Question ID 85939da5

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: 85939da5

Texting Talks on cell phone Does not talk on cell phone

behavior daily daily Total

Light 110 146 256

Medium 139 164 303

Heavy 166 74 240

Total 415 384 799

In a study of cell phone use, 799 randomly selected US teens were asked how often they talked on a cell phone and
about their texting behavior. The data are summarized in the table above. Based on the data from the study, an
estimate of the percent of US teens who are heavy texters is 30% and the associated margin of error is 3%. Which of
the following is a correct statement based on the given margin of error?

A. Approximately 3% of the teens in the study who are classified as heavy texters are not really heavy texters.

B. It is not possible that the percent of all US teens who are heavy texters is less than 27%.

C. The percent of all US teens who are heavy texters is 33%.

D. It is doubtful that the percent of all US teens who are heavy texters is 35%.

ID: 85939da5 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale

Choice D is correct. The given margin of error of 3% indicates that the actual percent of all US teens who are heavy texters is likely within 3% of the estimate of 30%, or
between 27% and 33%. Therefore, it is unlikely, or doubtful, that the percent of all US teens who are heavy texters would be 35%.

Choice A is incorrect. The margin of error doesn’t provide any information about the accuracy of reporting in the study. Choice B is incorrect. Based on the estimate and given
margin of error, it is unlikely that the percent of all US teens who are heavy texters would be less than 27%, but it is possible. Choice C is incorrect. While the percent of all US
teens who are heavy texters is likely between 27% and 33%, any value within this interval is equally likely. We can’t be certain that the value is exactly 33%.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e29586d5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: e29586d5

Number of Contestants by Score and Day

5 out 4 out 3 out 2 out 1 out 0 out
Total
of 5 of 5 of 5 of 5 of 5 of 5

Day 1 2 3 4 6 2 3 20

Day 2 2 3 5 5 4 1 20

Day 3 3 3 4 5 3 2 20

Total 7 9 13 16 9 6 60
The same 20 contestants, on each of 3 days, answered 5 questions in order to win a prize. Each contestant received 1 point for each correct answer. The number of
contestants receiving a given score on each day is shown in the table above.
No contestant received the same score on two different days. If a contestant is selected at random, what is the
probability that the selected contestant received a score of 5 on Day 2 or Day 3, given that the contestant received a
score of 5 on one of the three days?

ID: e29586d5 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is . It is given that no contestant received the same score on two different days, so each of the contestants who received a score of 5 is represented in
the “5 out of 5” column of the table exactly once. Therefore, the probability of selecting a contestant who received a score of 5 on Day 2 or Day 3, given that the contestant
received a score of 5 on one of the three days, is found by dividing the total number of contestants who received a score of 5 on Day 2 or Day 3 by the total number

of contestants who received a score of 5, which is given in the table as 7. So the probability is . Note that 5/7, .7142, .7143, and 0.714 are examples of ways to enter a
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 954943a4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 954943a4

Jennifer bought a box of Crunchy Grain cereal. The nutrition facts on the box state that a serving size of the cereal is

cup and provides 210 calories, 50 of which are calories from fat. In addition, each serving of the cereal provides
180 milligrams of potassium, which is 5% of the daily allowance for adults. If p percent of an adult’s daily allowance
of potassium is provided by x servings of Crunchy Grain cereal per day, which of the following expresses p in terms
of x ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 954943a4 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that each serving of Crunchy Grain cereal provides 5% of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium, so x servings would provide x times 5%. The
percentage of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium, p, is 5 times the number of servings, x. Therefore, the percentage of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium can be
expressed as .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from incorrectly converting 5% to its decimal equivalent, which isn’t necessary since p is expressed as a percentage.
Additionally, choices C and D are incorrect because the context should be represented by a linear relationship, not by an exponential relationship.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c7e73ece
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: c7e73ece
Views on Nuclear Energy Use
Response Frequency

Strongly favor 56

Somewhat favor 214

Somewhat oppose 104

Strongly oppose 37

A researcher interviewed 411 randomly selected US residents and asked about their views on the use of nuclear energy. The table above summarizes the responses of the
interviewees. If the population of the United States was 300 million when the survey was given, based on the sample data for the 411 US residents, what is the best estimate,
in millions, of the difference between the number of US residents who somewhat favor or strongly favor the use of nuclear energy and the number of those who somewhat
oppose or strongly oppose it? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)

ID: c7e73ece Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 94. Of those interviewed, “strongly favor” or “somewhat favor” the use of nuclear energy, and interviewees “somewhat
oppose” or “strongly oppose” the use of nuclear energy. The difference between the sizes of the two surveyed groups is . The proportion of this difference

among the entire group of interviewees is . Because the sample of interviewees was selected at random from US residents, it is reasonable to assume that the
proportion of this difference is the same among all US residents as in the sample. Therefore, the best estimate, in millions, of the difference between the number of US

residents who somewhat favor or strongly favor the use of nuclear energy and the number of those who somewhat oppose or strongly oppose it is , which to the
nearest million is 94.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d3b9c8d8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: d3b9c8d8

The box plots summarize the masses, in kilograms, of two groups of gazelles. Based on the box plots, which of the following statements must be true?

A. The mean mass of group 1 is greater than the mean mass of group 2.

B. The mean mass of group 1 is less than the mean mass of group 2.

C. The median mass of group 1 is greater than the median mass of group 2.

D. The median mass of group 1 is less than the median mass of group 2.

ID: d3b9c8d8 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale

Choice C is correct. The median of a data set represented in a box plot is represented by the vertical line within the box. It follows that the median mass of the gazelles in
group is kilograms, and the median mass of the gazelles in group is kilograms. Since kilograms is greater than kilograms, the median mass of group is
greater than the median mass of group .

Choice A is incorrect. The mean mass of each of the two groups cannot be determined from the box plots.

Choice B is incorrect. The mean mass of each of the two groups cannot be determined from the box plots.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 65c49824
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 65c49824

A school district is forming a committee to discuss plans for the construction of a new high school. Of those invited
to join the committee, 15% are parents of students, 45% are teachers from the current high school, 25% are school
and district administrators, and the remaining 6 individuals are students. How many more teachers were invited to
join the committee than school and district administrators?

ID: 65c49824 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 8. The 6 students represent of those invited to join the committee. If x people were invited to join the committee, then

. Thus, there were people invited to join the committee. It follows that there were teachers and school and district
administrators invited to join the committee. Therefore, there were 8 more teachers than school and district administrators invited to join the committee.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1ea09200
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 1ea09200

A sample of 40 fourth-grade students was selected at random from a certain school. The 40 students completed a
survey about the morning announcements, and 32 thought the announcements were helpful. Which of the following
is the largest population to which the results of the survey can be applied?

