Types of Databases
Explanation of Database Types
1. Relational Databases (RDBMS)
- Structure: Data in tables (rows and columns). Uses SQL. ACID-compliant.
- Examples: MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, Oracle DB.
- Applications: Banking, CRM, e-commerce.
2. NoSQL Databases
- Structure: Non-tabular; can be document, key-value, column, or graph based.
- Examples: MongoDB, Redis, Cassandra, Neo4j.
- Applications: Social media, IoT, content management.
3. In-Memory Databases
- Structure: Data stored in RAM.
- Examples: Redis, Memcached.
- Applications: Real-time analytics, gaming, session storage.
4. Object-Oriented Databases
- Structure: Data as objects (OOP-based).
- Examples: ObjectDB, db4o.
- Applications: CAD systems, C++/Java-heavy apps.
5. Distributed Databases
- Structure: Data across multiple locations.
- Examples: Cassandra, CockroachDB.
- Applications: Large-scale, global apps.
6. Cloud Databases
- Structure: Hosted on cloud; SQL/NoSQL.
- Examples: Firebase, Amazon RDS, Snowflake.
Types of Databases
- Applications: SaaS, serverless, mobile/web apps.
7. Graph Databases
- Structure: Nodes and edges.
- Examples: Neo4j, Amazon Neptune.
- Applications: Fraud detection, social networks.
8. Time-Series Databases
- Structure: Time-stamped data.
- Examples: InfluxDB, TimescaleDB.
- Applications: Monitoring, financial analytics, IoT.
9. Hierarchical Databases
- Structure: Tree-like (parent-child).
- Examples: IBM IMS.
- Applications: Legacy systems in banking, telecom.
10. Network Databases
- Structure: Graph structure with many-to-many links.
- Examples: IDS, TurboIMAGE.
- Applications: Legacy ERP systems.
11. Multimodel Databases
- Structure: Multiple data models in one.
- Examples: ArangoDB, Cosmos DB.
- Applications: Complex hybrid applications.
Comparison Table
Database Type Structure Examples Applications
Relational (RDBMS) Tables (rows/cols) MySQL, PostgreSQL Banking, e-commerce
Types of Databases
Document (NoSQL) JSON/BSON docs MongoDB, CouchDB CMS, user profiles
Key-Value Store Key-value pairs Redis, DynamoDB Session storage
Column-Family Store Column families Cassandra, HBase Analytics, IoT
Graph Database Nodes & edges Neo4j, Neptune Social networks
In-Memory DB In RAM Redis, Memcached Gaming, real-time data
Object-Oriented DB Objects/classes ObjectDB, db4o CAD, real-time systems
Distributed DB Multiple locations Cassandra, Spanner Global apps
Cloud Database Cloud hosted Firebase, RDS Web/mobile apps
Time-Series DB Time-stamped InfluxDB, Prometheus Monitoring, IoT
Hierarchical DB Tree (parent-child) IBM IMS Legacy systems
Network DB Graph (many-to-many) IDS Legacy ERP
Multimodel DB Multiple models ArangoDB, Cosmos DB Hybrid apps
