows

computers to learn and develop without being explicitly
programmed. Machine learning is concerned with the creation of
computer program that can access data and learn for themselves.

Machine Learning can be used to address difficult problems like

detecting credit card fraud, enabling self-driving automobiles, and
detecting and recognizing faces.

What is Natural Language Processing

Natural language processing (NLP) is an area of artificial intelligence

(AI) that focuses on assisting computers in understanding how
humans write and communicate. This is a difficult task because of
the large amount of unstructured data involved.

What is Expert System

An expert system is a computer software that can handle complex

issues and make decisions in the same way as a human expert can.

What is Vision in AI

Computer vision is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that allows

computers and systems to extract useful information from digital
photos, videos, and other visual inputs, as well as to conduct actions
or make recommendations based on that data.

What is Speech Recognition in AI

Voice messages can now be converted to text using this Speech

technology. It’s also capable of recognizing a person based on their
voiced commands.
What is Planning in AI

In Artificial Intelligence, planning refers to the decision-making

duties carried out by robots or computer programmes in order to
attain a given goal.

What is Robotics

Robotics is the production of robots that can do activities without

the need of human interaction, whereas AI is the process of systems
imitating the human mind to make judgments and ‘learn.’

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

ExCIT
ExCITE was the result of our brainstorming. ExCITE is a technology-
agnostic evaluation methodology for Artificial Intelligence solutions
that focuses on transparency.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence

AI Application in E Commerce

a. Personalized Shopping – Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used to

develop recommendation engines that help you engage with your
customers more effectively. These suggestions are based on their
previous browsing behavior, preferences, and interests.

b. AI-powered Assistants – Virtual shopping assistants and

chatbots aid in the enhancement of the online buying experience.

c. Fraud Prevention – Two of the most serious difficulties that E-

Commerce businesses face are credit card fraud and fraudulent
reviews.
Artificial Intelligence in Automobiles

Self-driving automobiles are built using artificial intelligence. To

drive the vehicle, AI can be combined with the camera, radar, cloud
services, GPS, and control signals.

Artificial Intelligence in Social Media

Many of the social media sites use a AI technology in Social Media

a. Facebook – Artificial Intelligence uses the technique known as

DeepText. DeepText automatically translates the post from one
language to another language.

b. Twitter – Twitter uses AI for fraud detection, propaganda

removal, and to remove hateful content.

Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture

With the help of AI the farmer can identify defects and nutrient
deficiencies in the soil with the help of machine learning
applications

Artificial Intelligence in Robotics

Another industry where artificial intelligence applications are widely

used is robotics. AI-powered robots use real-time updates to detect
obstructions in their path and instantaneously arrange their route.

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

Three Domains of Artificial Intelligence

There are three types of domain in Artificial Intelligence.

1. Data Science (Data for AI)

 2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
3. Computer Vision (CV)
1. Data Science (Data for AI) –

The process of converting a raw dataset into valuable knowledge is

known as Data Science. Nowadays Data Science is an important part
of an Industry. Data science is an AI domain concerned with data
systems and processes, in which the system collects a large amount
of data, maintains sets of data, and extracts meaning from them.

AI Games related to Data Science

Rock, Paper, Scissors AI Game (Based on Data Science)

Rock, Paper, Scissors is an easy game to play. Each player chooses

one of the three things (typically by creating the appropriate hand
shape on three counts!) and the following rules are used to
determine who won that round:

 Paper wraps (beats) Rock

 Scissors cut (beat) Paper
 Rock blunts (beats) Scissors

The purpose of the game is to guess your opponent’s choice and

select the proper object to defeat them.

Game link (Play in computer)

https://rps-ai-game.herokuapp.com

2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Natural language processing (NLP) is a branch of artificial

intelligence. Natural language Processing has the ability to
understand text and spoken words in the same manner that
humans can.