A. The 40 students who were surveyed

B. All fourth-grade students at the school

C. All students at the school

D. All fourth-grade students in the county in which the school is located

ID: 1ea09200 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Selecting a sample of a reasonable size at random to use for a survey allows the results from that survey to be applied to the population from which the
sample was selected, but not beyond this population. In this case, the population from which the sample was selected is all fourth-grade students at a certain school.
Therefore, the results of the survey can be applied to all fourth-grade students at the school.

Choice A is incorrect. The results of the survey can be applied to the 40 students who were surveyed. However, this isn’t the largest group to which the results of the survey
can be applied. Choices C and D are incorrect. Since the sample was selected at random from among the fourth-grade students at a certain school, the results of the survey
can’t be applied to other students at the school or to other fourth-grade students who weren’t represented in the survey results. Students in other grades in the school or other
fourth-grade students in the country may feel differently about announcements than the fourth-grade students at the school.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 0ea56bb2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 0ea56bb2

Subscriptions
Year
sold

2012 5,600

2013 5,880

The manager of an online news service received the report above on the number of subscriptions sold by the
service. The manager estimated that the percent increase from 2012 to 2013 would be double the percent increase
from 2013 to 2014. How many subscriptions did the manager expect would be sold in 2014?

A. 6,020

B. 6,027

C. 6,440

D. 6,468

ID: 0ea56bb2 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale

Choice B is correct. The percent increase from 2012 to 2013 was , or 5%. Since the percent increase from 2012 to 2013 was estimated to be double
the percent increase from 2013 to 2014, the percent increase from 2013 to 2014 was expected to be 2.5%.
Therefore, the number of subscriptions sold in 2014 is expected to be the number of subscriptions sold in 2013 multiplied by , or .

Choice A is incorrect and is the result of adding half of the value of the increase from 2012 to 2013 to the 2013 result. Choice C is incorrect and is the result adding twice the
value of the increase from 2012 to 2013 to the 2013 result. Choice D is incorrect and is the result of interpreting the percent increase from 2013 to 2014 as double the percent
increase from 2012 to 2013.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d4413871
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: d4413871

Blood type

Rhesus factor A B AB O

33 9 3 37

7 2 1 x

Human blood can be classified into four common blood types—A, B, AB, and O. It is also characterized by the
presence or absence of the rhesus factor. The table above shows the distribution of blood type and rhesus

factor for a group of people. If one of these people who is rhesus negative is chosen at random, the probability

that the person has blood type B is . What is the value of x ?

ID: d4413871 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 8. In this group, of the people who are rhesus negative have blood type B. The total number of people who are rhesus negative in the group is

, and there are 2 people who are rhesus negative with blood type B. Therefore, . Combining like terms on the left-hand side of the equation

yields . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 9 yields , and multiplying both sides of this equation by yields .
Subtracting 10 from both sides of this equation yields .
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 0231050d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 0231050d

The line graph shows the total amount of snow, in inches, recorded each year in Washington, DC, from 2003 to 2015.
If is the percent decrease in the annual snowfall from 2003 to 2007, what is the value of p ?

ID: 0231050d Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 75. The percent decrease between two values is found by dividing the difference between the two values by the original value and multiplying by 100.
The line graph shows that the annual snowfall in 2003 was 40 inches, and the annual snowfall in 2007 was 10 inches. Therefore, the percent decrease in the annual snowfall

from 2003 to 2007 is , or 75. It’s given that this is equivalent to , so the value of p is 75.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1e1027a7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 1e1027a7

The scatterplot above shows a company’s ice cream sales d, in dollars, and the high temperature t, in degrees
Celsius (°C), on 12 different days. A line of best fit for the data is also shown. Which of the following could be an
equation of the line of best fit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1e1027a7 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale

Choice D is correct. On the line of best fit, d increases from approximately 480 to 880 between and . The slope of the line of best fit is the difference in d-values

divided by the difference in t-values, which gives , or approximately 33. Writing the equation of the line of best fit in slope-intercept form gives
, where b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. This equation is satisfied by all points on the line, so when . Thus, , which is
equivalent to . Subtracting 396 from both sides of this equation gives . Therefore, an equation for the line of best fit could be .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from an error in calculating the slope and misidentifying the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph as the value of d at rather
than the value of d at . Choice B is incorrect and may result from using the smallest value of t on the graph as the slope and misidentifying the y-coordinate of the y-
intercept of the graph as the value of d at rather than the value of d at . Choice C is incorrect and may result from misidentifying the y-coordinate of the y-intercept
as the smallest value of d on the graph.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1e8ccffd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 1e8ccffd

The mean score of 8 players in a basketball game was 14.5 points. If the highest individual score is removed, the
mean score of the remaining 7 players becomes 12 points. What was the highest score?

A. 20

B. 24

C. 32

D. 36

ID: 1e8ccffd Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale

Choice C is correct. If the mean score of 8 players is 14.5, then the total of all 8 scores is . If the mean of 7 scores is 12, then the total of all 7 scores is
. Since the set of 7 scores was made by removing the highest score of the set of 8 scores, then the difference between the total of all 8 scores and the total of all
7 scores is equal to the removed score: .

Choice A is incorrect because if 20 is removed from the group of 8 scores, then the mean score of the remaining 7 players is is approximately 13.71, not 12.

Choice B is incorrect because if 24 is removed from the group of 8 scores, then the mean score of the remaining 7 players is is approximately 13.14, not 12.

Choice D is incorrect because if 36 is removed from the group of 8 scores, then the mean score of the remaining 7 players is or approximately 11.43, not 12.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 651d83bb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 651d83bb
Two different teams consisting of 10 members each ran in a race. Each member’s completion time of the race was recorded. The mean of the completion times for each
team was calculated and is shown below.
Team A: 3.41 minutes
Team B: 3.79 minutes

Which of the following MUST be true?

Every member of team A completed the race in less time than any member of team B.
The median time it took the members of team B to complete the race is greater than the median time it took the members of team A to complete the race.
There is at least one member of team B who took more time to complete the race than some member of team A.

A. III only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II, and III

ID: 651d83bb Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale

Choice A is correct. Since the average time for the 10 members of team A is 3.41 minutes, the sum of the 10 times for team A is equal to minutes. Since
the average time for the 10 members of team B is 3.79 minutes, the sum of the 10 times for team B is equal to minutes. Since the sum of the 10 times for
team B is greater than the sum of the 10 times for team A, it must be true that at least one of the times for team B must be greater than one of the times for team A. Thus,
statement III is true. However, it’s possible that at least some of the times for team A were greater than some of the times for team B. For example, all of team A’s times could
be 3.41 minutes, and team B could have 1 time of 3.34 minutes and 9 times of 3.84 minutes. Thus, statement I need not be true. It’s also possible that the median of the times
for team B is less than the median of the times for team A. For example, all of team A’s times could be 3.41 minutes, and team B could have 6 times of 3.37 minutes and 4
times of 4.42 minutes; then the median of team B’s times would be 3.37 minutes and the median of team A’s times would be 3.41 minutes. Thus, statement II need not be
true.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because neither statement I nor statement II must be true.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1142af44
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 1142af44

Value Frequency

1 a

2 2a

3 3a

4 2a

5 a

The frequency distribution above summarizes a set of data, where a is a positive integer. How much
greater is the mean of the set of data than the median?

