Question ID 85939da5

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: 85939da5

Texting Talks on cell Does not talk on

behavior phone daily cell phone daily Total

Light 110 146 256

Medium 139 164 303

Heavy 166 74 240

Total 415 384 799

In a study of cell phone use, 799 randomly selected US teens were asked how
often they talked on a cell phone and about their texting behavior. The data are
summarized in the table above. Based on the data from the study, an estimate of
the percent of US teens who are heavy texters is 30% and the associated margin of
error is 3%. Which of the following is a correct statement based on the given
margin of error?

A. Approximately 3% of the teens in the study who are classified as heavy texters are not really heavy texters.

B. It is not possible that the percent of all US teens who are heavy texters is less than 27%.

C. The percent of all US teens who are heavy texters is 33%.

D. It is doubtful that the percent of all US teens who are heavy texters is 35%.

ID: 85939da5 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The given margin of error of 3% indicates that the actual percent of all US teens who are heavy texters is
likely within 3% of the estimate of 30%, or between 27% and 33%. Therefore, it is unlikely, or doubtful, that the percent of all
US teens who are heavy texters would be 35%.

Choice A is incorrect. The margin of error doesn’t provide any information about the accuracy of reporting in the study.
Choice B is incorrect. Based on the estimate and given margin of error, it is unlikely that the percent of all US teens who are
heavy texters would be less than 27%, but it is possible. Choice C is incorrect. While the percent of all US teens who are
heavy texters is likely between 27% and 33%, any value within this interval is equally likely. We can’t be certain that the value
is exactly 33%.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID e29586d5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: e29586d5

Number of Contestants by Score and Day

5 out 4 out 3 out 2 out 1 out 0 out
Total
of 5 of 5 of 5 of 5 of 5 of 5

Day
2 3 4 6 2 3 20
1

Day
2 3 5 5 4 1 20
2

Day
3 3 4 5 3 2 20
3

Total 7 9 13 16 9 6 60
The same 20 contestants, on each of 3 days, answered 5 questions in order to win a prize. Each contestant received 1 point
for each correct answer. The number of contestants receiving a given score on each day is shown in the table above.
No contestant received the same score on two different days. If a contestant is
selected at random, what is the probability that the selected contestant received a
score of 5 on Day 2 or Day 3, given that the contestant received a score of 5 on one
of the three days?

ID: e29586d5 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is . It is given that no contestant received the same score on two different days, so each of the
contestants who received a score of 5 is represented in the “5 out of 5” column of the table exactly once. Therefore, the
probability of selecting a contestant who received a score of 5 on Day 2 or Day 3, given that the contestant received a score
of 5 on one of the three days, is found by dividing the total number of contestants who received a score of 5 on Day 2 or Day
3 by the total number of contestants who received a score of 5, which is given in the table as 7. So the probability

is . Note that 5/7, .7142, .7143, and 0.714 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 954943a4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 954943a4

Jennifer bought a box of Crunchy Grain cereal. The nutrition facts on the box state

that a serving size of the cereal is cup and provides 210 calories, 50 of which
are calories from fat. In addition, each serving of the cereal provides 180
milligrams of potassium, which is 5% of the daily allowance for adults. If p percent
of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium is provided by x servings of Crunchy
Grain cereal per day, which of the following expresses p in terms of x ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 954943a4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that each serving of Crunchy Grain cereal provides 5% of an adult’s daily allowance of
potassium, so x servings would provide x times 5%. The percentage of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium, p, is 5 times
the number of servings, x. Therefore, the percentage of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium can be expressed as .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from incorrectly converting 5% to its decimal equivalent, which isn’t
necessary since p is expressed as a percentage. Additionally, choices C and D are incorrect because the context should be
represented by a linear relationship, not by an exponential relationship.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID b1b5300b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: b1b5300b
Prices of 14 Different Cars
Priced at no more Priced greater
Type of car Total
than $25,000 than $25,000

Nonhybrid 5 3 8

Hybrid 2 4 6

Total 7 7 14

The table above shows information about 14 cars listed for sale on an auto dealership’s website. If one of the
cars listed for sale is selected at random, what is the probability that the car selected will be a hybrid car
priced at no more than $25,000 ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b1b5300b Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that there are 2 hybrid cars priced at no more than $25,000. It’s also given that there are 14 cars
total for sale. Therefore, the probability of selecting a hybrid priced at no more than $25,000 when one car is chosen at

random is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a hybrid car priced greater than $25,000 when choosing one car at
random. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability, when choosing randomly from only the hybrid cars, of selecting one
priced at no more than $25,000. Choice D is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a hybrid car when selecting at
random from only the cars priced greater than $25,000.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d28c29e1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: d28c29e1

The International Space Station orbits Earth at an average speed of 4.76 miles per
second. What is the space station’s average speed in miles per hour?

A. 285.6

B. 571.2

C. 856.8

D. 17,136.0

ID: d28c29e1 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. Since 1 minute = 60 seconds and 1 hour = 60 minutes, it follows that 1 hour = (60)(60), or 3,600
seconds. Using this conversion factor, the space station’s average speed of 4.76 miles per second is equal to an average

speed of , or 17,136 miles per hour.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the space station’s average speed in miles per minute. Choice B is incorrect. This is double the
space station’s average speed in miles per minute, or the number of miles the space station travels on average in 2 minutes.
Choice C is incorrect. This is triple the space station’s average speed in miles per minute, or the number of miles the space
station travels on average in 3 minutes.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 1adb39f0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 1adb39f0

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, x and y. A line of
best fit for the data is also shown. Which of the following is closest to the
difference between the y-coordinate of the data point with and the y-value
predicted by the line of best fit at ?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 5

D. 12

ID: 1adb39f0 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The data point with has a y-coordinate of 12. The y-value predicted by the line of best fit at
is approximately 11. The difference between the y-coordinate of the data point and the y-value predicted by the line of best fit
at is , or 1.

