Chapter 2

Structure of Atom

Solutions

SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)

[Fundamental Particle]
1. In the Rutherford scattering experiment, the number of  particles scattered at an angle  = 60º is 12 per min.
The number of  particles per minute when scattered at an angle of 90º is
(1) 160 (2) 10 (3) 6 (4) 3
Sol. Answer (4)

1
Number of -particles scattered 
⎛⎞
sin4 ⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠

k [x = 12 -particles]
x
⎛⎞
sin4 ⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠

k sin  sin60 1
12  [ = 60°],   sin30 
⎛ 1⎞
4 2 2 2
⎜2⎟
⎝ ⎠

3
k
4

k
x' 
⎛ 90 ⎞
sin4 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠
x’ = 3

2. Out of X-rays, infrared rays, visible rays and microwaves, the largest frequency is of
(1) X-rays (2) IR rays (3) Visible (4) Microwaves
Sol. Answer (1)
X-rays > Visible > Infra-Red > Microwaves

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34 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

3. The number of quanta of radiation of frequency 4.98 × 1014 s–1 required to melt 100 g of ice are (latent
heat of melting of ice is 33 joule per g)
(1) 1020 (2) 1022 (3) 1024 (4) 6.023 × 1021
Sol. Answer (2)
∵ 1 g requires 33 J of heat
 100 g = 3300 J
En = nhn
3300 = n × 6.6 × 10–34 × 4.98 × 1014
n = 1022 photons
4. Calculate the wavelength of light required to break the bond between two Cl atoms in Cl2 molecules
((BE)Cl – Cl = 243 kJ mole–1)
(1) 8180 Å (2) 9860 Å (3) 4930 Å (4) 500 nm
Sol. Answer (3)
hc
E [E = 243 × 103 J mole–1]

6.6  1034  3  108  6.023  1023 ⎡ 243  103 ⎤
 ⎢E  ⎥
243  103 ⎣ 6.023  1023 ⎦
 = 4930 Å

[Photoelectric Effect and Bohr Model]

5. Graph of incident frequency with stopping potential in photoelectric effect is

   

(1) (2) (3) (4)

vs vs vs vs
Sol. Answer (1)
hn -– hn0 = eVs

e
  0  Vs
h
6. Photoelectric emission is observed from a surface when lights of frequency n1 and n2 incident. If the ratio of
maximum kinetic energy in two cases is K : 1 then (Assume n1 > n2) threshold frequency is
Kn1  n2 K 1 Kn2  n1
(1) (K – 1) × (Kn2 – n1) (2) (3) Kn  n (4)
1 K 1 2 K 1
Sol. Answer (4)
h1 = h0 + K.E1
or, h1 = h0 + K.E1
K.E1 = h(1 –0) …(i)
and K.E2 = h(2 – 0) …(ii)
⎡ K.E1 K ⎤
(i) ÷ (ii) ⎢  ⎥
⎣ K.E2 1 ⎦
K 1   0

1  2  0
⎛ K   1 ⎞
 0  ⎜ 2 ⎟
⎝ K 1 ⎠

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 35
7. The potential energy of an electron in hydrogen atom is –3.02 eV, its kinetic energy will be
(1) 1.51 eV (2) 15.10 eV (3) 13.6 eV (4) 1.36 eV
Sol. Answer (1)
P.E. = –3.02 eV
P.E. = 2E [K.E. = –E]
 P.E. = –2 K.E.

3.02
K.E. 
2
K.E. = 1.51
8. Radius of 2nd shell of He+ (where a0 – Bohr radius)
3
(1) 3a0 (2) a0 (3) a0 (4) 2a0
2
Sol. Answer (4)
a n2 a  4
r 0  0  2a0
Z 2
9. H line of Balmer series is 6500 Å. The wavelength of H is
(1) 4815 Å (2) 4298 Å (3) 7800 Å (4) 3800 Å
Sol. Answer (2)

1 ⎛ 1 1⎞
 RZ2 ⎜ 2  2⎟
 ⎝ n1 n2 ⎠
1 ⎛ 1 1⎞
 RZ2 ⎜ 2  2 ⎟ …(i)
6500 ⎝2 3 ⎠
1 ⎛ 1 1⎞
 RZ2 ⎜ 2  2 ⎟ …(ii)
' ⎝2 5 ⎠
(i) ÷ (ii)
1 1 5
 2
' 2
3  49
 2
6500 1 1 21
2
 2
2 5 100
' 5 100
 
6500 36 21
 = 4298.94Å = 4298 Å
10. An electron is moving in 3rd orbit of Li+2 and its separation energy is y. The separation energy of an electron
moving in 2nd orbit of He+ is
4y y y
(1) (2) (3) – (4) y
9 9 9
Sol. Answer (4)
Z2
En  13.6
n2
Z2
IE = En  13.6
n2
Z2 32
y  13.6 2
 13.6  2
n 3
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36 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

32
y  13.6  …(i)
32
y = 13.6
13.6Z 2
En  
n2
13.6  22
 = –13.6
22
Separation energy of electron moving in 2nd orbit of He+
= E – Eexcited
= 0 – (–13.6)
= +13.6 = y
11. An electron is moving in 3rd orbit of hydrogen atom. The frequency of moving electron is
(1) 2.19 × 1014 rps (2) 7.3 × 1014 rps (3) 2.44 × 1014 rps (4) 7.3 × 1010 rps
Sol. Answer (3)
2r
T
v
Z
v0 
n  v0 Z  Z  v0  Z
2
1 vn
n  
T 2rn n 2
2a0 n n 2
2a0 n 3
2a0
Z
2.18  106 m / sec 12
n 
2  3.14  0.529  10 10 m 33

n = 2.4 ×1014 rps

12. The wavelength of a spectral line for an electronic transition is inversely related to
(1) Number of electrons undergoing transition
(2) The nuclear charge of the atom
(3) Velocity of an electron undergoing transition
(4) The difference in the energy levels involved in the transition
Sol. Answer (4)
1
E 

13. In which of the following, maximum wavelength is emitted?
(1) 4 to 1 in H (2) 5 to 1 in He+ (3) 6 to 1 in Li+2 (4) 6 to 1 in Be+3
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact
14. The radius of 5th Bohr orbit in hydrogen atom is
r0 r0
(1) 5r0 (2) (3) 25r0 (4)
5 25
Sol. Answer (3)
n2r0
rn  [Z = 1 for hydrogen]
Z
r5 = 25r0