A. 0

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

ID: 1142af44 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale

Choice A is correct. Since the frequencies of values less than the middle value, 3, are the same as the frequencies of the values greater than 3, the set of data has a symmetric
distribution. When a set of data has a symmetric distribution, the mean and median values are equal. Therefore, the mean is 0 greater than the median.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from misinterpreting the set of data.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 3638f413
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 3638f413

Jeremy deposited x dollars in his investment account on January 1, 2001. The amount of money in the account
doubled each year until Jeremy had 480 dollars in his investment account on January 1, 2005. What is the
value of x ?

ID: 3638f413 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 30. The situation can be represented by the equation , where the 2 represents the fact that the amount of money in the account doubled

each year and the 4 represents the fact that there are 4 years between January 1, 2001, and January 1, 2005. Simplifying gives . Therefore, .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d6af3572
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: d6af3572

The scatterplot above shows the federal-mandated minimum wage every 10 years between 1940 and 2010. A line of
best fit is shown, and its equation is . What does the line of best fit predict about the increase in
the minimum wage over the 70-year period?

A. Each year between 1940 and 2010, the average increase in minimum wage was 0.096 dollars.

B. Each year between 1940 and 2010, the average increase in minimum wage was 0.49 dollars.

C. Every 10 years between 1940 and 2010, the average increase in minimum wage was 0.096 dollars.

D. Every 10 years between 1940 and 2010, the average increase in minimum wage was 0.488 dollars.

ID: d6af3572 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale

Choice A is correct. The given equation is in slope-intercept form, or , where m is the value of the slope of the line of best fit. Therefore, the slope of the line of
best fit is 0.096. From the definition of slope, it follows that an increase of 1 in the x-value corresponds to an increase of 0.096 in the y-value. Therefore, the line of best fit
predicts that for each year between 1940 and 2010, the minimum wage will increase by 0.096 dollar per hour.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from using the y-coordinate of the y-intercept as the average increase, instead of the slope. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
using the 10-year increments given on the x-axis to incorrectly interpret the slope of the line of best fit. Choice D is incorrect and may result from using the y-coordinate of the
y-intercept as the average increase, instead of the slope, and from using the 10-year increments given on the x-axis to incorrectly interpret the slope of the line of best fit.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 457d2f2c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 457d2f2c

A data set of 27 different numbers has a mean of 33 and a median of 33. A new data set is created by adding 7 to
each number in the original data set that is greater than the median and subtracting 7 from each number in the
original data set that is less than the median. Which of the following measures does NOT have the same value in
both the original and new data sets?

A. Median

B. Mean

C. Sum of the numbers

D. Standard deviation

ID: 457d2f2c Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale

Choice D is correct. When a data set has an odd number of elements, the median can be found by ordering the values from least to greatest and determining the middle value.
Out of the 27 different numbers in this data set, 13 numbers are below the median, one number is exactly 33, and 13 numbers are above the median. When 7 is subtracted
from each number below the median and added to each number above the median, the data spread out from the median. Since the median of this data set, 33, is equivalent to
the mean of the data set, the data also spread out from the mean. Since standard deviation is a measure of how spread out the data are from the mean, a greater spread from
the mean indicates an increased standard deviation.

Choice A is incorrect. All the numbers less than the median decrease and all the numbers greater than the median increase, but the median itself doesn’t change. Choices B
and C are incorrect. The mean of a data set is found by dividing the sum of the values by the number of values. The net change from subtracting 7 from 13 numbers and
adding 7 to 13 numbers is zero. Therefore, neither the mean nor the sum of the numbers changes.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c9fb15ad
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: c9fb15ad

Species of tree Growth factor

Red maple 4.5

River birch 3.5

Cottonwood 2.0

Black walnut 4.5

White birch 5.0

American elm 4.0

Pin oak 3.0

Shagbark hickory 7.5

One method of calculating the approximate age, in years, of a tree of a particular species is to multiply the diameter
of the tree, in inches, by a constant called the growth factor for that species. The table above gives the growth
factors for eight species of trees. If a white birch tree and a pin oak tree each now have a diameter of 1 foot, which
of the following will be closest to the difference, in inches, of their diameters 10 years from now? (1 foot = 12
inches)

A. 1.0

B. 1.2

C. 1.3
 D. 1.4

ID: c9fb15ad Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. According to the given information, multiplying a tree species’ growth factor by the tree’s diameter is a method to approximate the age of the tree. A white
birch with a diameter of 12 inches (or 1 foot) has a given growth factor of 5 and is approximately 60 years old. A pin oak with a diameter of 12 inches (or 1 foot) has a given
growth factor of 3 and is approximately 36 years old. The diameters of the two trees 10 years from now can be found by dividing each tree’s age in 10 years, 70 years, and 46

years, by its respective growth factor. This yields 14 inches and inches. The difference between and 14 is , or approximately 1.3 inches.

Alternate approach: Since a white birch has a growth factor of 5, the age increases at a rate of 5 years per inch or, equivalently, the diameter increases at a rate of of an

inch per year. Likewise, the pin oak has a growth factor of 3, so its diameter increases at a rate of of an inch per year. Thus, the pin oak grows of an inch per year

more than the white birch. In 10 years it will grow of an inch more, which is approximately 1.3 inches.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and a result of incorrectly calculating the diameters of the two trees in 10 years.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c178d4da
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: c178d4da

Value Data set A frequency Data set B frequency

Data set A and data set B each consist of values. The table shows the frequencies of the values for each data set. Which of the following statements best compares the
means of the two data sets?

A. The mean of data set A is greater than the mean of data set B.

B. The mean of data set A is less than the mean of data set B.

C. The mean of data set A is equal to the mean of data set B.

D. There is not enough information to compare the means of the data sets.

ID: c178d4da Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale

Choice A is correct. The mean value of a data set is the sum of the values of the data set divided by the number of values in the data set. When a data set is represented in a
frequency table, the sum of the values in the data set is the sum of the products of each value and its frequency. For data set A, the sum of products of each value and its
frequency is , or . It's given that there are values in data set A. Therefore, the mean of data set A is , or
approximately . Similarly, the mean of data B is , or approximately . Therefore, the mean of data set A is greater than the mean of data set B.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors. Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 190be2fc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 190be2fc

Data set A consists of positive integers less than . The list shown gives of the integers from data set A. , , , , , , , ,
The mean of these integers is . If the mean of data set A is an integer that is greater than , what is the value of the largest integer from data set A?