Choices B and C are incorrect and may result from incorrectly reading the scatterplot. Choice D is incorrect. This is the y-
coordinate of the data point at .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3f5398a6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 3f5398a6

For a person m miles from a flash of lightning, the length of the time interval from
the moment the person sees the lightning to the moment the person hears the
thunder is k seconds. The ratio of m to k can be estimated to be 1 to 5. According
to this estimate, the person is how many miles from a flash of lightning if the time
interval is 25 seconds?

A. 10

B. 9

C. 6

D. 5

ID: 3f5398a6 Answer

Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that the ratio of m to k is estimated to be 1 to 5. Therefore, when , the relationship

between these ratios can be expressed by the proportion . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 25 yields
.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may result from calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b4912cc5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: b4912cc5

The population density of Iceland, in people per square kilometer of land area,
increased from 2.5 in 1990 to 3.3 in 2014. During this time period, the land area of
Iceland was 100,250 square kilometers. By how many people did Iceland’s
population increase from 1990 to 2014?

A. 330,825

B. 132,330

C. 125,312

D. 80,200

ID: b4912cc5 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The increase in Iceland’s population can be found by multiplying the increase in population density, in
people per square kilometer, by the area, in square kilometers. It’s given that the population density of Iceland was 2.5 people
per square kilometer in 1990 and 3.3 people per square kilometer in 2014. The increase in population density can be found
by subtracting 2.5 from 3.3, which yields 0.8. It’s given that the land area of Iceland was 100,250 square kilometers. Thus, the
increase in population is , or 80,200.

Alternate approach: It’s given that the population density of Iceland, in people per square kilometer of land area, in 1990 was
2.5. Since the land area of Iceland was 100,250 square kilometers, it follows that the population of Iceland in 1990 was
, or 250,625. Similarly, the population of Iceland in 2014 was , or 330,825. The population
increase is the difference in the population from 1990 to 2014, or , which yields 80,200. Therefore,
Iceland’s population increased by 80,200 from 1990 to 2014.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the population of Iceland in 2014. Choice B is incorrect and may result from dividing 3.3 by 2.5,
instead of subtracting 2.5 from 3.3. Choice C is incorrect and may result from dividing the population of Iceland in 1990 by 2.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c7e73ece
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: c7e73ece
Views on Nuclear Energy
Use
Response Frequency

Strongly favor 56

Somewhat
214
favor

Somewhat
104
oppose

Strongly
37
oppose

A researcher interviewed 411 randomly selected US residents and asked about their views on the use of nuclear energy. The
table above summarizes the responses of the interviewees. If the population of the United States was 300 million when the
survey was given, based on the sample data for the 411 US residents, what is the best estimate, in millions, of the difference
between the number of US residents who somewhat favor or strongly favor the use of nuclear energy and the number of
those who somewhat oppose or strongly oppose it? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)

ID: c7e73ece Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 94. Of those interviewed, “strongly favor” or “somewhat favor” the use of nuclear
energy, and interviewees “somewhat oppose” or “strongly oppose” the use of nuclear energy. The difference
between the sizes of the two surveyed groups is . The proportion of this difference among the entire group

of interviewees is . Because the sample of interviewees was selected at random from US residents, it is reasonable to
assume that the proportion of this difference is the same among all US residents as in the sample. Therefore, the best
estimate, in millions, of the difference between the number of US residents who somewhat favor or strongly favor the use of

nuclear energy and the number of those who somewhat oppose or strongly oppose it is , which to the nearest
million is 94.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID f890dc20
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: f890dc20

What is the median of the seven

data values shown?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 9

ID: f890dc20 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. When a data set has an odd number of values, the median can be found by ordering the values from
least to greatest and determining the value in the middle. Since the values are already presented in order from least to
greatest and there are 7 values, the median is the fourth value in the list. Therefore, the median is 3.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the mode. Choice C is incorrect. This is the mean. Choice D is incorrect. This is the range.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID d3b9c8d8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: d3b9c8d8

The box plots summarize the masses, in kilograms, of two groups of gazelles. Based on the box plots, which of the following
statements must be true?

A. The mean mass of group 1 is greater than the mean mass of group 2.

B. The mean mass of group 1 is less than the mean mass of group 2.

C. The median mass of group 1 is greater than the median mass of group 2.

D. The median mass of group 1 is less than the median mass of group 2.

ID: d3b9c8d8 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. The median of a data set represented in a box plot is represented by the vertical line within the box. It
follows that the median mass of the gazelles in group is kilograms, and the median mass of the gazelles in group is
kilograms. Since kilograms is greater than kilograms, the median mass of group is greater than the median mass
of group .

Choice A is incorrect. The mean mass of each of the two groups cannot be determined from the box plots.

Choice B is incorrect. The mean mass of each of the two groups cannot be determined from the box plots.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 65c49824
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 65c49824

A school district is forming a committee to discuss plans for the construction of a

new high school. Of those invited to join the committee, 15% are parents of
students, 45% are teachers from the current high school, 25% are school and
district administrators, and the remaining 6 individuals are students. How many
more teachers were invited to join the committee than school and district
administrators?