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 37
15. The velocity of electron moving in 3rd orbit of He+ is v. The velocity of electron moving in 2nd orbit of Li+2 is
9 4
(1) v (2) v (3) v (4) None of these
4 9
Sol. Answer (1)
Z
vn  v0 
n
2
He+ : vn  v0  …(i)
3

3
Li+2 : v n'  v 0  …(ii)
2
3
v0 
v n' 2  33  9

vn 2 2 2 4
v0 
3

9 9
v n'  vn = v
4 4
[Quantum Mechanical Model]
16. The mathematical expression which is true for the uncertainty principle is
h h h h
(1) (x) (v)  (2) (E) (x)  (3) () ()  (4) (x) (m) 
4 4 4 4
Sol. Answer (3)
According to uncertainty principle
h
x.P 
4
h
or E.t 
4
h
or  . 
4
17. Which of the following equation was suggested by de Broglie?

p
(1) 2r = n (2)   (3) r2 = n (4) 2r  nh
h 

Sol. Answer (1)

Circumference = n 

2r = n
18. The momentum of a particle which has a de Broglie wavelength of 0.1 nm is (h = 6.6 × 10–34 Js)
(1) 3.2 × 10–24 kg ms–1 (2) 4.3 × 10–22 kg ms–1
(3) 5.3 × 10–22 kg ms–1 (4) 6.62 × 10–24 kg ms–1

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38 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (4)

 = 0.1 × 10–9 m
h = 6.6 × 10–34
h h
 
mv p

6.6  10 34
 10–10 =
p

p = 6.6 × 10–24 kg ms–1

19. If radius of 2nd orbit is x then de Broglie wavelength in 4th orbit is given by
(1) 8 x (2) 2 x (3) 4 x (4) 6 x
Sol. Answer (2)
r2 = x

x 4x
 r1  and r4   2x
2 2
2r = n
 n = 2 × 2x [n = 2]
 = 2x
20. For a microscopic object x is zero than v will be (According to Heisenberg's principle)
(1) Zero (2) Infinite (3) 10–23 (4) 108
Sol. Answer (2)
h
x, m.v 
4
21. If E1, E2 and E3 represent respectively the kinetic energies of an electron,  particle and a proton, each having
same de Broglie’s wavelength then
(1) E1 > E3 > E2 (2) E2 > E3 > E1 (3) E1 > E2 > E3 (4) E1 = E2 = E3
Sol. Answer (1)
e = a = p
h

2mK.E
1
 K.E. 
m
∵ me < mp < ma
[Quantum Number]
22. With increasing principal quantum number, the energy difference between adjacent energy levels in atoms
(1) Decreases (2) Increases
(3) Remains constant (4) Decreases for low Z and increases for high Z
Sol. Answer (1)
The difference between 1st & 2nd shell in hydrogen atom is 10.2 eV.
23. How many electrons with l = 2 are there in an atom having atomic number 54?
(1) 3 (2) 10 (3) 14 (4) 20

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 39
Sol. Answer (4)
l = 2, i.e. d-orbital
Z = 54, 1s2 2s 2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6
 Number of electrons in d-orbital = 3d10 + 4d10 = 20e–
24. The maximum number of electrons possible in subshell is equal to
(1) 2l + 1 (2) 2n2 (3) 2l 2 (4) 4l + 2
Sol. Answer (4)
Number of electrons in a particular sub-level = 2(2l + 1) = 4l + 2.
25. In the emission line spectra of hydrogen atom, how many lines can be accounted for all possible electronic
transitions from 5th energy level within the atom?
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 10 (4) 20
Sol. Answer (3)
n(n  1)
Number of possible lines = [n = 5]
2
= 10 lines
26. Which set of quantum numbers is not consistent with theory?
1 1
(1) n = 2, l = 1, m = 0, s =  (2) n = 4, l = 3, m = 2, s = 
2 2
1 1
(3) n = 3, l = 2, m = 3, s =  (4) n = 4, l = 3, m = 3, s = 
2 2
Sol. Answer (3)
For n = 3
Possible values of m are –2, –1, 0, +1, +2.
27. The total number of electrons in a 4d subshell are
(1) 14 (2) 7 (3) 10 (4) 32
Sol. Answer (3)
d = 10e–
28. The correct set of quantum numbers for the unpaired electron of chlorine atom is
(1) n = 2, l = 1, m = 0 (2) n = 2, l = 1, m = 1
(3) n = 3, l = 1, m = 1 (4) n = 3, l = 0, m = 0
Sol. Answer (3)

17Cl  1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5

For last electron of Cl atom
n = 3, l = 1, m = 1
29. The electron identified by quantum numbers n and l
(i) n = 4, l = 1 (ii) n = 4, l = 0
(iii) n = 3, l = 0 (iv) n = 3, l = 1
Can be placed in order of increasing energy
(1) (iii) < (iv) < (i) < (ii) (2) (iii) < (iv) < (ii) < (i)
(3) (i) < (iii) < (ii) < (iv) (4) (iii) < (i) < (iv) < (ii)
Sol. Answer (2)
Higher the value of (n + l) more will be energy.

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40 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

30. Which of the following represent(s) the correct set of four quantum numbers of a 4d electron?
1 1 1 1
(1) 4, 3, 2,  (2) 4, 2, 1,  (3) 4, 3, –2,  (4) 4, 1, 1, 
2 2 2 2
Sol. Answer (2)
For 4d electrons
n = 4, l = 2
1
31. How many 3d electrons can have spin quantum number  ?
2
(1) 5 (2) 7 (3) 8 (4) 10
Sol. Answer (1)

3d 

1
5e– = +
2
1
5e– = –
2
32. The total number of orbitals in a shell with principal quantum number n is
(1) 2n (2) n2 (3) 2n2 (4) n + 1
Sol. Answer (2)
Factual.
33. Which of the following ion has the maximum magnetic moment?
(1) Mn3+ (2) Cu2+ (3) Fe3+ (4) V3+
Sol. Answer (3)
Fe3+  [Ar] 3d5

Magnetic moment = n(n  2) BM

 Greater number of unpaired electrons higher the magnetic moment.
34. Which of the following has the same number of s-electrons as the d-electrons in Fe2+?
(1) Li (2) Ca (3) N (4) P
Sol. Answer (4)
Fe2+ has 6 d-electrons. P also has 6s-electrons.
P-15-1s22s22p63s23p3
35. The total spin resulting from d9 configuration is
9 5 1
(1) (2) 2 (3) (4)
2 2 2
Sol. Answer (4)

d9
Number of unpaired n = 1
1 1 1
∑s  n  1 
2 2 2

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 41
36. The orbital diagram in which Hund’s rule and Aufbau principle is violated is