ID: 190be2fc Answer

Correct Answer: 52

Rationale

The correct answer is . The mean of a data set is calculated by dividing the sum of the data values by the number of values. It’s given that data set A consists of values,
of which are shown. Let represent the data value in data set A, which isn’t shown. The mean of data set A can be found using the expression
, or . It’s given that the mean of the values shown is and that the mean of all numbers is greater than . Consequently, the
data value, , is larger than . It’s also given that the data values in data set A are positive integers less than . Thus, . Finally, it’s given that the mean of
data set A is an integer. This means that the sum of the data values, , is divisible by . Thus, must have a ones digit of . It follows that must have a
ones digit of . Since and has a ones digit of , the only possible value of is . Since is larger than any of the integers shown, the largest integer from
data set A is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 7b52985c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 7b52985c

The scatterplot shows the relationship between the length of time , in hours, a certain bird spent in flight and the number of days after January , .

What is the average rate of change, in hours per day, of the length of time the bird spent in flight on January to the length of time the bird spent in flight on January ?

ID: 7b52985c Answer

Correct Answer: 4.5, 9/2
Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that the scatterplot shows the relationship between the length of time , in hours, a certain bird spent in flight and the number of days after
January , . Since January is days after January , it follows that January corresponds to an x-value of in the scatterplot. In the scatterplot, when , the
corresponding value of is . In other words, on January , the bird spent hours in flight. Since January is days after January , it follows that January
corresponds to an x-value of in the scatterplot. In the scatterplot, when , the corresponding value of is . In other words, on January , the bird spent hours in
flight. Therefore, the average rate of change, in hours per day, of the length of time the bird spent in flight on January to the length of time the bird spent in flight on January
is the difference in the length of time, in hours, the bird spent in flight divided by the difference in the number of days after January , or , which is equivalent to .
Note that 9/2 and 4.5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4ff597db
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 4ff597db

The mean amount of time that the 20 employees of a construction company have worked for the company is
6.7 years. After one of the employees leaves the company, the mean amount of time that the remaining employees
have worked for the company is reduced to 6.25 years. How many years did the employee who left the company
work for the company?

A. 0.45

B. 2.30

C. 9.00

D. 15.25

ID: 4ff597db Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The mean amount of time that the 20 employees worked for the company is 6.7 years. This means that the total number of years all 20 employees worked
for the company is (6.7)(20) = 134 years. After the employee left, the mean amount of time that the remaining 19 employees worked for the company is 6.25 years. Therefore,
the total number of years all 19 employees worked for the company is (6.25)(19) = 118.75 years. It follows that the number of years that the employee who left had worked for
the company is 134 – 118.75 = 15.25 years.

Choice A is incorrect; this is the change in the mean, which isn’t the same as the amount of time worked by the employee who left. Choice B is incorrect and likely results
from making the assumption that there were still 20 employees, rather than 19, at the company after the employee left and then subtracting the original mean of 6.7 from that
result. Choice C is incorrect and likely results from making the assumption that there were still 20 employees, rather than 19, at the company after the employee left.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 585de39a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 585de39a

On May 10, 2015, there were 83 million Internet subscribers in Nigeria. The major Internet providers were MTN,
Globacom, Airtel, Etisalat, and Visafone. By September 30, 2015, the number of Internet subscribers in Nigeria had
increased to 97 million. If an Internet subscriber in Nigeria on September 30, 2015, is selected at random, the
probability that the person selected was an MTN subscriber is 0.43. There were p million MTN subscribers in Nigeria
on September 30, 2015. To the nearest integer, what is the value of p ?

ID: 585de39a Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 42. It’s given that in Nigeria on September 30, 2015, the probability of selecting an MTN subscriber from all Internet subscribers is 0.43, that there were p
million, or , MTN subscribers, and that there were 97 million, or 97,000,000, Internet subscribers. The probability of selecting an MTN subscriber from all

Internet subscribers can be found by dividing the number of MTN subscribers by the total number of Internet subscribers. Therefore, the equation can

be used to solve for p. Dividing 1,000,000 from the numerator and denominator of the expression on the left-hand side yields . Multiplying both sides of this
equation by 97 yields , which, to the nearest integer, is 42.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 7d68096f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 7d68096f

A trivia tournament organizer wanted to study the relationship between the number of points a team scores in a trivia round and the number of hours that a team practices
each week. For the study, the organizer selected teams at random from all trivia teams in a certain tournament. The table displays the information for the teams in the
sample that practiced for at least hours per week.

Number of points per round

Hours practiced
6 to 13 points 14 or more points Total

3 to 5 hours

More than 5 hours

Total
Which of the following is the largest population to which the results of the study can be generalized?

A. All trivia teams in the tournament that scored or more points in the round

B. The trivia teams in the sample

C. The trivia teams in the sample that practiced for at least hours per week

D. All trivia teams in the tournament

ID: 7d68096f Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the organizer selected teams at random from all trivia teams in the tournament. A table is also given displaying the information for the
teams in the sample that practiced for at least hours per week. Selecting a sample of a reasonable size at random to use for a survey allows the results from that survey to
be applied to the population from which the sample was selected, but not beyond this population. Thus, only the sampling method information is necessary to determine the
largest population to which the results of the study can be generalized. Since the organizer selected the sample at random from all trivia teams in the tournament, the largest
population to which the results of the study can be generalized is all trivia teams in the tournament.

Choice A is incorrect. The sample was selected at random from all trivia teams in the tournament, not just from the teams that scored an average of or more points per
round.

Choice B is incorrect. If a study uses a sample selected at random from a population, the results of the study can be generalized to the population, not just the sample.

Choice C is incorrect. If a study uses a sample selected at random from a population, the results of the study can be generalized to the population, not just a subset of the
sample.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 67c0200a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 67c0200a

The number is less than the positive number . The number is greater than . The number is how many times ?

