1.
Vocabulary for Describing Trends (Graphs, Charts, Tables)
Verbs (showing change/movement)
increase / rise / grow / climb / go up
decrease / fall / drop / decline / go down
remain stable / stay constant / level off / plateau
fluctuate / vary / oscillate / go up and down
peak / reach a peak / hit a high point
dip / reach a low point / bottom out
surge / soar / jump / rocket (strong rapid increase)
plunge / plummet / crash / slump (strong rapid decrease)
Nouns (for changes and trends)
increase / rise / growth / climb / surge / jump / boom
decrease / fall / drop / decline / reduction / slump
fluctuation / variation / oscillation
peak / high point / maximum
trough / low point / minimum
Adjectives (describing trends)
gradual / steady / sharp / sudden / dramatic / rapid / slow
significant / considerable / slight / marginal / negligible
consistent / constant / stable / volatile
2. Vocabulary for Comparisons
Comparative phrases
more than / less than / higher than / lower than
the same as / equal to / similar to
twice as much as / three times as many as
compared to / in comparison with
whereas / while / although
3. Vocabulary for Describing Data
Describing quantities and amounts
proportion / percentage / fraction / segment / share
majority / minority
a large number of / a small number of
approximately / about / around / nearly / roughly
exact numbers (e.g., 25%, 10 million)
4. Vocabulary for Time/Duration (if data shows change over time)
over the period / during the years / from ... to ...
between ... and ...
in the early 2000s / in recent years
subsequently / thereafter / finally
initially / at the beginning
5. Useful Linking Words and Phrases
overall / in general / generally speaking
it can be seen that / according to the data / the chart shows
as shown in the graph / as illustrated / as depicted
furthermore / moreover / in addition
however / but / on the other hand / nevertheless
therefore / thus / consequently / as a result
6. Report Structure & Functional Words
Introduction: The graph/chart/table illustrates, shows, presents, compares
Overview: It is clear that / Overall / To summarize / The main trend is
Details: For example / Specifically / To be more precise / In particular
Conclusion (optional): In conclusion / To sum up
Example sentences using some of these words:
The number of car owners increased steadily from 2000 to 2010.
There was a sharp decline in the sales of CDs after 2015.
The percentage of people using public transport remained stable over the decade.
Compared to 2010, the figures for mobile phone users were significantly higher in 2020.
Overall, the data illustrates a consistent growth in renewable energy consumption.