(1)    (2)     (3)     (4)   

Sol. Answer (4)

  
Hund’s rule is violated

   
Hund’s rule is violated
   
Pauli’s exclusion principle violated
  
Aufbau principle and Hund’s rule both violated
37. Which electronic configuration is not allowed for a neutral atom or an ion in ground state?
(1) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 (2) 1s2 2s1 2p6 3d5 (3) 1s2 2s2 2p6 (4) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Sol. Answer (2)
1s2 2s1 2p6 3d5 is not allowed because in 2s there should be 2 electrons i.e. 2s2
38. Choose the correct statement
(1) Ionisation energy of H is equal to 1H2 (2) Ionisation energy of 1H1 is greater than 1H2
(3) Ionisation energy of 1H2 is greater than 1H1 (4) IE of 1H1 may be greater than or less than 1H2
Sol. Answer (3)
For isotope, heavier isotopes have high I.E.
3
zr
1 ⎛ z ⎞2 ⎛ zr ⎞  2a0
39. For 2s orbital  r  ⎜ ⎟ ⎜2  ⎟e then, hydrogen radial node will be at the distance of
8 ⎝ a0 ⎠ ⎝ a0 ⎠
a0 a0
(1) a0 (2) 2a0 (3) (4)
2 3
Sol. Answer (2)
2
At 2a0,   0

40. How many nodal planes are present in 4dz2 ?

(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) Zero (4) 3

Sol. Answer (3)
Due to its shape.
41. The kinetic energy of an electron in the second Bohr orbit of a hydrogen atom is [a0 is Bohr radius]
[IIT-JEE 2012]
2 2 2 2
h h h h
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 ma02
2
162ma02 322ma02 642ma02
Sol. Answer (3)
Centripital force = Coulombic force of attraction
mV 2 KZe2
=
r r2
KZe2
V2 =
mr

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42 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

nh
V=
2mr
n 2 h2
V2 =
4  2 m2 r 2
KZe2 n 2 h2 ⎛ h2 ⎞ n2 a 0 n 2
  ⇒ r  ⎜ 2 ⎟

mr 4 2 m2 r 2 ⎝ 4 mKe ⎠ Z
2
Z
hZ
Vn = 2ma n
0

1 h2 Z 2 h2
K.E. = mv n2  2 2 2 ; K.E. (for x = 2 and Z = 1) =
2 8 ma0n 322ma02
42. P is the probability of finding the 1s electron of hydrogen atom in a spherical shell of infinitesimal thickness,
dr at a distance r from the nucleus. The volume of this shell is 4r2dr. The qualitative sketch of the dependence
of P on r is [JEE(Advanced)-2016]

P P P P

(1) (2) (3) (4)

0 r 0 r 0 r 0 r
Sol. Answer (1)
Radial probability function curve for 1s is

Here ‘P’ is 4 r 2  r2 dr

SECTION - B

Objective Type Questions (More than one options are correct)

1. Choose the correct statements

(1) The nature of cathode rays does not depend on the nature of gas taken in discharge tube
(2) Anode rays cause sputtering when incident on metal
(3) Cathode rays produce X rays when they are abruptly stopped by metallic obstacle and nature of X rays
produced depends only on metal and not on cathode rays
(4) The degree of deflection in same magnetic field vary in case of anode rays produced from different gases
taken in discharge tube
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 4)
Nature of anode rays (not cathode rays) depend on nature of gas taken in discharge tube.
Anode rays sputter when incident on metal
For different gases, charge on particles produced is different, hence deflection will be different

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 43
2. Which is/are incorrect observations related to photoelectric effect?
(1) When intensity of light is increased then kinetic energy of photoelectron increases
(2) If frequency of incident light is less than threshold frequency, photoelectron is ejected from the metal surface,
if we increase the intensity of light
(3) Number of photoelectrons ejected is proportional to the frequency of incident light only
(4) When frequency of light is increased, velocity of photoelectron increased
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
Kinetic energy  frequency.
Number of photoelectrons  Intensity.
Photoelectric current  Intensity.
If frequency of incident light is less than threshold, photoelectron cannot be emitted by increasing intensity
of light.
3. The work function for Ag metal is 7.5 × 10–19 J. Ag metal is being exposed to the light of frequency 1220 Å.
Which is/are correct statements?
(1) Threshold frequency of metal is 1.135 × 1015 s–1
(2) Threshold frequency of metal is 8.33 × 1015 s–1
(3) Stopping potential is 5.46 volt
(4) If light of wavelength 3600 Å is used then photoelectric effect take place
Sol. Answer (1, 3)
w = 7.5 × 10–19 J
 = 1220 Å
w = h0

w 7.5  10 19 J
 0   34
h 6.67  10 J s
0 = 1.135 × 1015 s–1
hc hc 1
  mv 2
 0 2

⎛1 ⎞
⎜ 2 mv  ev ⎟
2

⎝ ⎠
hc hc
   ev
 0

hc h 0
v 
e e
6.6  1034  3  108 6.6  1034  1.135  1015
 
1.6  1019  360  1010 1.6  1019
= 34.375 – 4.68
h0 + 1.6 × 10–19  5.46
7.49  10–19 + 8.736  10–19
6.6  1034  3  1010
1.6226  108 

 = 1.220 × 10–7

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44 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

  = 1220 × 10–7 m
  1220 Å

c 3  108
 
 1220  107
 = 2.45 × 1012
4. Photoelectric effect can be represented as

(1) (2)
log ( – 0) log ( – 0)
log KE log KE

(3) (4)

log ( – 0 ) log ( – 0)

log KE log KE

Sol. Answer (3)

Factual (see graph).
5. In a certain electronic transition in hydrogen atom from an initial state to a final state, the difference of orbit radius
is 8 times the first Bohr radius. Which transition does not satisfy the given condition?
(1) 7  1 (2) 6  1 (3) 5  1 (4) 3  1
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
n2
rn  a0 
z
72 12
r7  r1  a0   a0  = a0 (49 – 1) = a0. 48
1 1
62 12
r6  r1  a0   a0  = a0 .35
1 1
52 12
r5  r1  a0   a0  = a0 .24
1 1
6. Choose the correct statement regarding Bohr model.