ID: 67c0200a Answer

Correct Answer: .54, 27/50

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that the number is less than the positive number . Therefore, , which is equivalent to , or
. It's also given that the number is greater than . Therefore, , which is equivalent to , or . Since ,
substituting for in the equation yields , or . Thus, is times . Note that .54 and 27/50 are examples of ways to enter a
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 7d721177
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 7d721177

The density of a certain type of wood is kilograms per cubic meter. A sample of this type of wood is in the shape of a cube and has a mass of kilograms. To the
nearest hundredth of a meter, what is the length of one edge of this sample?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7d721177 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the density of a certain type of wood is kilograms per cubic meter , and a sample of this type of wood has a mass of .
Let represent the volume, in , of the sample. It follows that the relationship between the density, mass, and volume of this sample can be written
as , or . Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Therefore,
the volume of this sample is . Since it’s given that the sample of this type of wood is a cube, it follows that the length of one edge of this sample can be found using
the volume formula for a cube, , where represents the volume, in , and represents the length, in m, of one edge of the cube. Substituting for in this
formula yields . Taking the cube root of both sides of this equation yields , or . Therefore, the length of one edge of this sample to the nearest
hundredth of a meter is .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 308084c5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: 308084c5

Sample Percent in favor Margin of error

A 52% 4.2%

B 48% 1.6%

The results of two random samples of votes for a proposition are shown above. The samples were selected from
the same population, and the margins of error were calculated using the same method. Which of the following is the
most appropriate reason that the margin of error for sample A is greater than the margin of error for sample B?

A. Sample A had a smaller number of votes that could not be recorded.

B. Sample A had a higher percent of favorable responses.

C. Sample A had a larger sample size.

D. Sample A had a smaller sample size.

ID: 308084c5 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale

Choice D is correct. Sample size is an appropriate reason for the margin of error to change. In general, a smaller sample size increases the margin of error because the sample
may be less representative of the whole population.

Choice A is incorrect. The margin of error will depend on the size of the sample of recorded votes, not the number of votes that could not be recorded. In any case, the smaller
number of votes that could not be recorded for sample A would tend to decrease, not increase, the comparative size of the margin of error. Choice B is incorrect. Since the
percent in favor for sample A is the same distance from 50% as the percent in favor for sample B, the percent of favorable responses doesn’t affect the comparative size of
the margin of error for the two samples. Choice C is incorrect. If sample A had a larger margin of error than sample B, then sample A would tend to be less representative of
the population. Therefore, sample A is not likely to have a larger sample size.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 8637294f
ID: 8637294f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

If and , what is the value of ?

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,
and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 8637294f Answer

Correct Answer: .0625, 1/16

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that and . The equation can be rewritten as . Dividing both sides of this equation by
yields . The equation can be rewritten as . Substituting for in this equation yields , or .
Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Therefore, the value of is . Note
that .0625, 0.062, 0.063, and 1/16 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6626cac3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 6626cac3

Phone Email

Dinner dance 55% 80%

Football game 20% 10%

Picnic 20% 5%

Pool party 5% 5%

Total 100% 100%

An alumni association survey asked each high school graduate to select the one activity he or she preferred for the association’s next event. Some of the
people responded by phone, and the others responded by email. The table above shows the distribution of preferred activity, in percent, for each
response type used. For the survey, the number of email responses was twice the number of phone responses. If a person who preferred a picnic is
selected at random, what is the probability that the person responded by email?

ID: 6626cac3 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that the number of email responses is twice the number of phone responses. Therefore, if the number of phone responses is p, then the
number of email responses is . The table shows that 20% of people who responded by phone preferred a picnic. It follows that the expression represents the
number of these people. The table also shows that 5% of the people who responded by email preferred a picnic. The expression , or , represents the number of
these people. Therefore, a total of , or people preferred a picnic. Thus, the probability of selecting at random a person who responded by email from the

people who preferred a picnic is , or . Note that 1/3, .3333, and 0.333 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 3f775bbf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 3f775bbf

Power capacity
State
Low Medium High Total

Texas 4 2 3 9

California 1 0 1 2

Oregon 1 0 1 2

Indiana 0 2 0 2

Colorado 1 1 0 2

Iowa 2 0 0 2

Oklahoma 1 0 0 1

Total 10 5 5 20

The table shows the distribution, by location and power capacity (maximum rate of power generation) of the twenty
largest wind projects in the United States in 2013. The total power capacity of the nine wind projects located in
Texas was 4,952 megawatts (MW), and the total power capacity of the twenty wind projects was 11,037 MW in
2013. The amount of energy produced in one hour at a rate of one megawatt is one megawatt-hour. If each of the
nine Texas wind projects in 2013 had operated continuously for 24 hours at the maximum rate of power generation,
approximately how many megawatt-hours of energy would the nine projects have produced?

A. 200
 B. 5,000

C. 11,000

D. 120,000

ID: 3f775bbf Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the total power capacity of the nine wind projects in Texas was 4,952 megawatts. Therefore, if all nine Texas projects operated continuously
for 1 hour, the amount of energy produced would be 4,952 megawatt-hours. It follows that, if all nine Texas projects operated continuously for 24 hours, the amount of energy
produced, in megawatt-hours, would be , which is closest to 120,000.

Choice A is incorrect. This is approximately the amount of energy produced for the nine projects divided by 24 hours. Choice B is incorrect. This is approximately the amount
of energy produced for the nine projects. Choice C is incorrect. This is approximately the given amount of energy produced for all twenty projects in the table.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e821a26d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: e821a26d
The scatterplot below shows the amount of electric energy generated, in millions of megawatt-hours, by nuclear sources over a 10‑year period.

Of the following equations, which best models the data in the scatterplot?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e821a26d Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale

Choice D is correct. The data in the scatterplot roughly fall in the shape of a downward-opening parabola; therefore, the coefficient for the term must be negative. Based on
the location of the data points, the y-intercept of the parabola should be somewhere between 740 and 760. Therefore, of the equations given, the best model is
.

Choices A and C are incorrect. The positive coefficient of the term means that these equations each define upward-opening parabolas, whereas a parabola that fits the
data in the scatterplot must open downward. Choice B is incorrect because it defines a parabola with a y-intercept that has a negative y-coordinate, whereas a parabola that
fits the data in the scatterplot must have a y-intercept with a positive y-coordinate.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4a422e3e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 4a422e3e

To determine the mean number of children per household in a community, Tabitha surveyed 20 families at a
playground. For the 20 families surveyed, the mean number of children per household was 2.4. Which of the
following statements must be true?

A. The mean number of children per household in the community is 2.4.

B. A determination about the mean number of children per household in the community should not be made because the sample size is too small.

C. The sampling method is flawed and may produce a biased estimate of the mean number of children per household in the community.

D. The sampling method is not flawed and is likely to produce an unbiased estimate of the mean number of children per household in the community.

ID: 4a422e3e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. In order to use a sample mean to estimate the mean for a population, the sample must be representative of the population (for example, a simple random
sample). In this case, Tabitha surveyed 20 families in a playground. Families in the playground are more likely to have children than other households in the community.
Therefore, the sample isn’t representative of the population. Hence, the sampling method is flawed and may produce a biased estimate.