ID: 65c49824 Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 8. The 6 students represent of those invited to join the committee. If

x people were invited to join the committee, then . Thus, there were people invited to join the
committee. It follows that there were teachers and school and district administrators invited
to join the committee. Therefore, there were 8 more teachers than school and district administrators invited to join the
committee.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1ea09200
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 1ea09200

A sample of 40 fourth-grade students was selected at random from a certain

school. The 40 students completed a survey about the morning announcements,
and 32 thought the announcements were helpful. Which of the following is the
largest population to which the results of the survey can be applied?

A. The 40 students who were surveyed

B. All fourth-grade students at the school

C. All students at the school

D. All fourth-grade students in the county in which the school is located

ID: 1ea09200 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. Selecting a sample of a reasonable size at random to use for a survey allows the results from that survey
to be applied to the population from which the sample was selected, but not beyond this population. In this case, the
population from which the sample was selected is all fourth-grade students at a certain school. Therefore, the results of the
survey can be applied to all fourth-grade students at the school.

Choice A is incorrect. The results of the survey can be applied to the 40 students who were surveyed. However, this isn’t the
largest group to which the results of the survey can be applied. Choices C and D are incorrect. Since the sample was
selected at random from among the fourth-grade students at a certain school, the results of the survey can’t be applied to
other students at the school or to other fourth-grade students who weren’t represented in the survey results. Students in
other grades in the school or other fourth-grade students in the country may feel differently about announcements than the
fourth-grade students at the school.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 82aaa0a1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 82aaa0a1

Of the following, which is the best model for

the data in the scatterplot?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 82aaa0a1 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. The graphical model that most closely fits the data in the scatterplot is a model in which the number of
data points above and below the model are approximately balanced. Fitting a graphical model to the data shown results in
an upward-facing parabola with a y-intercept near and a vertex with an approximate x-value of 2.5. Of the given
choices, only choice B gives an equation of an upward-facing parabola with a y-intercept at . Furthermore, substituting
2.5 for x into the equation in choice B yields . This is approximately the y-value of the vertex of the model.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. These equations don’t give a graphical model that best fits the data. At , they have y-
values of , , and 3, respectively. At , they have y-values of , , and 3, respectively.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 37930b2a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 37930b2a

Residents of a town were surveyed to determine whether they are satisfied with the
concession stand at the local park. A random sample of 200 residents was
selected. All 200 responded, and 87% said they are satisfied. Based on this
information, which of the following statements must be true?
I. Of all the town residents, 87% would say they are satisfied with the concession stand at the local park.
II. If another random sample of 200 residents were surveyed, 87% would say they are satisfied.

A. Neither

B. I only

C. II only

D. I and II

ID: 37930b2a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The purpose of surveying a random sample of residents is to approximate the percent of the town
residents that are satisfied with the concession stand. The sample doesn’t necessarily get the same result as surveying
every resident of the town, nor would another sample necessarily have identical results. Therefore, although it’s possible that
either statement I or statement II could prove true by surveying every resident of the town, these statements cannot be
proven true solely based on the results of the sample.

Choice B is incorrect because surveying a sample of the town residents may not have the same result as surveying all the
town residents. Choices C and D are incorrect because surveying a different sample of residents could yield different results.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 83272c51
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 83272c51

In an experiment, a heated cup of coffee is removed from a heat source, and the
cup of coffee is then left in a room that is kept at a constant temperature. The
graph above shows the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit (°F), of the coffee
immediately after being removed from the heat source and at 10-minute intervals
thereafter. During which of the following 10-minute intervals does the temperature
of the coffee decrease at the greatest average rate?

A. Between 0 and 10 minutes

B. Between 30 and 40 minutes

C. Between 50 and 60 minutes

D. Between 90 and 100 minutes

ID: 83272c51 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The average rate of change in temperature of the coffee in degrees Fahrenheit per minute is calculated
by dividing the difference between two recorded temperatures by the number of minutes in the corresponding interval of
time. Since the time intervals given are all 10 minutes, the average rate of change is greatest for the points with the greatest
difference in temperature. Of the choices, the greatest difference in temperature occurs between 0 and 10 minutes.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from misinterpreting the average rate of change from the graph.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 4c774b00
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 4c774b00

Ages of 20 Students Enrolled in a College Class

Age Frequency

18 6

19 5

20 4

21 2

22 1

23 1

30 1

The table above shows the distribution of ages of the 20 students enrolled in a
college class. Which of the following gives the correct order of the mean, median,
and mode of the ages?

A. mode < median < mean

B. mode < mean < median

C. median < mode < mean

D. mean < mode < median

ID: 4c774b00 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The mode is the data value with the highest frequency. So for the data shown, the mode is 18. The
median is the middle data value when the data values are sorted from least to greatest. Since there are 20 ages ordered, the
median is the average of the two middle values, the 10th and 11th, which for these data are both 19. Therefore, the median is
19. The mean is the sum of the data values divided by the number of the data values. So for these data, the mean is

Since the mode is 18, the median is 19, and the mean is 20, .

Choices B and D are incorrect because the mean is greater than the median. Choice C is incorrect because the median is
greater than the mode.

Alternate approach: After determining the mode, 18, and the median, 19, it remains to determine whether the mean is less
than 19 or more than 19. Because the mean is a balancing point, there is as much deviation below the mean as above the
mean. It is possible to compare the data to 19 to determine the balance of deviation above and below the mean. There is a
total deviation of only 6 below 19 (the 6 values of 18); however, the data value 30 alone deviates by 11 above 19. Thus the
mean must be greater than 19.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 1353b86e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 1353b86e
Colors of
Marbles in a
Bag
Color Number

Red 8

Blue 10

Green 22

Total 40

The table shows the number of different colors of marbles in a bag. If a marble is
chosen at random from the bag, what is the probability that the marble will be
blue?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1353b86e Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. If a marble is chosen at random from the bag, the probability of choosing a marble of a certain color is
the number of marbles of that color divided by the total number of marbles in the bag. Since there are 10 blue marbles in the

bag, and there are 40 total marbles in the bag, the probability that the marble chosen will be blue is .

