COGNIZANT INTERVIEW COMPLETE PREPARATION GUIDE
SECTION 1: SQL DATABASE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS (Elaborated)
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SECTION 2: JAVA IMPORTANT INTERVIEW QUESTIONS (Elaborated)
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SECTION 3: SPRING BOOT INTERVIEW QUESTIONS (Elaborated)
1. What is Spring Boot? Spring Boot is a project built on top of the Spring Framework that makes it
easy to create stand-alone, production-grade Spring-based applications with minimal
configuration.
Key Features:
• Auto-Configuration
• Embedded servers (Tomcat, Jetty)
• Starter dependencies
• Production-ready features (metrics, health checks)
• How does Spring Boot differ from Spring Framework? | Feature | Spring Framework | Spring
Boot | |--------|------------------|--------------| | Setup | Manual XML/Java Config | Auto-configuration |
| Server | Requires external server | Embedded server (Tomcat/Jetty) | | Deployment | WAR |
JAR (self-contained) | | Starter Modules | Not available | Pre-built starter dependencies |
• What are Spring Boot starters? Pre-defined Maven dependencies to simplify project setup. E.g.,
spring-boot-starter-web , spring-boot-starter-data-jpa .
Example:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
1. What is @SpringBootApplication annotation? A convenience annotation that combines:
2. @Configuration : Indicates class contains Spring beans
3. @EnableAutoConfiguration : Enables auto-configuration
4. @ComponentScan : Scans packages for Spring components
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5. How does Spring Boot auto-configuration work? It uses @EnableAutoConfiguration and
classpath scanning to automatically configure beans based on libraries present in the classpath.
6. How to create RESTful web services using Spring Boot?
7. Use @RestController and @RequestMapping annotations
8. Return @ResponseBody directly from methods
Example:
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class UserController {
@GetMapping("/users")
public List<User> getAllUsers() {
return userRepository.findAll();
}
}
1. What is application.properties/application.yml in Spring Boot? Configuration files used to
customize the application's behavior.
Examples:
server.port=8081
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db
1. How to connect Spring Boot with a database? Use Spring Data JPA and configure datasource
in application.properties .
Steps:
• Add JPA and DB Driver dependency
• Configure DB URL, username, password
• Use JpaRepository for DAO layer
• What is Spring Data JPA? A part of Spring that simplifies data access with automatic
implementation of repositories.
Example:
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {}
1. What are Spring Profiles? Allow you to define multiple configurations for different
environments like dev, test, and prod.
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Usage:
@Profile("dev")
@Bean
public DataSource devDataSource() { ... }
Would you like more advanced Spring Boot topics like security, testing, or microservices?
