Buck Converter Implementation Using
Arduino
Project Overview
The project focuses on designing and implementing a DC-DC buck converter using an
Arduino microcontroller. A buck converter is a type of power supply that steps down
voltage from its input to its output. In this setup, the Arduino generates Pulse Width
Modulation (PWM) signals to control a P-channel MOSFET, effectively regulating the output
voltage. This approach offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for applications
requiring voltage regulation.
Objectives
- Develop a functional buck converter circuit capable of stepping down a higher DC voltage
to a lower level.
- Utilize the Arduino's PWM capabilities to control the switching of the MOSFET, thereby
regulating the output voltage.
- Demonstrate the practical application of microcontroller-based control in power
electronics.
Key Components : (Budget : 4000/=)
1. Arduino Nano 10. LED (×5)
2. 16x2 / 20x4 LCD Display 11. Variable Resistor (×2)
3. I2C Display Driver 12. Dido Diode (Heatsink) (6A) (×4)
4. Rotary Encoder 13. PCB Board
5. N-type / P-type MOSFET 14. Inductor – Based on Design
6. 2200 µF Capacitor (×2) 15. Heat Sink
7. LM7805 Voltage Regulator 16. Enclosure Box
8. Resistors (1k, 2k, 5k, 10k, 4.7k) 17. Shunt Resistor
9. Terminal Connector (×2) 18. OPM – LM-358
19. IC MOSFET Drriver (IRF2104)
🛠 Tools & Software :
Arduino IDE (coding), EasyEDA/Proteus/Tinkercad (design & simulation)
Working Principle
The buck converter operates by rapidly switching the input voltage on and off using a
MOSFET controlled by PWM signals from the Arduino. When the MOSFET is on, energy is
stored in the inductor. When it's off, the inductor releases energy to the load through a
diode. This switching action, smoothed by capacitors, results in a lower average output
voltage. Adjusting the PWM duty cycle changes the proportion of time the MOSFET is on
versus off, thereby controlling the output voltage.
Expected Outcomes
- A working prototype of a buck converter that effectively steps down voltage using
Arduino-controlled PWM.
- Demonstrated ability to control and adjust output voltage through software by modifying
PWM parameters.
- Insights into the integration of microcontrollers with power electronic circuits for
educational and practical applications.
Applications
- Power Supply Design: Creating adjustable voltage regulators for various electronic
devices.
- Educational Tools: Demonstrating principles of power electronics and control systems.
- Embedded Systems: Providing regulated power to microcontrollers and sensors.
- Renewable Energy Systems: Managing voltage levels from sources like solar panels.
Scope of Work
- Circuit Design and Simulation: Designing and simulating the buck converter circuit.
- Hardware Implementation: Assembling the circuit components.
- Software Development: Programming the Arduino for PWM control.
- Testing and Validation: Measuring output to ensure functionality.
- Documentation: Recording the design process, challenges, and solutions.
Group Member:
Name ID
Jabed Ahmed 221-33-1601
Mehadi Hasan 221-33-1605
Sohanur Rahman 221-33-1613
Rezwan Fahim Emon 221-33-1633
Asif Iqbal Sourav 221-33-1640