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. These represent the probability that the marble chosen won’t be blue (choice A), will be
green (choice B), and won’t be green (choice C).

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID d89c1513
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: d89c1513

Customer Purchases at a Gas Station

Beverage purchased Beverage not purchased Total

Gasoline purchased 60 25 85

Gasoline not purchased 35 15 50

Total 90 40 135
On Tuesday, a local gas station had 135 customers. The table above summarizes
whether or not the customers on Tuesday purchased gasoline, a beverage, both, or
neither. Based on the data in the table, what is the probability that a gas station
customer selected at random on that day did not purchase gasoline?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d89c1513 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The total number of gas station customers on Tuesday was 135. The table shows that the number of
customers who did not purchase gasoline was 50. Finding the ratio of the number of customers who did not purchase
gasoline to the total number of customers gives the probability that a customer selected at random on that day did not

purchase gasoline, which is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from finding the probability that a customer did not purchase a beverage, given that the
customer did not purchase gasoline. Choice B is incorrect and may result from finding the probability that a customer did not
purchase gasoline, given that the customer did not purchase a beverage. Choice C is incorrect and may result from finding
the probability that a customer did purchase a beverage, given that the customer did not purchase gasoline.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 52f9a246
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 52f9a246

, , , , , , , , Which frequency table correctly represents the data listed?

A. Number Frequency

B. Number Frequency

C. Number Frequency

D. Number Frequency

ID: 52f9a246 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. A frequency table is a table that lists the data value and shows the number of times the data value
occurs. In the data listed, the number occurs four times, the number occurs three times, and the number occurs two
times. This corresponds to the table in choice A.

Choice B is incorrect. This table has the values for number and frequency reversed.

Choice C is incorrect because the frequency values don't represent the data listed.

Choice D is incorrect. This table represents the listed number values as the frequency values.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 000259aa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 000259aa

A group of monarch butterflies migrated from Chicago, Illinois, to Michoacán,

Mexico, flying a total of 2,100 miles. It took a single butterfly in the group 120 days
to travel this route one way. On average, how many miles did the butterfly travel per
day?

A. 0.057

B. 0.729

C. 17.5

D. 24

ID: 000259aa Answer

Rationale

Choice C is correct. If the butterfly traveled 2,100 miles in 120 days, then it traveled, on average, miles
per day.

Choice A is incorrect. This is approximately the average amount of time, in days, it took the butterfly to fly one mile:

days per mile. Choice B is incorrect and may result from an arithmetic error. Choice D is incorrect.
This is the number of hours in a day rather than the number of miles flown per day.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID e1ad3d41
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: e1ad3d41

Eye color
Coat color
Deep blue Light brown Total

Cream-tortoiseshell 16 16 32

Chocolate 12 4 16

Total 28 20 48

The data on the coat color and eye color for 48 Himalayan kittens available for
adoption were collected and summarized in the table above. What fraction of the
chocolate-colored kittens has deep blue eyes?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e1ad3d41 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The table shows that there are a total of 16 kittens that have a chocolate-colored coat. Of the 16 with a
chocolate-colored coat, 12 have deep blue eyes. Therefore, the fraction of chocolate-colored kittens with deep blue eyes is

simply the ratio of those two numbers, or .

Choice A is incorrect; this is the fraction of all chocolate-colored kittens. Choice B is incorrect; this is the fraction of kittens
with deep blue eyes that have a chocolate-colored coat. Choice C is incorrect; this is the fraction of cream-tortoiseshell-
colored kittens with deep blue eyes.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID ac5b6558
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: ac5b6558

The scatterplot above shows the high temperature on a certain day and the
elevation of 8 different locations in the Lake Tahoe Basin. A line of best fit for the
data is also shown. What temperature is predicted by the line of best fit for a
location in the Lake Tahoe Basin with an elevation of 8,500 feet?

A. 37°F

B. 39°F

C. 41°F

D. 43°F

ID: ac5b6558 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. The line of best fit passes through the point . Therefore, the line of best fit predicts a
temperature of 39°F for a location in Lake Tahoe Basin with an elevation of 8,500 feet.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the lowest temperature listed on the scatterplot, and the line of best fit never crosses this value
for any of the elevations shown. Choice C is incorrect. According to the line of best fit, the temperature of 41°F is predicted
for an elevation of slightly greater than 7,500 feet, not an elevation of 8,500 feet. Choice D is incorrect. According to the line
of best fit, the temperature of 43°F is predicted for an elevation of roughly 6,700 feet, not an elevation of 8,500 feet.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 46545dd6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 46545dd6
Number of High School Students Who
Completed Summer Internships

High Year
school 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Foothill 87 80 75 76 70

Valley 44 54 65 76 82

Total 131 134 140 152 152

The table above shows the number of students from two different high schools
who completed summer internships in each of five years. No student attended
both schools. Of the students who completed a summer internship in 2010, which
of the following represents the fraction of students who were from Valley High
School?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 46545dd6 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. According to the table, 140 students from the two high schools completed summer internships in 2010.