0.529 n2
(1) It introduce the concept of quantisation of energy (2) Radius of shell is given by r  Å
z
22Me 4 z2k 2
(3) K.E. of electron is given by (4) Two isotopes have same ionisation energy
n2 h2
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
KE will be positive and isotopes have different ionization energies.
7. Which statement is/are correct about hydrogen spectrum?
(1) Energy of 2nd orbit is different for 1H1, 1H2 and 1H3
(2) Visible spectrum can be obtained in Lyman series and Balmer series
(3) Infrared spectrum is obtained in Paschen, Brackett and Pfund series
(4) Total number of emission lines obtained in Balmer series is n – 2, where n is principal quantum number
and n > 2
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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 45
Sol. Answer (1, 3, 4)
Since masses are different, hence, 2nd orbit of 1H1, 1H2, 1H3 will have different energies.
Lyman – UV
Balmer – Visible
Paschen ⎤
Brackett ⎥ Infrared
⎥
Pfund ⎦

Number of lines = 1 = 3 –2 = n – 2 Number of lines = 2 = 4 – 2 = n – 2

for n > 2 for n > 2
8. th
In hydrogen atom, electron is present in 6 energy level, which is/are correct about the hydrogen spectrum?
(1) Total 15 emission lines are observed in spectrum
(2) 4 emission lines belong to Lyman series and 5 emission lines belong to Balmer series
(3) 2 emission lines belong to Brackett series and 3 emission lines belong to Paschen series
(4) One emission line belongs to Humphrey series
Sol. Answer (1, 3)
6(6  1) 30
Total emission lines = =  15
2 2

9. Velocity of an electron in the second stationary orbit of hydrogen atom is

(1) Equal to velocity of light

1
(2) Equal to times velocity of light
137

(3) Equal to velocity of an electron in sixth stationary orbit of Li+2

1
(4) Equal to times of the velocity of light
274
Sol. Answer (3, 4)
2r = n

h
2r2 = n
mv
n2 h
2a0  n
Z mv
n h
2a0  
Z mv

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46 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

hZ
v
2a0  nm

h 1
v
2a0  2  m

h
v
4a0m
a0 = Bohr’s radius
For sixth orbit of Li+2
h3
v'  for Li, Z = 3
2a0  6 m

h h
 
2a0  2 m 4a0m

h 6.6  10 34
v 
4a0m 4  3.14  0.529  10 –10  9.1 10 31
v = 1.09 × 10–6 m/s
c
= 1.09 × 106 m/s
274
10. Choose the correct match.
(1)  line in Lyman series in H – U.V. (2)  line in Balmer series in He+ – U.V.
(3)  line in Balmer series in H – Visible (4)  line in Paschen series in H – Infrared
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
For He+ (Z = 2)

⎛1 ⎞
Lines of Balmer series are observed in U.V region ⎜  z2 ⎟ .
⎝ ⎠
11. Energy of level 1, 2, 3 of a certain atom corresponds to increasing value of energy E1 < E2 < E3. If
1, 2 and 3 are the wavelength of radiation corresponding to transition 3  2, 2  1 and 3  1 respectively.
Which of following statement is/are correct?
1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3
(1)   (2)  3  (3)   (4)  2 
 3 1  2 1   2  2 1  3 1   2
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
3 2
hc
E 
1
hc
E3  E 2  …(i)
1
21
hc
E2  E1  …(ii)
2
31
hc
E3  E1  …(iii)
3
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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 47
(i) + (ii) = (iii)
hc hc hc
 
1  2  3
1 1 1
 
 3 1  2
1 2
3 
1   2
12. An electron is moving in 3rd orbit of hydrogen atom and radius of first orbit is x then
(1) de-Broglie wavelength is 6x (2) de-Broglie wavelength is 2x
h h
(3) Velocity of electron is (4) Velocity of electron is
6 xm 2xm
Sol. Answer (1, 3)
2r3 = n
n2
2a0   n
Z
32
2a0   3
1
 = 6a0
 = 6x ∵ a0 = x
h

mv
h h
v 
m 6xm
13. Which of the following suggested de-Broglie wavelength(s) is/are possible for electron in a Bohr orbit of hydrogen
atom?
(1) 19.92 Å (2) 9.96 Å (3) 4.98 Å (4) 3.32 Å
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 4)
2r = n
2r 2  3.14  0.529
 =
n 1
  = 3.32 Å
For 2nd orbit
n2
n = 2 , r  a0 
Z
a0 = 0.529
n2
2a0 
Z ⎛ n2 ⎞
 ⎜∵ r  a0  ⎟
n ⎝ Z⎠
2a0n
 = 3.32 n
Z
 = 3.32 × 2 = 6.64 Å
for n = 3  = 3.32 × 3 = 9.96 Å
for n = 6  = 3.32 × 6 = 19.92 Å
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48 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

14. | 2 | can have

(1) Any value from zero to 1 (2) Any value from –1 to +1

(3) A positive non-zero value (4) A non-zero value
Sol. Answer (1)
15. Choose the correct pair regarding properties given in bracket.
(1) 4d > 5s (angular node) (2) 4s = 4p (energy in hydrogen)
(3) 3d > 4s (radial node) (4) 4s > 3s (radial node)
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 4)
Fact.
16. Which orbital/orbitals cannot exist?
(1) 2d (2) 1p (3) 3g (4) 4f
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)

Those orbitals do not exist for which n  l .

17. Electronic configuration of an atom
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1

2 2 6 2
1s 2s 2p 3s

6 5 1
3p 3d 4s
Choose the correct statement regarding this E.C.
(1) It represents the ground state of Cr (2) It violates Aufbau principle
(3) It violates Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity (4) It is not a stable E.C.
Sol. Answer (2, 3, 4)
The given electronic configuration violates Hund’s rule and Aufbau principle. Therefore, it does not represent
ground state electronic configuration of any atom.
18. In which of the following orbital/orbitals radial node and angular nodes are same?

(1) 4p (2) 3p (3) 5d (4) 6f

Sol. Answer (2, 3)

n – l –1 = no. of radial nodes;

Subshell l
l = no. of angular nodes. s 0
n – 1 = Total no. of nodes p 1
d 2
n – l – 1 = l  n – 1 = 2l
f 3
Subshell n–1 2l
4p 4–1 2×1
3p 3–1= 2×1
5d 5–1= 2×2
6f 6–1 2×3

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 49
19. How many degenerate orbitals are present in a subshell if electron associated with that subshell possesses
orbital angular momentum  2 3 ?

(1) No degenerate orbitals

(2) Seven degenerate orbitals

(3) Three degenerate orbitals

(4) Number of degenerate orbitals are same as in subshell which possesses μL = 3.46 B.M.