Choices A and D are incorrect because they incorrectly assume the sampling method is unbiased. Choice B is incorrect because a sample of size 20 could be large enough to
make an estimate if the sample had been representative of all the families in the community.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 2e92cc21
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 2e92cc21

The number is greater than the number . The number is less than . What is the value of ?

ID: 2e92cc21 Answer

Correct Answer: 9.87, 987/100

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that the number is greater than the number . It follows that , or . It’s also given that the number is
less than . It follows that , or , which yields . Substituting for in the equation yields , which is
equivalent to . Therefore, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 98958ae8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 98958ae8

Data set A consists of the heights of objects and has a mean of meters. Data set B consists of the heights of objects and has a mean of meters. Data set C
consists of the heights of the objects from data sets A and B. What is the mean, in meters, of data set C?

ID: 98958ae8 Answer

Correct Answer: 41

Rationale

The correct answer is . The mean of a data set is computed by dividing the sum of the values in the data set by the number of values in the data set. It’s given that data set
A consists of the heights of objects and has a mean of meters. This can be represented by the equation , where represents the sum of the heights of the
objects, in meters, in data set A. Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields , or meters. Therefore, the sum of the heights of the objects in
data set A is meters. It’s also given that data set B consists of the heights of objects and has a mean of meters. This can be represented by the equation
, where represents the sum of the heights of the objects, in meters, in data set B. Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields , or
meters. Therefore, the sum of the heights of the objects in data set B is meters. Since it’s given that data set C consists of the heights of the objects from data sets
A and B, it follows that the mean of data set C is the sum of the heights of the objects, in meters, in data sets A and B divided by the number of objects represented in data
sets A and B, or , which is equivalent to meters. Therefore, the mean, in meters, of data set C is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 5dc386fb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 5dc386fb
The table below shows the distribution of US states according to whether they have a state-level sales tax and a state-level income tax.
2013 State-Level Taxes
State sales tax No state sales tax

State income tax 39 4

No state income tax 6 1

To the nearest tenth of a percent, what percent of states with a state-level sales tax do not
have a state-level income tax?

A. 6.0%

B. 12.0%

C. 13.3%

D. 14.0%

ID: 5dc386fb Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale

Choice C is correct. The sum of the number of states with a state-level sales tax is . Of these states, 6 don’t have a state-level income tax. Therefore,

, or about 13.3%, of states with a state-level sales tax don’t have a state-level income tax.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of states that have a state-level sales tax and no state-level income tax. Choice B is incorrect. This is the percent of states that have a
state-level sales tax and no state-level income tax. Choice D is incorrect. This is the percent of states that have no state-level income tax.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID aa43b41f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: aa43b41f

Near the end of a US cable news show, the host invited viewers to respond to a poll on the show’s website that
asked, “Do you support the new federal policy discussed during the show?” At the end of the show, the host reported
that 28% responded “Yes,” and 70% responded “No.” Which of the following best explains why the results are unlikely
to represent the sentiments of the population of the United States?

A. The percentages do not add up to 100%, so any possible conclusions from the poll are invalid.

B. Those who responded to the poll were not a random sample of the population of the United States.

C. There were not 50% “Yes” responses and 50% “No” responses.

D. The show did not allow viewers enough time to respond to the poll.

ID: aa43b41f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. In order for the poll results from a sample of a population to represent the entire population, the sample must be representative of the population. A
sample that is randomly selected from a population is more likely than a sample of the type described to represent the population. In this case, the people who responded
were people with access to cable television and websites, which aren’t accessible to the entire population. Moreover, the people who responded also chose to watch the show
and respond to the poll. The people who made these choices aren’t representative of the entire population of the United States because they were not a random sample of the
population of the United States.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they present reasons unrelated to whether the sample is representative of the population of the United States.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 55818046
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 55818046
According to the 2010 Census, the adult population aged 18 years or greater of the United States in 2010 was 234,564,071. In 2010, a survey was conducted among a
randomly chosen sample of adults aged 18 years or greater in the United States about their preference to live in a warm climate or a cool climate. The table below displays a
summary of the survey results.
Climate Preferences
Warm Cool No preference Total

18–35 years old 295 168 45 508

36–50 years old 246 123 41 410

51–65 years old 238 117 48 403

Greater than 65 years old 137 78 64 279

Total 916 486 198 1,600

Which of the following is closest to the difference between the percentage of adults aged 18–50 years who
responded “warm” and the percentage of adults aged 51 years or greater who responded “warm”?

A. 4%

B. 5%

C. 10%

D. 18%
 ID: 55818046 Answer
Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The percentage of adults aged 18–50 who responded “warm” is , or about 58.9%. The percentage of adults aged 51 years or greater

who responded “warm” is , or about 55.0%. The difference between 58.9% and 55.0% is 3.9%. Of the answer choices, 4% is closest to this number.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d0430601
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: d0430601

Each dot in the scatterplot above represents the temperature and the number of people who visited a beach in
Lagos, Nigeria, on one of eleven different days. The line of best fit for the data is also shown. The line of best fit for
the data has a slope of approximately 57. According to this estimate, how many additional people per day are
predicted to visit the beach for each 5°C increase in average temperature?

ID: d0430601 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 285. The number of people predicted to visit the beach each day is represented by the y-values of the line of best fit, and the average temperature, in
degrees Celsius ( ), is represented by the x-values. Since the slope of the line of best fit is approximately 57, the y-value, or the number of people predicted to visit the beach
each day, increases by 57 for every x-value increase of 1, or every increase in average temperature. Therefore, an increase of in average temperature corresponds to
a y-value increase of additional people per day predicted to visit the beach.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6a715bed
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 6a715bed

The table summarizes the distribution of age and assigned group for participants in a study.

– years – years years Total

Group A

Group B

Group C

Total
One of these participants will be selected at random. What is the probability of selecting a participant from group A, given that the participant is at least years of age?
(Express your answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)

ID: 6a715bed Answer

Correct Answer: .3833, 23/60

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that one of the participants will be selected at random. The probability of selecting a participant from group A given that the participant is
at least years of age is the number of participants in group A who are at least years of age divided by the total number of participants who are at least years of age.
The table shows that in group A, there are participants who are – years of age and participants who are years of age. Therefore, there are , or ,
participants in group A who are at least years of age. The table also shows that there are a total of participants who are – years of age and participants who
are years of age. Therefore, there are a total of , or , participants who are at least years of age. It follows that the probability of selecting a participant from
group A given that the participant is at least years of age is . Note that 23/60, .3833, and 0.383 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 7ce2830a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Evaluating

and Data Analysis statistical claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 7ce2830a

A psychologist designed and conducted a study to determine whether playing a certain educational game increases
middle school students’ accuracy in adding fractions. For the study, the psychologist chose a random sample of 35
students from all of the students at one of the middle schools in a large city. The psychologist found that students
who played the game showed significant improvement in accuracy when adding fractions. What is the largest group
to which the results of the study can be generalized?