Of these, 65 were from Valley High School. Therefore, of the students who completed summer internships in 2010,
represents the fraction who were from Valley High School.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the difference between the numbers of students from the two high schools who completed
internships in 2010 divided by the total number of students from the two schools who completed internships that year.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the fraction of students from Foothill High School who completed internships out of all the
students who completed internships in 2010. Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of students from Valley High School
who completed internships in 2010 divided by the number of students from Foothill High School who completed internships
in 2010.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 16cea46c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 16cea46c

Voice type Number of singers

Countertenor 4

Tenor 6

Baritone 10

Bass 5

A total of 25 men registered for singing lessons. The frequency table shows how
many of these singers have certain voice types. If one of these singers is selected
at random, what is the probability he is a baritone?

A. 0.10

B. 0.40

C. 0.60

D. 0.67

ID: 16cea46c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. This probability is calculated by dividing the number of baritone singers by the total number of men
registered for singing lessons. It’s given that a total of 25 men registered for singing lessons and that there are 10 baritones.

Therefore, the probability of selecting a baritone from this group at random is , which is equivalent to 0.40.

Choice A is incorrect. This would be the probability of selecting a baritone at random if there were 100 total men who
registered for singing lessons. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a singer at random who isn’t a
baritone. Choice D is incorrect. This would be the probability of selecting a baritone at random if there were 15 total men
registered for singing lessons.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID bd90f87e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: bd90f87e
A table of the US minimum wage for 6 different years is shown below.

US
minimum
Year wage
(dollars
per hour)

1960 1.00

1970 1.60

1980 3.10

1990 3.80

2000 5.15

2010 7.25

What was the percent increase of the minimum

wage from 1960 to 1970?

A. 30%

B. 60%

C. 62.5%

D. 120%

ID: bd90f87e Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. According to the table, the minimum wage in 1960 was $1.00 per hour, and in 1970 it was $1.60 per

hour. The percentage change is therefore .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from averaging the two wages before calculating the percentage change. Choice C is
incorrect. This is the 1960 wage expressed as a percentage of the 1970 wage, not the percentage change between the two.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from a calculation error.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0ea56bb2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 0ea56bb2

Subscriptions
Year
sold

2012 5,600

2013 5,880

The manager of an online news service received the report above on the number of
subscriptions sold by the service. The manager estimated that the percent
increase from 2012 to 2013 would be double the percent increase from 2013 to
2014. How many subscriptions did the manager expect would be sold in 2014?

A. 6,020

B. 6,027

C. 6,440

D. 6,468

ID: 0ea56bb2 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The percent increase from 2012 to 2013 was , or 5%. Since the percent increase
from 2012 to 2013 was estimated to be double the percent increase from 2013 to 2014, the percent increase from 2013 to
2014 was expected to be 2.5%.
Therefore, the number of subscriptions sold in 2014 is expected to be the number of subscriptions sold in 2013 multiplied by
, or .

Choice A is incorrect and is the result of adding half of the value of the increase from 2012 to 2013 to the 2013 result.
Choice C is incorrect and is the result adding twice the value of the increase from 2012 to 2013 to the 2013 result. Choice D
is incorrect and is the result of interpreting the percent increase from 2013 to 2014 as double the percent increase from
2012 to 2013.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 90eed2e5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: 90eed2e5

A city has 50 city council members. A reporter polled a random sample of 20 city
council members and found that 6 of those polled supported a specific bill. Based
on the sample, which of the following is the best estimate of the number of city
council members in the city who support the bill?

A. 6

B. 9

C. 15

D. 30

ID: 90eed2e5 Answer

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Because a random sample of the city council was polled, the proportion of the sample who supported
the bill is expected to be approximately equal to the proportion of the total city council who supports the bill. Since 6 of the
20 polled, or 30%, supported the bill, it can be estimated that , or 15, city council members support the bill.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of city council members in the sample who supported the bill. Choice B is incorrect
and may result from a computational error. Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of city council members in the sample
of city council members who were not polled.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8e528129
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 8e528129

Pure beeswax has a density of 0.555 ounce per cubic inch. An online company
sells pure beeswax at a price of $8.00 per ounce. What is the selling price, in
dollars per cubic inch, for pure beeswax purchased from this company?

ID: 8e528129 Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 4.44. The selling price, in dollars per cubic inch, is found by multiplying the density, in ounces per cubic

inch, by the unit price, in dollars per ounce: yields . Thus, the selling price, in
dollars per cubic inch, is 4.44.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8736334b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 8736334b

Data set A and data set B each contain 5 numbers. If the mean of data set A is
equal to the mean of data set B, what is the value of x ?

A. 77

B. 85

C. 86

D. 95

ID: 8736334b Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. The mean of a data set is found by dividing the sum of the values in the data set by the number of values

in the data set. Therefore, the mean of data set A is , which simplifies to 74. The mean of data set

B is represented by the equation , or . It’s given that the mean of data set A is equal to the

mean of data set B. Therefore, the equation can be used to solve for x. Multiplying both sides of this
equation by 5 yields . Subtracting 284 from both sides of this equation yields .

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may result from calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0231050d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 0231050d

The line graph shows the total amount of snow, in inches, recorded each year in
Washington, DC, from 2003 to 2015. If is the percent decrease in the annual
snowfall from 2003 to 2007, what is the value of p ?