Sol. Answer (2, 4)

h h
l (l  1) 2 3 2 3
2 2
l(l + 1) = 12
l 2 + l – 12 = 0
(l + 4) (l – 3) = 0
l = 3  f subshell
f subshell has 7 degenerate orbitals

µL  l(l  1) BM
3.46  l(l  1)
11.97 = l(l + 1)
l(l + 1) = 12
l2 + l – 12 = 0
(l + 4) (l – 3) = 0
l = 3  f subshell has
f subshell has 7 degenerate orbital.
20. Which of the following species have same magnetic moment?
(1) Cr+3 (2) Fe+3 (3) Co+2 (4) Ni+2
Sol. Answer (1, 3)
Cr (24) = 4s1 3d5
Cr+3 = 3d3

3 unpaired
Fe (26) = 4s2 . 3d6
Fe+3 = 3d5

5 unpaired
Co(27) = 4s2 3d7
Co+2 = 3d7

3 unpaired
Ni (28) = 4s2 3d8
Ni+2 = 3d8

2 unpaired
Cr+3 and Co+2 have same number of unpaired electron, hence, same magnetic moment

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50 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension I
The energy of nth orbit is given by

Rhc
En 
n2
When electron jumps from one orbit to another orbit then wavelength associated with the radiation is given by

1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
 RZ 2 ⎜ 2  2 ⎟
 ⎜n ⎟
⎝ 1 n2 ⎠
1. When electron of 1.0 g atom of hydrogen undergoes transition giving the spectral line of lowest energy in visible
region of its atomic spectra, the wavelength of radiation is
(1) 6564 Å (2) 3640 Å (3) 5000 Å (4) 4312 Å
Sol. Answer (1)
1 ⎛ 1 1⎞
 R⎜  ⎟
 ⎝4 9⎠
1 R5

 36
36

5R
36

5  1.097  107
 = 6.563 × 10–7m

= 6563 Å

2. The series that belongs to visible region is

(1) Lyman Series (2) Balmer Series (3) Pfund Series (4) Humphrey Series
Sol. Answer (2)
Balmer series belong to visible region
3. The ratio of wavelength H of Lyman Series and H of Pfund Series is
(1) 54.7 : 1 (2) 0.0183 : 1 (3) 61.4 : 1 (4) 0.0163 : 1
Sol. Answer (4)
1 ⎛1 1⎞
 RZ2 ⎜ 2  2 ⎟ …(i)
1 ⎝1 2 ⎠
1 ⎛ 1 1⎞
 RZ2 ⎜ 2  2 ⎟ …(ii)
2 ⎝5 6 ⎠
Divide equation (i) by (ii)
1
1
2 4

1 1 1

25 36

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 51
11
1 25  36

2 3
4
1 11 4
 
 2 25  36 3
1 0.0163

2 1

1 : 2 = 0.0163 : 1
Comprehension II
In photoelectric effect, light of certain frequency (> threshold frequency) is incident on a metal surface, whereby,
an e– (with certain K.E.) moves towards the collector plate and a flow of current is initiated. In order to stop the
current flow, an opposite potential, on the two metal plates, is applied.
1. The work function of a metal is 4 eV. If light of frequency 2.3 × 1015 Hz is incident on metal surface, then,
(1) No photoelectron will be ejected
(2) 2 photoelectron of zero kinetic energy are ejected
(3) 1 photoelectron of zero kinetic energy is ejected
(4) 1 photoelectron is ejected, which required the stopping potential of 5.52 volt
Sol. Answer (4)
hc
E

E = h = 6.67 × 10–34 × 2.3 × 1015
E = 1.51 × 10–18

1.51 1018
E (eV) 
1.6  1019
E(eV) = 9.52
∵ E > work function
Hence photoelectron will eject
1
E  w  mv 2
2
E = w + eV
9.52 = 4 + eV
eV = 5.52 eV
V = 5.52 V
2. The work function of metal is 6 eV. If light of frequency 1 × 1015 Hz is incident on the metal, intensity of light
is increased 4 times, then
(1) No photoelectron will be ejected
(2) 8 photoelectrons of zero kinetic energy shall be ejected
(3) 2 photoelectrons of 2 eV kinetic energy are ejected
(4) Only one photoelectron is ejected

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52 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (1)

E = h
= 6.67 × 10–34 × 1 × 1015
= 6.67 × 10–19
= 4.16875 eV
E<w
Hence no photoelectron will eject.
3. A light of frequency 2.5 × 1015 Hz is incident on a metal surface having work function 4 eV. The velocity of
photoelectron is (in cm s–1)
(1) 1.5 × 106 (2) 1.5 × 108 (3) 2 × 108 (4) 2.5 × 104
Sol. Answer (2)

1
E  w  mv 2
2

1
6.63 × 10–34 × 2.5 × 1015 = 4 × 1.6 × 10–19 + × 9.1 × 10–31 v2
2

1
1.66 × 10–18 = 6.4 × 10–19 + ×9.1 × 10–31 v2
2

1
1.02 × 10–18 = × 9.1 × 10–31 v2
2

v2 = 2.24 × 1012
v = 1.49 × 106
v = 1.5 × 106
v = 1.5 × 106 m/s
v = 1.5 × 108 cm/s
Comprehension III
Orbitals are the pictorial representation of  or 2.

  r  .
 
Radial Angular
wave wave
function function

2 tell about the probability of finding electron.

1. Which of the following orbital is non directional?

(1) s (2) 2px (3) 4d 2 2 (4) d z2

x y

Sol. Answer (1)

s-orbital is non-directional

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 53
2. A 2px orbital is shown by given diagram

– +

Correct regarding diagram is

(1) Sign represent charge only
(2) Sign represent sign of wave function only
(3) Both (1) & (2)
(4) Sign represent sign of 2
Sol. Answer (2)
Sign represent sign of wave function.

3. Which of the following graph is correct for 3p?

2
r 2

2  
(1) (2) (3) (4)
r
r r r

Sol. Answer (3)

For p-orbital, at nucleus surface, 2 is zero.

Comprehension IV

Arrangement of the electron in various orbital is done by

(i) Aufbau principle

(ii) Pauli's exclusion principle

(iii) Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity

1. Which of the following has highest energy (Z > 1)?

(1) 4s (2) 4p (3) 4d (4) 4f

Sol. Answer (4)

On the basis of (n + l) rule

2. For hydrogen or hydrogen like ion, energy of orbital depend on

(1) n (2) n + l (3) n + l + m (4) n + l + m + s

Sol. Answer (1)

In hydrogen energy depend on n only

3. In given E.C. which violates Hund's rule

(1)      (2)    (3)      (4)   

Sol. Answer (1)

Spin of E.C. should be maximum.