A. The 35 students in the sample

B. All students at the school

C. All middle school students in the city

D. All students in the city

ID: 7ce2830a Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale

Choice B is correct. The largest group to which the results of a study can be generalized is the population from which the random sample was chosen. In this case, the
psychologist chose a random sample from all students at one particular middle school. Therefore, the largest group to which the results can be generalized is all the students
at the school.

Choice A is incorrect because this isn’t the largest group the results can be generalized to. Choices C and D are incorrect because these groups are larger than the population
from which the random sample was chosen. Therefore, the sample isn’t representative of these groups.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 94237701
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 94237701
For a certain computer game, individuals receive an integer score that ranges from 2 through 10. The table below shows the frequency distribution of the scores of the 9
players in group A and the 11 players in group B.

Score Frequencies
Score
Group A Group B

2 1 0

3 1 0

4 2 0

5 1 4

6 3 2

7 0 0

8 0 2

9 1 1

10 0 2

Total 9 11
The median of the scores for group B is how much greater than the median of the scores for group A?

ID: 94237701 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 1. When there are an odd number of values in a data set, the median of the data set is the middle number when the data values are ordered from least to
greatest. The scores for group A, ordered from least to greatest, are 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, and 9. The median of the scores for group A is therefore 5. The scores for group B,
ordered from least to greatest, are 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 8, 8, 9, 10, and 10. The median of the scores for group B is therefore 6. The median score for group B is more than
the median score for group A.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 20b69297
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 20b69297

Anita created a batch of green paint by mixing 2 ounces of blue paint with 3 ounces of yellow paint. She must mix a
second batch using the same ratio of blue and yellow paint as the first batch. If she uses 5 ounces of blue paint for
the second batch, how much yellow paint should Anita use?

A. Exactly 5 ounces

B. 3 ounces more than the amount of yellow paint used in the first batch

C. 1.5 times the amount of yellow paint used in the first batch

D. 1.5 times the amount of blue paint used in the second batch

ID: 20b69297 Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that Anita used a ratio of 2 ounces of blue paint to 3 ounces of yellow paint for the first batch. For any batch of paint that uses the same ratio, the

amount of yellow paint used will be , or 1.5, times the amount of blue paint used in the batch. Therefore, the amount of yellow paint Anita will use in the second batch will
be 1.5 times the amount of blue paint used in the second batch.

Alternate approach: It’s given that Anita used a ratio of 2 ounces of blue paint to 3 ounces of yellow paint for the first batch and that she will use 5 ounces of blue paint for the

second batch. A proportion can be set up to solve for x, the amount of yellow paint she will use for the second batch: . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 3

yields , and multiplying both sides of this equation by x yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields . Since Anita will use 7.5 ounces of

yellow paint for the second batch, this is times the amount of blue paint (5 ounces) used in the second batch.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may result from incorrectly interpreting the ratio of blue paint to yellow paint used.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 34f8cd89
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 34f8cd89

of the items in a box are green. Of those, are also rectangular. Of the green rectangular items, are also metal. Which of the following is closest to the
percentage of the items in the box that are not rectangular green metal items?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 34f8cd89 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that of the items in a box are green. Let represent the total number of items in the box. It follows that , or , items in the box are
green. It's also given that of those, are also rectangular. Therefore, , or , items in the box are green rectangular items. It's also given that of the green
rectangular items, are also metal. Therefore, , or , items in the box are rectangular green metal items. The number of the items in the box that
are not rectangular green metal items is the total number of items in the box minus the number of rectangular green metal items in the box. Therefore, the number of items in
the box that are not rectangular green metal items is , or . The percentage of items in the box that are not rectangular green metal items is the
percentage that is of . If represents this percentage, the value of is , or . Of the given choices, is closest to the
percentage of items in the box that are not rectangular green metal items.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors. Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 8213b1b3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 8213b1b3

According to a set of standards, a certain type of substance can contain a maximum of phosphorus by mass. If a sample of this substance has a mass of
grams, what is the maximum mass, in grams, of phosphorus the sample can contain to meet these standards?

ID: 8213b1b3 Answer

Correct Answer: .0014

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that a certain type of substance can contain a maximum of phosphorus by mass to meet a set of standards. If a sample of the
substance has a mass of grams, it follows that the maximum mass, in grams, of phosphorus the sample can contain to meet the standards is of , or
, which is equivalent to , or . Note that .0014 and 0.001 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID af142f8d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: af142f8d

Amount invested Balance increase

Account A $500 6% annual interest

Account B $1,000 $25 per year

Two investments were made as shown in the table above. The interest in Account A is compounded once per
year. Which of the following is true about the investments?

A. Account A always earns more money per year than Account B.

B. Account A always earns less money per year than Account B.

C. Account A earns more money per year than Account B at first but eventually earns less money per year.

D. Account A earns less money per year than Account B at first but eventually earns more money per year.

ID: af142f8d Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale

Choice A is correct. Account A starts with $500 and earns interest at 6% per year, so in the first year Account A earns (500)(0.06) = $30, which is greater than the $25 that
Account B earns that year. Compounding interest can be modeled by an increasing exponential function, so each year Account A will earn more money than it did the previous
year. Therefore, each year Account A earns at least $30 in interest. Since Account B always earns $25 each year, Account A always earns more money per year than Account
B.

Choices B and D are incorrect. Account A earns $30 in the first year, which is greater than the $25 Account B earns in the first year. Therefore, neither the statement that
Account A always earns less money per year than Account B nor the statement that Account A earns less money than Account B at first can be true. Choice C is incorrect.
Since compounding interest can be modeled by an increasing exponential function, each year Account A will earn more money than it did the previous year. Therefore,
Account A always earns at least $30 per year, which is more than the $25 per year that Account B earns.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 54d93874
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 54d93874

Masses (kilograms)

Andrew 2.4 2.5 3.6 3.1 2.5 2.7

Maria x 3.1 2.7 2.9 3.3 2.8

Andrew and Maria each collected six rocks, and the masses of the rocks are shown in the table above. The mean of
the masses of the rocks Maria collected is 0.1 kilogram greater than the mean of the masses of the rocks Andrew
collected. What is the value of x ?