ID: 0231050d Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 75. The percent decrease between two values is found by dividing the difference between the two
values by the original value and multiplying by 100. The line graph shows that the annual snowfall in 2003 was 40 inches,
and the annual snowfall in 2007 was 10 inches. Therefore, the percent decrease in the annual snowfall from 2003 to 2007 is

, or 75. It’s given that this is equivalent to , so the value of p is 75.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID be35c117
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: be35c117

A wind turbine completes revolutions in minutes. At this rate, how many revolutions per minute does this turbine
complete?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: be35c117 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. Dividing the number of revolutions by the number of minutes gives the number of revolutions the turbine
completes per minute. It’s given that the wind turbine completes revolutions in minutes. Therefore, at this rate, this
turbine completes , or , revolutions per minute.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b680e76d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: b680e76d
A survey taken by 1,000 students at a school asked whether they played school sports. The table below summarizes all
1,000 responses from the students surveyed.

How many of the males surveyed responded that they do not play a school sport?

A. 109

B. 252

C. 468

D. 688

ID: b680e76d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. The table summarizes all 1,000 responses from the students surveyed. If 312 are males who play a
sport, 220 are females who play a sport, and 216 are females who do not play a sport, then 1,000 – 312 – 220 – 216 = 252
males who do not play a sport.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. If 109 males who do not play a sport responded, then the table summary would be 109 +
312 + 220 + 216 = 857 total student responses rather than 1,000. If 468 males who do not play a sport responded, then the
table summary would be 468 + 312 + 220 + 216 = 1,216 total student responses rather than 1,000. If 688 males who do not
play a sport responded, then the table summary would be 688 + 312 + 220 + 216 = 1,436 total student responses rather than
1,000.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 53d97af5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: 53d97af5

A study was done on the weights of different types of fish in a pond. A random
sample of fish were caught and marked in order to ensure that none were weighed
more than once. The sample contained 150 largemouth bass, of which 30%
weighed more than 2 pounds. Which of the following conclusions is best
supported by the sample data?

A. The majority of all fish in the pond weigh less than 2 pounds.

B. The average weight of all fish in the pond is approximately 2 pounds.

C. Approximately 30% of all fish in the pond weigh more than 2 pounds.

D. Approximately 30% of all largemouth bass in the pond weigh more than 2 pounds.

ID: 53d97af5 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The sample of 150 largemouth bass was selected at random from all the largemouth bass in the pond,
and since 30% of the fish in the sample weighed more than 2 pounds, it can be concluded that approximately 30% of all
largemouth bass in the pond weigh more than 2 pounds.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Since the sample contained 150 largemouth bass, of which 30% weighed more than 2
pounds, this result can be generalized only to largemouth bass in the pond, not to all fish in the pond.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d4413871
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: d4413871

Blood type

Rhesus factor A B AB O

33 9 3 37

7 2 1 x

Human blood can be classified into four common blood types—A, B, AB, and O. It is
also characterized by the presence or absence of the rhesus factor. The
table above shows the distribution of blood type and rhesus factor for a group of
people. If one of these people who is rhesus negative is chosen at random, the

probability that the person has blood type B is . What is the value of x ?

ID: d4413871 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 8. In this group, of the people who are rhesus negative have blood type B. The total number of
people who are rhesus negative in the group is , and there are 2 people who are rhesus negative with blood type

B. Therefore, . Combining like terms on the left-hand side of the equation yields .

Multiplying both sides of this equation by 9 yields , and multiplying both sides of this equation by
yields . Subtracting 10 from both sides of this equation yields .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 0301c5dc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 0301c5dc
The table below shows the number of state parks in a certain state that contain camping facilities and bicycle paths.

Has bicycle paths Does not have bicycle paths

Has camping facilities 20 5

Does not have camping facilities 8 4

If one of these state parks is selected at random, what is the probability that it has
camping facilities but does not have bicycle paths?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0301c5dc Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The total number of state parks in the state is . According to the table, 5 of these
have camping facilities but not bicycle paths. Therefore, if a state park is selected at random, the probability that it has

camping facilities but not bicycle paths is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the probability that a state park selected at random from the state parks with camping facilities
does not have bicycle paths. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability that a state park selected at random from the state
parks with bicycle paths does not have camping facilities. Choice D is incorrect. This is the probability that a state park
selected at random from the state parks without bicycle paths does have camping facilities.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c88e0663
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: c88e0663

For a school fund-raiser, 10 students sold a total of 90 boxes of cookies. Which of

the following can be calculated from this information?

A. The average number of boxes sold per student

B. The median number of boxes sold per student

C. The greatest number of boxes sold by one student

D. The least number of boxes sold by one student

ID: c88e0663 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The average can be found by dividing the total number of boxes sold by the number of students, which is

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Each results from choosing measures that require the results of individual students, which
are not given.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 3f2ee20a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 3f2ee20a
The results of two independent surveys are shown in the table below.
Men's Height
Group Sample size Mean (centimeters) Standard deviation (centimeters)

A 2,500 186 12.5

B 2,500 186 19.1

Which statement is true based on the table?

A. The Group A data set was identical to the Group B data set.

B. Group B contained the tallest participant.

C. The heights of the men in Group B had a larger spread than the heights of the men in Group A.

D. The median height of Group B is larger than the median height of Group A.

ID: 3f2ee20a Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Standard deviation is a measure of spread, so data sets with larger standard deviations tend to have
larger spread. The standard deviation of the heights of the men in Group B is larger than the standard deviation of the
heights of the men in Group A. Therefore, the heights of the men in Group B had a larger spread than the heights of the men
in Group A.

Choice A is incorrect. If two data sets are identical, they will have equivalent means and equivalent standard deviations.
Since the two data sets have different standard deviations, they cannot be identical. Choice B is incorrect. Without knowing
the maximum value for each data set, it’s impossible to know which group contained the tallest participant. Choice D is
incorrect. Since the means of the two groups are equivalent, the medians could also be the same or could be different, but
it's impossible to tell from the given information.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d0efc1dd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: d0efc1dd
15, 14, 18, 17, x

The mean and the median of the five numbers above are equal. Which of the
following is NOT a possible value of x ?