AI Games related to Natural language Processing (NLP)

  Akinator with alexa AI Game (Based on Natural Language
Processing)
 Akinator is a free Amazon Echo app that uses a series of
questions to figure out which character you’re thinking of.
 You can ask the app to guess the identity of a real or
imaginary individual.
Game link (Play in mobile phone)
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.digidust.eloken
ce.akinator.freemium&hl=en_IN&gl=US

3. Computer Vision (CV)

Computer vision allows computers and systems to extract useful

information from digital photos, videos, and other visual inputs. The
goal of Computer Vision is to take necessary action after identifying
an object or person in a digital image.

AI Games related to Computer Vision

Emoji Scavenger Hunt (Based on Computer Vision)

Emoji Scavenger Hunt is a project that uses neural networks and

your phone’s camera to detect real-world counterparts of the
emoticons we use on a daily basis.

Game link

Website link – https://emojiscavengerhunt.withgoogle.com/

Reverse Image Search (Based on Computer Vision)

Google’s picture search is presently only available on desktop

computers. If a friend has sent an image to you on WhatsApp or
Facebook that you want to verify, you’ll need to first copy the image
to a desktop and then run a reverse image search.
Website link –
https://www.labnol.org/reverse/

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

Relate
Real World Application

1. Google Maps and Ride – hailing application

Google Maps is a web-based service that provides accurate data on
geographic regions and locations all over the world. Google has
added new features of google ride which compare ride services and
their pricing with alternative modes of transportation, such as public
transit or walking, in the Google Maps app.

2. Face detection (Virtual Filter, Face ID unlocking)

Biometrics are used in a facial recognition system to map facial
traits from a photograph or video. To identify a match, it compares
the information to a database of known faces. Facial recognition can
aid in the verification of a person’s identification, but it also raises
concerns about privacy.

3. Text editors on autocorrect and autocomplete

Autocorrect: This feature corrects any spelling mistakes made while

typing.

Autocomplete: If a term has already been used, this function

provides suggestions for automatically finishing it. If you type
‘msword’ once, it will try to complete the sentence by displaying
msword on the next line if you type ‘ms’.

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

What is Smart Home
A smart home is a flexible house setup in which appliances and
devices may be managed remotely using a mobile or other
networked device from anywhere with an internet connection.

Advantages of Smart Home

1. Smart Home provide more comfort

2. Smart Home improve Security
3. Smart Home saves energy
4. Smart Home helps to save your money
5. Smart Home means more free time
Disadvantages of Smart Home

1. Cost
2. Always depends on Internet
What is Smart City

The Smart Cities Mission’s goal is to promote economic growth and

improve people’s quality of life by facilitating local area
development and utilizing technology, particularly technology that
leads to Smart results.

Advantages of Smart City

1. Improved Infrastructure
2. Safer Communication
3. More Jobs Opportunities
4. Decrease of Crime
Disadvantages of Smart City

1. Concerns about data security and privacy

2. Excess network trust
 3. It’s difficult to get the financial model for implementation out
there.
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

Purpose
Role of AI in Sustainable Development

What is Sustainable Development

Sustainable development is the development which doesn’t

compromise the capacity of the future generation to satisfy their
needs.
In 1987 the first time sustainable development appeared in the
Brundtland report. This was a warning to all countries regarding
environmental consequences, globalization and economic growth.
Sustainable Development goals are also known as Global goals.
There are 17 goals in sustainable development which were
introduced in 2015.

There are total 17 Sustainable Development Goals are:

1. Zero Hunger
Food supply is aided by AI throughout the supply network, from
manufacturing to transportation and distribution.

2. No Poverty
Artificial intelligence has the potential to help reduce the number of
individuals driven into poverty as a result of natural disasters.

3. Good Health and Well-Being

Doctors and radiologists are collaborating to identify ways to use AI
to detect brain cancers.
4. Quality Education
AI can assist in personalization, allowing young girls and boys to
learn more effectively.

5. Climate action
AI may be used to improve electricity demand forecasts and
associated predictions from sources such as sunlight and wind.