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54 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

Comprehension V

The hydrogen-like species Li2+ is in a spherically symmetric state S1 with one radial node. Upon absorbing light the
ion undergoes transition to a state S2. The state S2 has one radial node and its energy is equal to the ground state
energy of the hydrogen atom. [IIT-JEE 2010]

1. The state S1 is

(1) 1s (2) 2s (3) 2p (4) 3s

Sol. Answer (2)

S1 state is 2s

In 2s, one radial node is present

2. Energy of the state S1 in units of the hydrogen atom ground state energy is
(1) 0.75 (2) 1.50 (3) 2.25 (4) 4.50
Sol. Answer (3)
Energy in S1 state

–13.6  32 9
E  – 13.6 eV
22 4

E( H1 ) = –13.6 eV [Ground state]

1

So energy = 2.25 × energy of electron in ground state in 1H1.

3. The orbital angular momentum quantum number of the state S2 is
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
Sol. Answer (2)
S2 state is 3p orbital
Orbital angular momentum of 3p is 1.

SECTION - D

Assertion-Reason Type Questions

1. STATEMENT-1 : Electronic configuration of Cr+3 (containing 21 electrons) is same as that of Sc i.e. isoelectronic
species have the same configuration.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Orbitals of an atom are filled in order of increasing energy.
Sol. Answer (4)
Cr  4s1 3d5
Cr+3  3d3
Sc  4s2 3d1
Both configuration are different from each other
Orbitals of atom are filled in increasing order of energy–Aufbau rule
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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 55

h
2. STATEMENT-1 : The orbital angular momentum of an e– in 4f atomic orbital is 12
2

and

h
STATEMENT-2 : The orbital angular momentum of an electron is given by l(l  1) and for f-subshell,
2
l = 3.
Sol. Answer (1)
4f
For f subshell l = 3
Orbital angular momentum

h
= l (l  1)
2

h
= 3(3  1)
2

h
= 12
2

3. STATEMENT-1 : The maximum number of electrons in subshell p is 6.

and
STATEMENT-2 : The maximum number of electrons in a subshell is given by (4l + 2), where l is the Azimuthal
quantum number and for p-subshell l = 1.
Sol. Answer (1)
p subshell has 3 orbitals and each orbital can take 2 electrons, hence, total 6 electrons can be accommodated.
A subshell has 2l + 1 orbitals and each subshell can have 2e –, hence, total number of electrons
= 2(2l + 1)
= 4l + 2
for p subshell l = 1
4. STATEMENT-1 : The energy of an electron depends only upon principal quantum number in case of hydrogen
and hydrogen like ions.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The energy of an electron depends on principal quantum number as well as Azimuthal quantum
number for other atoms.
Sol. Answer (2)
For multi-electron system, energy depends on n and l.
5. STATEMENT-1 : The de-Broglie wavelength of an electron decreases as kinetic energy decreases.
and

h
STATEMENT-2 : The de-Broglie wavelength   .
2mKE

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56 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (4)

h

mv
1
mv 2  KE
2
mv2 = 2KE
m2v2 = 2mKE

mv  2mKE
h

2mKE
1

KE
Hence, as KE decreases,  increases
6. STATEMENT-1 : The 19th electron in potassium atom enters into 4s-orbital than in 3d-orbital.
and
STATEMENT-2 : (n + l) rule is followed for determining the orbital of lowest energy state.
Sol. Answer (1)
Factual.
7. STATEMENT-1 : A spectral line will not be seen for a 2px – 2py transition.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Only Balmer lines are observed in the visible region.
Sol. Answer (2)
Both the statements are correct.
h
8. STATEMENT-1 : Orbital angular momentum is given by l(l  1)
2
and
STATEMENT-2 : l (Quantum number) decides the shape of orbital.
Sol. Answer (2)
Fact
9. STATEMENT-1 : Among 5p and 6s, 6s orbital have high energy.
and
STATEMENT-2 : (n + l) for 5p and 6s is same.
Sol. Answer (2)
If (n + l) is same, then higher will be value of n, higher will be energy.
10. STATEMENT-1 : Principal Quantum number of outermost electron in Fe is 4.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Last electron is filled in 3d.
Sol. Answer (2)
Fact

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 57

SECTION - E

Matrix-Match Type Questions

1. Match the following :

Column I Column II
(A) Velocity (p) Increased, n z
(B) Potential Energy (q) Increased, n z
(C) En – En–1 (r) Decreased, n
(E = Total energy for H atom) (n  1)
(D) Separation energy (s) No change n
(For H atom)
Sol. Answer : A(q, r), B(p), C(r), D(r)

Z
V  Velocity  q
n

⎛ Z2 ⎞
PE  ⎜  2 ⎟  PE  p
⎝ n ⎠

1
En  En 1   Decreases when n  r
n2

1
Separation energy = E  En  r
n2

2. Match the following :

Column I Column II
(Rays) (Wavelength (Å))
(A) Ultraviolet Rays (p) 0.001 to Zero
(B) Gamma Rays (q) 100 to 0.01
(C) Cosmic Rays (r) 0.1 to 0.0001
(D) X-Rays (s) 3800 to 1
Sol. Answer : A(s), B(r), C(p), D(q)
3. Match the following :
Column I Column II
(Electronic configuration)
(A) d 5 (p) Colourless
(B) d 6 (q)  = 1.73 BM
(C) d 9 (r) Total spin = 2
(D) d 10 (s)  = 5.92 BM
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58 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer : A(s), B(r), C(q), D(p)

d5 has 5 unpaired electrons
d9 has 1 unpaired electrons
d10 has 0 unpaired electrons, so colorless
d6 has 4 unpaired electrons

⎛ 1⎞
 4  ⎜  ⎟  2 = Total spin.
⎝ 2⎠

4. Match the following :

Column I Column II
(Orbitals) (Nature and No. of Nodes)