ID: 54d93874 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 2.6. Since the mean of a set of numbers can be found by adding the numbers together and dividing by how many numbers there are in the set, the mean

mass, in kilograms, of the rocks Andrew collected is , or 2.8. Since the mean mass of the rocks Maria collected is 0.1 kilogram
greater than the mean mass of rocks Andrew collected, the mean mass of the rocks Maria collected is kilograms. The value of x can be found by writing an

equation for finding the mean: . Solving this equation gives . Note that 2.6 and 13/5 are examples of ways to enter a correct
answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 79137c1b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 79137c1b

The scatterplot above shows the size x and the sale price y of 25 houses for sale in Town H. Which of the
following could be an equation for a line of best fit for the data?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 79137c1b Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale

Choice B is correct. From the shape of the cluster of points, the line of best fit should pass roughly through the points and . Therefore, these two points can

be used to find an approximate equation for the line of best fit. The slope of this line of best fit is therefore , or 100. The equation for the line of best
fit, in slope-intercept form, is for some value of b. Using the point , 1 can be substituted for x and 200 can be substituted for y: , or
. Substituting this value into the slope-intercept form of the equation gives .

Choice A is incorrect. The line defined by passes through the points and , both of which are well above the cluster of points, so it cannot be a
line of best fit. Choice C is incorrect. The line defined by passes through the points and , both of which lie at the bottom of the cluster of
points, so it cannot be a line of best fit. Choice D is incorrect and may result from correctly calculating the slope of a line of best fit but incorrectly assuming the y-intercept is
at .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9ba3e283
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: 9ba3e283

In State X, Mr. Camp’s eighth-grade class consisting of 26 students was surveyed and 34.6 percent of the students
reported that they had at least two siblings. The average eighth‑grade class size in the state is 26. If the students in
Mr. Camp’s class are representative of students in the state’s eighth-grade classes and there are 1,800 eighth-grade
classes in the state, which of the following best estimates the number of eighth‑grade students in the state who
have fewer than two siblings?

A. 16,200

B. 23,400

C. 30,600

D. 46,800

ID: 9ba3e283 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale

Choice C is correct. It is given that 34.6% of 26 students in Mr. Camp’s class reported that they had at least two siblings. Since 34.6% of 26 is 8.996, there must have been 9
students in the class who reported having at least two siblings and 17 students who reported that they had fewer than two siblings. It is also given that the average eighth-
grade class size in the state is 26 and that Mr. Camp’s class is representative of all eighth-grade classes in the state. This means that in each eighth-grade class in the state
there are about 17 students who have fewer than two siblings. Therefore, the best estimate of the number of eighth-grade students in the state who have fewer than two
siblings is 17 × (number of eighth-grade classes in the state), or .

Choice A is incorrect because 16,200 is the best estimate for the number of eighth-grade students in the state who have at least, not fewer than, two siblings. Choice B is
incorrect because 23,400 is half of the estimated total number of eighth-grade students in the state; however, since the students in Mr. Camp’s class are representative of
students in the eighth-grade classes in the state and more than half of the students in Mr. Camp’s class have fewer than two siblings, more than half of the students in each
eighth-grade class in the state have fewer than two siblings, too. Choice D is incorrect because 46,800 is the estimated total number of eighth-grade students in the state.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 8c5dbd3e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 8c5dbd3e

The number is greater than the number . The number is less than . What is the value of ?

ID: 8c5dbd3e Answer

Correct Answer: 189/4, 47.25

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that the number is greater than the number . It follows that , or . It’s also given that the number
is less than . It follows that , or , which yields . Substituting for in the equation yields ,
which is equivalent to . Therefore, the value of is . Note that 47.25 and 189/4 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9d935bd8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 9d935bd8

A survey was given to residents of all 50 states asking if they had earned a bachelor’s degree or higher. The results
from 7 of the states are given in the table above. The median percent of residents who earned a bachelor’s degree or
higher for all 50 states was 26.95%. What is the difference between the median percent of residents who earned a
bachelor’s degree or higher for these 7 states and the median for all 50 states?

A. 0.05%

B. 0.95%

C. 1.22%

D. 7.45%

ID: 9d935bd8 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale

Choice B is correct. The median of a set of numbers is the middle value of the set values when ordered from least to greatest. If the percents in the table are ordered from
least to greatest, the middle value is 27.9%. The difference between 27.9% and 26.95% is 0.95%.

Choice A is incorrect and may be the result of calculation errors or not finding the median of the data in the table correctly. Choice C is incorrect and may be the result of
finding the mean instead of the median. Choice D is incorrect and may be the result of using the middle value of the unordered list.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ecd09c38
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: ecd09c38
Employees working for a customer service line at an electric company recorded all the calls last Monday and noted whether the caller asked for repairs and whether the
caller asked about a bill. The results are summarized in the table below.

Asked for Did not ask

Total
repairs for repairs

Asked
48 623 671
about a bill

Did not ask

130 90 220
about a bill

Total 178 713 891

If a caller last Monday who asked about his or her bill is selected at random, which of the following is closest to the
probability that the customer also asked for repairs?

A. 0.05

B. 0.07

C. 0.20

D. 0.27

ID: ecd09c38 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale

Choice B is correct. According to the table, a total of 671 customers asked about a bill. Of these, 48 also asked for repairs. Therefore, if a customer who asked about a bill is

selected at random, the probability that the customer also asked for repairs is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the probability that a customer selected at random from all customers who called on Monday both asked for repairs and asked about a bill.
Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability that a customer selected at random from all customers who called on Monday asked for repairs, regardless of whether or not the
customer asked about a bill. Choice D is incorrect. This is the probability that a customer selected at random from those who asked for repairs also asked about a bill.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d6456c7a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: d6456c7a

A certain park has an area of square yards. What is the area, in square miles, of this park?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d6456c7a Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since mile is equal to yards, square mile is equal to , or , square yards. It’s given that the park has an area of
square yards. Therefore, the park has an area of , or square miles. Thus, the area, in square miles, of the park is
.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the square root of the area of the park in square yards, not the area of the park in square miles.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from converting yards to miles, rather than converting square yards to square miles.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9d95e7ad
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data:

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 9d95e7ad

The scatterplot above shows the numbers of grams of both total protein and total fat for eight sandwiches on a restaurant menu. The line of best fit for the data is also
shown. According to the line of best fit, which of the following is closest to the predicted increase in total fat, in grams, for every increase of 1 gram in total protein?

A. 2.5

B. 2.0

C. 1.5

D. 1.0

ID: 9d95e7ad Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale

Choice C is correct. The predicted increase in total fat, in grams, for every increase of 1 gram in total protein is represented by the slope of the line of best fit. Any two points
on the line can be used to calculate the slope of the line as the change in total fat over the change in total protein. For instance, it can be estimated that the points

and are on the line of best fit, and the slope of the line that passes through them is , or 1.4. Of the choices given, 1.5 is the closest to the slope of the
line of best fit.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may be the result of incorrectly finding ordered pairs that lie on the line of best fit or of incorrectly calculating the slope.

Question Difficulty: Hard