A. 6

B. 11

C. 16

D. 21

ID: d0efc1dd Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. If x is 6, then the five numbers in the given list are 15, 14, 18, 17, 6. The mean of these five numbers is the

sum of all the values divided by the number of values, or . The median of these five
numbers can be found by ordering the numbers from least to greatest and determining the middle value. When ordered from
least to greatest, the numbers in the given list are 6, 14, 15, 17, 18, and the middle value is 15. Since the mean is 14 and the
median is 15, the mean and median aren’t equal when x is 6.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. If any of these values is substituted for x, the mean and median of the data set would be
equal.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 190be2fc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 190be2fc

Data set A consists of positive integers less than . The list shown gives of the integers from data set A.
, , , , , , , ,
The mean of these integers is . If the mean of data set A is an integer that is greater than , what is the value of the
largest integer from data set A?

ID: 190be2fc Answer

Correct Answer: 52

Rationale
The correct answer is . The mean of a data set is calculated by dividing the sum of the data values by the number of
values. It’s given that data set A consists of values, of which are shown. Let represent the data value in data set
A, which isn’t shown. The mean of data set A can be found using the expression , or .
It’s given that the mean of the values shown is and that the mean of all numbers is greater than . Consequently,
the data value, , is larger than . It’s also given that the data values in data set A are positive integers less than .
Thus, . Finally, it’s given that the mean of data set A is an integer. This means that the sum of the data
values, , is divisible by . Thus, must have a ones digit of . It follows that must have a ones digit of .
Since and has a ones digit of , the only possible value of is . Since is larger than any of the integers
shown, the largest integer from data set A is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 3f236a64
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 3f236a64

x y

1 4

3 12

5 20

40 k

In the table above, the ratio of y to x for each ordered pair is

constant. What is the value of k ?

A. 28

B. 36

C. 80

D. 160

ID: 3f236a64 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. Since the ratio of y to x is constant for each ordered pair in the table, the first row can be used to

determine that the ratio of y to x is 4 to 1. The proportion can be used to solve for k. Multiplying each side of the
equation by 40 yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of y when the value of x is 7, not 40. Choice B is incorrect and may result from
subtracting 4 from 40 instead of multiplying 40 by 4. Choice C is incorrect and may result from incorrectly setting up the
proportion.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8705ecba
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 8705ecba

The cost of a certain shirt is $20 before a 5% sales tax is added. What is the total
cost, including sales tax, to purchase the shirt?

A. $20.05

B. $20.50

C. $21.00

D. $25.00

ID: 8705ecba Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. The total cost to purchase the shirt is the $20 cost of the shirt plus the 5% sales tax. The value of the 5%
sales tax on the $20 shirt is equivalent to , or $1. Therefore, the total cost to purchase the shirt is , or
$21.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from neglecting to multiply by $20 when finding the value of the sales tax. Choice B is
incorrect and may result from dividing by 10, instead of by 100, and then neglecting to multiply by $20 when finding the sales
tax. Choice D is incorrect and may result from interpreting the sales tax of 5% as $5.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID f8f79e11
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: f8f79e11

A park ranger asked a random sample of visitors how far they hiked during their
visit. Based on the responses, the estimated mean was found to be 4.5 miles, with
an associated margin of error of 0.5 miles. Which of the following is the best
conclusion from these data?

A. It is likely that all visitors hiked between 4 and 5 miles.

B. It is likely that most visitors hiked exactly 4.5 miles.

C. It is not possible that any visitor hiked less than 3 miles.

D. It is plausible that the mean distance hiked for all visitors is between 4 and 5 miles.

ID: f8f79e11 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The given estimated mean has an associated margin of error because from sample data, the population
mean can’t be determined precisely. Rather, from the sample mean, an interval can be determined within which it’s plausible
that the population’s mean is likely to lie. Since the estimated mean is 4.5 miles with an associated margin of error of 0.5
miles, it follows that between miles and miles, or between 4 and 5 miles, is plausibly the mean distance
hiked for all visitors.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Based on the estimated mean, no determination can be made about the number of miles
hiked for all visitors to the park.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 707db2d3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 707db2d3

For the finale of a TV show, viewers could use either social media or a text
message to vote for their favorite of two contestants. The contestant receiving
more than 50% of the vote won. An estimated 10% of the viewers voted, and 30%
of the votes were cast on social media. Contestant 2 earned 70% of the votes cast
using social media and 40% of the votes cast using a text message. Based on this
information, which of the following is an accurate conclusion?

A. If all viewers had voted, Contestant 2 would have won.

B. Viewers voting by social media were likely to be younger than viewers voting by text message.

C. If all viewers who voted had voted by social media instead of by text message, Contestant 2 would have won.

D. Viewers voting by social media were more likely to prefer Contestant 2 than were viewers voting by text message.

ID: 707db2d3 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. It is given that Contestant 2 earned 70% of the votes cast using social media and 40% of the votes cast
using a text message. Based on this information, viewers voting by social media were more likely to prefer Contestant 2 than
were viewers voting by text message.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. There is not enough information about the viewers to reach these conclusions.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c178d4da
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: c178d4da

Value Data set A frequency Data set B frequency

Data set A and data set B each consist of values. The table shows the frequencies of the values for each data set. Which
of the following statements best compares the means of the two data sets?

