Class 12 Business Studies - Chapter: Marketing Management
Key Concepts
1. Marketing: A social process where individuals exchange goods/services for value.
2. Features of Marketing:
- Needs and wants
- Exchange process
- Value creation
- Continuous process
3. Marketing Management: The art and science of choosing target markets and building profitable
relationships.
4. Functions of Marketing:
- Market planning
- Product designing & development
- Standardization & Grading
- Packaging & Labelling
- Branding
- Customer support services
- Pricing of products
- Promotion (Advertising, Sales promotion, Public relations, Personal selling)
- Physical distribution (transportation & warehousing)
5. Marketing Mix (4Ps):
- Product: Design, quality, features, brand name, etc.
- Price: Pricing strategy, discounts, credit terms.
- Place: Channels of distribution (wholesalers, retailers).
- Promotion: Advertising, Sales promotion, Personal selling, Public relations.
6. Branding: Brand name, Brand mark, Trade mark
7. Packaging vs Labelling:
- Packaging - Protection + Attraction
- Labelling - Informative tag (ingredients, usage, warnings)
8. Channels of Distribution:
Class 12 Business Studies - Chapter: Marketing Management
- Direct - Manufacturer to consumer
- Indirect - Through intermediaries
9. Promotion Mix:
- Advertising
- Personal Selling
- Sales Promotion
- Public Relations
Important Questions (Board-Focused)
1 Mark Questions:
- Define marketing.
- What is labelling?
- Name any two functions of marketing.
- What is branding?
3 Mark Questions:
- Differentiate between selling and marketing (any three points).
- Explain any three elements of the promotion mix.
- Explain the role of physical distribution in marketing.
4 Mark Questions:
- State and explain any four functions of marketing.
- "Labelling is a silent salesman." Explain.
5 Mark Questions:
- Explain the importance of branding for marketers and customers.
- Distinguish between advertising and personal selling (5 points).
6 Mark Questions:
Class 12 Business Studies - Chapter: Marketing Management
- Explain the elements of the marketing mix in detail.
- Explain any six functions of marketing management.
- A company wants to launch a new energy drink. Prepare a marketing mix for this product.
Case Study Type Questions
Q: A toothpaste brand introduced a combo offer (buy 2 get 1 free) and displayed health benefit details on the
label.
Identify and explain the related concepts of marketing.
A:
- Sales Promotion - "Buy 2 get 1 free"
- Labelling - Health benefits on the label
- Product - Toothpaste as part of marketing mix