1.
Computer Graphics vs Image Processing
Aspect Computer Graphics Image Processing
Purpose Generation and manipulation of oEnntehnatnucseimngenctoamnpduages
visual c atenraslysis of existing im
Input Models, data, scene descriptions Digital images or photos
Output Images, animations, visualizations Modified or enhanced images
Focus Area Synthesis Analysis
Examples Video games, simulations Medical imaging, satellite imageing
process
Techniques Used Rendering, modeling Filtering, segmentation
2. Pixel Ratio vs Aspect Ratio
Aspect Pixel Ratio Aspect Ratio
Definition Ratio of pixel width to height Ratio of screen/image width to
height
Scope Individual pixel Entire screen/image
Importance Accurate shape representation Correct display proportions
Typical Value 1:1 4:3, 16:9
Impact Distortion in display Image fitting on screen
3. Raster Image vs Vector Image
Aspect Raster Image Vector Image
Definition Grid of pixels Mathematical equations
Scalability Quality loss on scaling Infinite scalability
File Size Larger for high resolution Usually smaller
Best For Photographs Logos, icons
Editing Pixel-based Object-based
Examples JPEG, PNG SVG, EPS
4. Raster Scan vs Random Scan
Aspect Raster Scan Random Scan
Drawing Method Line-by-line Direct coordinate drawing
Image Type Raster images Vector images
Resolution Fixed Variable
Refresh Rate High Low
Hardware Frame buffer Beam deflection
Examples TVs, monitors CAD systems
5. Perspective vs Parallel Projection
Aspect Perspective Parallel
Projection Lines Converge at point Remain parallel
Depth Perception Realistic No depth
Use Case 3D games Engineering drawings
Appearance Distant objects smaller Same size throughout
Computational Cost High Low
6. Bresenham’s vs DDA Algorithm
Aspect Bresenham-s DDA
Approach Integer-based Floating-point based
Speed Faster Slower
Efficiency High Low
Accuracy High Prone to error
Slope Handling Conditional Direct
Use Case Real-time Simple software
7. Window vs Viewport
Aspect Window Viewport
Definition World coordinates region Device/screen coordinates region
Purpose What to display Where to display
Coordinate System World Screen
Transformation Mapped to viewport Receives window content
Example Zoom area Display window
8. Polygon vs Quadric Surface
Aspect Polygon Quadric
Definition Flat polygonal surfaces Curved algebraic surfaces
Shape Planar Curved
Complexity Low High
Use Case Games, models CAD, simulations
Math Basis Vertices and edges Quadratic equations
Rendering Rasterization Parametric/implicit
Examples Cube Sphere
9. CRT vs Vector Scan vs Random Scan
Aspect CRT Vector Scan Random Scan
Definition Vacuum display tube Draws lines Direct coordinate drawing
Drawing Method Raster/vector Point-to-point As needed
Image Type Depends on scan Line art Vector graphics
Refresh Repeated redraw Sequential Random
Use Case TVs Oscilloscopes CAD
Advantages Versatile High precision Less memory
Disadvantages Flickering Not for shading Not for complex scenes
10. Bezier vs B-Spline Curve
Aspect Bezier B-Spline
Control Points All points influence Local influence
Flexibility Lower Higher
Continuity C0, C1 (maybe C2) Up to C2 or more
Degree n-1 Independent
Modification Global effect Local effect
Use Case UI design 3D modeling
11. Convex vs Concave Polygon
Aspect Convex Concave
Definition Angles < 180° At least one angle > 180°
Diagonals Inside polygon Some go outside
Line Segment Rule Inside Can go outside
Complexity Low High
Appearance No dents At least one dent
Use Case Efficient algorithms Detailed shapes
Example Square Star