A. The mean of data set A is greater than the mean of data set B.

B. The mean of data set A is less than the mean of data set B.

C. The mean of data set A is equal to the mean of data set B.

D. There is not enough information to compare the means of the data sets.

ID: c178d4da Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The mean value of a data set is the sum of the values of the data set divided by the number of values in
the data set. When a data set is represented in a frequency table, the sum of the values in the data set is the sum of the
products of each value and its frequency. For data set A, the sum of products of each value and its frequency is
, or . It's given that there are values in data set A. Therefore, the mean
of data set A is , or approximately . Similarly, the mean of data B is , or approximately . Therefore, the
mean of data set A is greater than the mean of data set B.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9a144a01
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 9a144a01

Which of the following is true about the values of and

for ?

A. For all , it is true that .

B. For all , it is true that .

C. There is a constant c such that if , then , but if , then .

D. There is a constant c such that if , then , but if , then .

ID: 9a144a01 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. At , the value of is less than the value of , which is equivalent to . As
the value of x increases, the value of remains less than the value of until , which is when the two values are

equal: , which is equivalent to . Then, for , the value of is greater than the value of . So
there is a constant, 3, such that when , then , but when , then .

Choice A is incorrect because when . Choice B is incorrect because when . Choice D

is incorrect because when and when .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 457d2f2c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 457d2f2c

A data set of 27 different numbers has a mean of 33 and a median of 33. A new
data set is created by adding 7 to each number in the original data set that is
greater than the median and subtracting 7 from each number in the original data
set that is less than the median. Which of the following measures does NOT have
the same value in both the original and new data sets?

A. Median

B. Mean

C. Sum of the numbers

D. Standard deviation

ID: 457d2f2c Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. When a data set has an odd number of elements, the median can be found by ordering the values from
least to greatest and determining the middle value. Out of the 27 different numbers in this data set, 13 numbers are below
the median, one number is exactly 33, and 13 numbers are above the median. When 7 is subtracted from each number below
the median and added to each number above the median, the data spread out from the median. Since the median of this
data set, 33, is equivalent to the mean of the data set, the data also spread out from the mean. Since standard deviation is a
measure of how spread out the data are from the mean, a greater spread from the mean indicates an increased standard
deviation.

Choice A is incorrect. All the numbers less than the median decrease and all the numbers greater than the median increase,
but the median itself doesn’t change. Choices B and C are incorrect. The mean of a data set is found by dividing the sum of
the values by the number of values. The net change from subtracting 7 from 13 numbers and adding 7 to 13 numbers is
zero. Therefore, neither the mean nor the sum of the numbers changes.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c9fb15ad
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: c9fb15ad

Species of Growth
tree factor

Red maple 4.5

River birch 3.5

Cottonwood 2.0

Black walnut 4.5

White birch 5.0

American elm 4.0

Pin oak 3.0

Shagbark
7.5
hickory

One method of calculating the approximate age, in years, of a tree of a particular

species is to multiply the diameter of the tree, in inches, by a constant called the
growth factor for that species. The table above gives the growth factors for eight
species of trees. If a white birch tree and a pin oak tree each now have a diameter
of 1 foot, which of the following will be closest to the difference, in inches, of their
diameters 10 years from now? (1 foot = 12 inches)

A. 1.0

B. 1.2

C. 1.3

D. 1.4

ID: c9fb15ad Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. According to the given information, multiplying a tree species’ growth factor by the tree’s diameter is a
method to approximate the age of the tree. A white birch with a diameter of 12 inches (or 1 foot) has a given growth factor of
5 and is approximately 60 years old. A pin oak with a diameter of 12 inches (or 1 foot) has a given growth factor of 3 and is
approximately 36 years old. The diameters of the two trees 10 years from now can be found by dividing each tree’s age in 10

years, 70 years, and 46 years, by its respective growth factor. This yields 14 inches and inches. The difference between

and 14 is , or approximately 1.3 inches.

Alternate approach: Since a white birch has a growth factor of 5, the age increases at a rate of 5 years per inch or,

equivalently, the diameter increases at a rate of of an inch per year. Likewise, the pin oak has a growth factor of 3, so its

diameter increases at a rate of of an inch per year. Thus, the pin oak grows of an inch per year more than the white

birch. In 10 years it will grow of an inch more, which is approximately 1.3 inches.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and a result of incorrectly calculating the diameters of the two trees in 10 years.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6310adbc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 6310adbc

The ratio of t to u is 1 to 2, and .

What is the value of u ?

A. 2

B. 5

C. 10

D. 20

ID: 6310adbc Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that the ratio of t to u is 1 to 2. Since , it follows that the ratio of 10 to u is also 1 to 2. The

relationship between these ratios can be represented by the proportion . Multiplying both sides of this equation by
2 and then by u yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of u when . Choice B is incorrect. This would be the value of u if the ratio of t to u
were 2 to 1. Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of t, not u.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 63573fea
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 63573fea

During the first month of sales, a company sold 1,300,000 units of a certain type of
smartphone. During the same month, 15% of the units sold were returned. If sales
and the return rate remain the same for each of the next 5 months, about how
many units of this smartphone will be returned to the company during this 6-month
period?

A. 195,000

B. 975,000

C. 1,170,000

D. 6,630,000

ID: 63573fea Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Of the 1,300,000 units sold during the first month, 15% were returned, so
units were returned during the first month. If the units were sold and returned at the same rate for the next 5 months, then a
total of smartphone units were returned during the 6-month period.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of units that were returned in 1 month. Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of
units that were returned in 5 months. Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of units sold and not returned during the first
6 months.

Question Difficulty: Medium