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Chapter 1 Basics of Networking

This chapter covers the fundamentals of computer networking, explaining its definition, uses, and benefits, including resource sharing and efficient communication. It outlines various types of networks such as PAN, LAN, MAN, and WAN, along with their differences, and discusses network topologies like point-to-point, bus, star, ring, mesh, tree, and hybrid. Additionally, it compares bus and star topologies, highlighting their structural differences and reliability.

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19 views1 page

Chapter 1 Basics of Networking

This chapter covers the fundamentals of computer networking, explaining its definition, uses, and benefits, including resource sharing and efficient communication. It outlines various types of networks such as PAN, LAN, MAN, and WAN, along with their differences, and discusses network topologies like point-to-point, bus, star, ring, mesh, tree, and hybrid. Additionally, it compares bus and star topologies, highlighting their structural differences and reliability.

Uploaded by

ashiyadav641
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 1: BASICS OF NETWORKING (Simplified Explanation)

1.1 Introduction
This chapter explains the basics of computer networks, which are the foundation for
cloud computing. A network connects different computers so they can share resources
and communicate efficiently.

1.2 What is Computer Network?


A computer network is a group of connected computers and devices that share
information, files, and resources. These connections can be wired (using cables) or
wireless (using Wi-Fi or Bluetooth).

1.3 Uses & Benefits of Computer Networks


- Share files, printers, and internet connection
- Allows communication through email and messaging
- Centralized data access and management
- Saves time and cost
- Easy to manage and maintain

1.4 Types of Computer Networks


1.4.1 Personal Area Network (PAN): A very small network for one person, like
connecting a phone to a laptop via Bluetooth.
1.4.2 Local Area Network (LAN): A network in a small area such as a room, home, or
office. Fast and private.
1.4.3 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Covers a city or large campus.
1.4.4 Wide Area Network (WAN): Covers large areas like states or countries.
Example: the Internet.

1.5 Difference between LAN and WAN


- LAN is for short distances; WAN is for long distances.
- LAN is faster and cheaper; WAN is slower and more costly.
- LAN is easy to maintain; WAN is more complex.

1.6 Network Topologies (How devices are connected)


1.6.1 Point-to-Point: Only two devices are directly connected.
1.6.2 Bus Topology: All devices share a single cable. Simple but difficult to
manage if cable fails.
1.6.3 Star Topology: All devices connect to a central hub. Most used.
1.6.4 Ring Topology: Devices form a circular connection. Data flows in one
direction.
1.6.5 Mesh Topology: Every device connects to every other device. Very reliable but
expensive.
1.6.6 Tree Topology: Mix of star and bus topology. Used in big networks.
1.6.7 Hybrid Topology: Combination of any two or more topologies.

1.7 Difference Between Bus and Star Topology


- Bus uses a single main cable; Star uses a central hub or switch.
- Star is more reliable and easier to troubleshoot.

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