(A) 4dz 2 (p) One spherical node

(B) 3s (q) One nodal plane

(C) 2px (r) Two spherical nodes
(D) 3dxy (s) Two nodal planes
Sol. Answer : A(p), B(r), C(q), D(s)
5. Match Column I ions with Column II indicated properties :
Column I Column II
(A) Fe2+ (p) No unpaired electron
(B) Cr3+ (q) 5 unpaired electrons
(C) Mn2+ (r) 4 unpaired electrons
(D) Ca2+ (s) 3 unpaired electrons
Sol. Answer : A(r), B(s), C(q), D(p)
6. Match the entries in Column I with the correctly related quantum number(s) in Column II.
[IIT-JEE 2008]
Column I Column II
(A) Oribital angular momentum of the electron (p) Principal quantum number
in a hydrogen-like atomic orbital
(B) A hydrogen-like one-electron wave function (q) Azimuthal quantum number
obeying Pauli principle
(C) Shape, size and orientation of hydrogen-like (r) Magnetic quantum number
atomic orbitals
(D) Probability density of electron at the nucleus (s) Electron spin quantum number
in hydrogen-like atom
Sol. Answer A(q); B(s); C(p, q, r), D(p, q, r)

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 59

SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions

1. An electron in hydrogen atom (ground state) jumps to higher energy level x, such that the potential energy of
electron becomes half of its total energy at ground state. What is the value of x ?
Sol. Answer (2)
Total energy in ground state = – E

2E
Potential energy at excited state = 
x2

2E E
2
 , x 2  4, x2
x 2

2. In an atom the last electron is present in f-orbital and for its outermost shell the graph of  2 has 6 maximas.
What is the sum of group and period of that element ?
Sol. Answer (9)
As the last electron enter ‘f’ orbital hence group = 3
As there are 6 maximas therefore largest principal quantum number (n) = 6  period = 6
Group + period = 9
3. What is number of radial nodes in 4f orbital?
Sol. Answer (0)
Radial nodes = n – l – 1
4. An electron jumps to higher excited state of a orbital which is non directional and have 4 radial node then shell
with which electron belong?
Sol. Answer (5)
Electron is in 5s orbital

5. Magnetic momentum of an ion M+3 is 35 BM . Then, number of electron in d orbital of M element will be
_____.
Sol. Answer (6)
The atom have E.C. 3d64s2
6. The maximum number of electrons that can have principal quantum number, n = 3, and spin quantum number,
1
ms   , is [IIT-JEE 2011]
2
Sol. Answer (9)

Out of 18 electrons present in 3rd shells.

1
Will have s  
2

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60 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

7. The work function () of some metals is listed below. The number of metals which will show photoelectric effect
when light of 300 nm wavelength falls on the metal is [IIT-JEE 2011]

Metal Li Na K Mg Cu Ag Fe Pt W

 (eV) 2.4 2.3 2.2 3.7 4.8 4.3 4.7 6.3 4.75

Sol. Answer (4)

Energy of incident photon should be higher than work function to slow photoelectric effect

6.62  1034  3  108

Energy of photon =  4.14 eV
300  109  1.6  1019

1
8. In an atom, the total number of electrons having quantum numbers n = 4, |ml| = 1 and ms = – is
2
[JEE(Advanced)-2014]
Sol. Answer (6)
|ml| = 1
Means ml can be +1 and –1

1
So, for n = 4 six orbitals are possible and bear six electrons with s  –
2
9. Not considering the electronic spin, the degeneracy of the second excited state (n = 3) of H atom is 9, while
the degeneracy of the second excited state of H– is [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
Sol. Answer (3)
Ground state configuration:
–
H:
1s 2s 2p
in second excited state, electron will jump from 1s to 2p, so degeneracy of second excited state of H– is 3.

SECTION - G
Multiple True-False Type Questions

1. STATEMENT-1 : The graph of  2 and r for 4d orbital has two maximas.

STATEMENT-2 : 3d z2 has no nodal plane.

STATEMENT-3 : 4s is closer to nucleus than 3d.
(1) TTT (2) TTF (3) FTF (4) TFT
Sol. Answer (2)
No. of peaks = n – 
2. STATEMENT-1 : de-Broglie wavelength is not appreciable for molecule/atom moving in gaseous state.
STATEMENT-2 : Law of uncertainty is not applicable to molecule/atom of a gas.
STATEMENT-3 : Positive sign of spin quantum number represents clockwise and negative sign of spin quantum
number represents anticlockwise spin of electron.
(1) T T F (2) FTT (3) TFT (4) FFF
Sol. Answer (4)
de-Broglie equation and law of uncertainity are applicable in gas.

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 61
3. STATEMENT-1 : Work function of a metal depends on ionisation energy.
STATEMENT-2 : One photon can eject one electron.
STATEMENT-3 : K.E. of ejected electron depends on intensity of light
(1) T F F (2) TTF (3) TFT (4) TTT
Sol. Answer (2)
KE depends on frequency of light.
4. STATEMENT-1 : Spin quantum number is derived from Schrodinger equation.
STATEMENT-2 : Magnetic quantum number tells about orbital angular momentum along z axis.
STATEMENT-3 : Spin of electron have no relation with energy
(1) F T T (2) TTT (3) FTF (4) FFT
Sol. Answer (1)
Schrodinger wave mechanics does not involve spin quantum number.

h
5. STATEMENT-1 : x.p  is not applicable for macroscopic particles.
4

STATEMENT-2 : px orbital is an example of gerade.

STATEMENT-3 : Due to production of matter waves, energy of the moving system decreases.
(1) TT T (2) TTF (3) TFT (4) TTT
Sol. Answer (3)
Heisenberg’s principle is applicable for microscopic particles.

SECTION - H
Aakash Challengers Questions

1. How many maximum spectral lines are possible if electron is present in 4th shell and only two atom are present
in sample?

(1) 6 (2) 4 (3) 3 (4) 2

Sol. Answer (2)

In two and two path is possible.

43 42

32 21

21
2. The correct graph regarding  vs KE. (Incident)
K Cs
Cs K
Rb Rb Rb
Rb
 Cs  K   K
Cs

(1) K.E. (2) K.E. (3) K.E. (4) K.E.