6. Industry Innovation and Infrastructure

The industry can benefit from AI by applying it to develop reality
modeling applications.

7. Gender Equality
AI can tell you how many of your applications are men and how
many are women.

8. Clean Water and Sanitation

By measuring, forecasting, and modifying water efficiency, AI can
ensure that more people have access to clean water.

9. Affordable and clean energy

AI can improve energy output by predicting and adapting to
changing conditions and demand.

10. Sustainable cities and communities

AI can help develop electrified and even driverless vehicles, as well
as smarter infrastructure planning, resulting in large and necessary
reductions in air pollution.

11. Decent work and economic growth

AI can make work-life more safe, such as predictive maintenance of
systems, plants, bridges.
12. Reduce Inequalities
AI can be used to identify discrepancies in legal practices and rules
so that new, equal foundations can be built.

13. Responsible consumption and production

AI can accomplish more with less, reducing inefficiencies in
production, improving quality, and optimizing logistics.

14. Life on land

Desertification can be noticed more easily with AI.

15. Life below water

AI can act as a lifeguard by monitoring the state of marine
resources and assisting in the prevention and reduction of pollution
in our oceans.

16. Partnerships for the goals

The Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence is a multi-
stakeholder project aimed at closing the gap between AI theory and
reality by funding cutting-edge research and applied initiatives on
AI-related objectives.

17. Peace, Justice and strong institutions

AI helps to providing equal access to justice to every one and
defending everyone’s fundamental rights

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

Social Challenges of Artificial Intelligence

“AI has the potential to assist in the solution of some of the most
complex social and environmental issues, such as healthcare,
disaster prediction, agriculture, environmental conservation, and
cultural preservation.”
Wildlife conservation
AI-powered tools can track animal movements and analyze massive
volumes of data to help us better understand where they go and
what habitats we need to protect.

Disaster Awareness And Prediction

Large companies such as Google are focusing on flood prevention,
using artificial intelligence to predict high-risk locations and
informing the citizen.

Bullying And Hate Speech

Major social and media platforms are developing their AI bots to
detect and eliminate bullying, hate speech, and other undesirable
online behaviors.

Agriculture
Smart farming entails using artificial intelligence to increase overall
harvest quality and accuracy. AI technology aids in the detection of
plant disease, pests, and poor agricultural nutrition. AI sensors can
detect and target plants, then determine the best pesticide to use in
the area.

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

Possibilities
Career Opportunities in Artificial Intelligence

1. Data Analytics
2. Natural Language Processing
3. Robotic Scientist
4. Research Scientist
5. Researcher
6. Software Engineer
7. AI Engineer
8. Data Mining and Analysis
9. Data Scientist
10. Machine Learning Engineer
11. Business Intelligence Developer
11. Big Data Engineer/ Architect
12. Business Intelligence Developer

Top Companies in Artificial Intelligence

1. Google
2. Apple
3. Amazon
4. FaceBook
5. Anki
6. DJI
7. Deepmind
8. Clarifai
9. Casetext
10. DataVisor

Skills required for Artificial Intelligence

1. There are a various numbers of skills required for AI related Jobs

2. Required Training to become a expertise in the field of Artificial
Intelligence
3. Good knowledge of Math and Science related to AI
4. Required Programming Languages like Python, Java, Web related
language etc.
5. Linear algebra and statistics
6. Signal processing techniques
7. Neural network architectures

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Class 9

AI Ethics
AI ethics are a collection of principles that guide the development
and use of artificial intelligence.

1. Why AI Ethics is important?

Ethical AI can help businesses run more efficiently, provide cleaner

products, reduce negative environmental impacts, improve public
safety, and improve human health.

2. Ethical Challenges in Artificial Intelligence

1. Cost to Innovation
2. Lack of quality data
3. Problems of Integrity
4. Lack of accuracy of data
5. Bias and discrimination
6. Reduction of human contact
7. Violation of fundamental human rights in supply chain
8. Negative impact on environment
9. Loss of human decision-making