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62 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (1)

K.E.
  0 
r
For Cs, 0 is minimum.
3. Maximum electron in 3rd shell having ml = 2 will be
(1) 2 (2) 0 (3) 12 (4) 24
Sol. Answer (1)
Electrons
n = 3, l = 2, m = +2 2
4. What about degeneracy of 2p orbitals in a magnetic field?
(1) No degenerate orbital (2) Three degenerate orbital
(3) Two degenerate orbital (4) Cannot be stated any thing about degeneracy
Sol. Answer (1)
Splitting in 2p orbitals takes place.
5. In electric field which have maximum angle of deflection? (Assume all have same velocity)
(1)  rays (2) H+ rays (3) D+ ray (4) All have equal
Sol. Answer (2)

e
Angle of deflection is directly proportional to
m

6 Which of the following value of n have highest elliptical character?

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
Sol. Answer (4)
As n increases, elliptical character increases.
7. The orbital having zero probability of finding electron on the surface of nucleus is

(1) s (2) px (3) dx2  y2 (4) Both (2) & (3)

Sol. Answer (4)

p, d & f orbital have zero probability at nucleus surface.
8. Given graph may belong with

4r2dr2

r
(1) 1s (2) 2p (3) 3d (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
For all orbitals 4r2dr.2 is zero at surface of nucleus

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 63
9. An electron in hydrogen jumps to a shell in which four fold degenracy is present, then correct about that
shell is
(1) 3 (2) 4
(3) 2 (4) This type of transition is not possible
Sol. Answer (3)
For hydrogen, in 2nd shell, four fold degeneracy is present
10. Largest wavelength is associated with which one of the following, if all of these travel with same velocity?
(1) CO2 (2) He (3) H2 (4) NO2
Sol. Answer (3)
According to de Broglie equation

h

mv

11. Choose the correct statement.

(1) Atomic emission spectrum are generally line spectrum
(2) Gap between two successive lines in spectrum remain same
(3) During transition spin inversion is frequently allowed
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Atomic spectrum are line spectrum.
12. Which of the following have highest ionisation energy?
1 2
(1) 1H (2) 1H

(3) 3
1H (4) All of these have equal I.E.
Sol. Answer (3)

3
Reduced mass (M) of electron in 1H is maximum therefore its IE is maximum.

13. Choose the pair in which after filling of electron, energy sequence is reversed.
(1) 2p > 2s (2) 3d > 4s (3) 4p < 5s (4) 5p < 6s
Sol. Answer (2)
After filling of electrons, Aufbau principle is not applicable. More will be distance of electron from nucleus, more
will be energy.
14. An ion which carries +3 charge posseses magnetic moment of 4.9 B.M. and its last electron possesses orbital

angular momentum of 6  . Write the E.C. of that ion and identify that element if highest n in the E.C. of
that ion is 3.
Sol. Answer (Mn)

n(n  2)  4.9

n(n + 2) = 24

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64 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

n2 + 2n – 24 = 0
(n + 6) (n – 4) = 0
n=4
4 unpaired electrons

h h
l (l  1)  6
2 2
l=2
 last subshell is d subshell, highest value of n is 3
A+3 contains 4 unpaired electron .
possible subshells
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d
unpaired in A+3 = 4
In removal of total 3e–, 2e– will be removed from 4s and 1e– from 3d.
3d must contain 4 unpaired e– in A+3
A+3 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d4
A = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5, 4s2
Z = 25
Element is Mn.
15. Electron excited from lower orbit to higher orbit and returns back to ground state from excited state with a
life time 1 nano-second by emitting a photon of wavelength 600 nm. Calculate uncertainty in the energy of the
excited state. Also calculate the percentage uncertainty, if the energy is measured from ground state.
Sol. Answer (5.27 × 10–26 J, 1.59 × 10–5%)

h
E.t 
4

h
E 
4 t

6.625  1034
=
4  3.14  109

= 0.527 × 10–25
= 5.27 × 10–26 J

hc 6.625  1034  3  108

E= 
 600  109

= 3.3125 × 10–19 J

E x 100 5.27  1026

 % uncertainty =   100
E 3.3125  1019

= 1.59 × 10–5%.

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Solutions of Assignment Structure of Atom 65
16. The minimum energy required to remove the electron from metal surface is 7.50 × 10–19 J. What will be the
stopping potential required when this metal surface is exposed to U.V. light of  = 375 Å?
Sol. Answer (28.4 volt)
E = w + eV

hc
 7.5 × 10–19 + 1.6 × 10–19 V


6.67  1034  3  108

= 7.5 × 10–19 + 1.6 × 10–19 V
375  1010
5.33 × 10–18 = 7.5 × 10–19 + 1.6 × 10–19 V
4.58 × 10–18 = 1.6 × 10–19 V
V = 28.33 V
17. 2 g of hydrogen atoms are excited to radiation. The study of spectra indicated 25% of atoms are in IIIrd energy
level and 20% atoms in IInd energy level and rest in ground state. Calculate the total energy evolved when atoms
return to ground state.
Sol. Answer (488.4 kJ/mol)
2 g H2 = 1 mole H2 gas
0.25 mole are in n = 3, and 0.20 mole are in n = 2.

⎛ 1312 1312 ⎞
Total energy =  ⎜ 0.25  2  0.2  2 ⎟  1312(0.25  0.2)
⎝ 3 2 ⎠
= – 102 + 590.4 = 488.4 kJ.
18. Two hydrogen atoms undergo head on collision and end up with zero kinetic energy. Each particle then emits
a photon of wavelength 1028 Å. Which transition leads to this wavelength? Calculate the velocity of hydrogen
atom before collision. (mH = 1.67 × 10–27 kg).
Sol. Answer (3  1), 4, 4.81 × 104 m/s

hc ⎛1 1⎞
 13.6 ⎜ 2  2 ⎟
 ⎝1 n ⎠

12420 ⎛1 1⎞
 13.6 ⎜ 2  2 ⎟
1028 ⎝1 n ⎠
 n=3
Transition is from n = 3 to n = 1.
Just before collision,

hc 1
 mv 2
 2

2hc
v
m

2  12420  1.6  10 19

=
1028  1.67  10 27
= 4.81 × 104 m/s
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66 Structure of Atom Solutions of Assignment

19. A tube emits light of wavelength 5296 Å. The bulb is rated as 200 watt and 20% of the energy is converted
into light. If the whole light emitted is allowed to fall on a metal surface having work function 3.00 × 10–19 J,
calculate the number of electrons ejected in 10 s.
Sol. Answer (106.7 × 1019 electron)

W  3  1019 J

hc 6.625  1034  3  108

E  10
 3.753  1019 J
 5296  10

200 × 0.2 = 40 J is incident per second.

Or 400 J in 10 second.
Now, 3.753 × 10–19 × n = 400
 n = 106.58 × 1019 electrons are ejected
20. Calculate the uncertainty in position of the electron if de-Broglie wavelength associated with electron is
7.2 Å. (0.01%-error is involved in measurement of velocity). (Mass of electron = 9.1 × 10–31 kg)
Sol. Answer (5.73 × 10–7 metre)

h 6.625  1034
v =  106 m / s
m 9.1 1031  7.2  1010

0.01
v   106  100 m / s
100

h
Now, p.x 
4

h
Or x 
4m v

6.625  1034
 x   5.8  107 m
4    9.1 1031  102

  

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