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Panda• The Web. We'll talk about what the Web is and—at a basic level—how it works.
• Tools for Editing. You'll get practice editing web pages using a text editor and
testing your work in a browser.
• HTML. You'll learn the fundamentals of HTML, the computer language we use
to structure and write webpages.
• URLs. You'll also learn about URLs, the addresses that we use to refer to
documents and sites on the web.
• A browser gets web pages by communicating with servers over the
internet.
• Servers are computers that have programs running on them which answer
a browser’s requests.
• What does HTTP stand for?------->hypertext transfer protocol
• What does HTML stand for?------->hypertext markup language
Concepts to watch out for:
Syntax. Grammar rules of a computer language.
Formalism. Computers take code literally, and will only do exactly
what you tell it to do.
Nesting. Bits of code going inside other bits of code in an orderly
way.
There's a lot of help! Make sure to use tools like documentation,
or your favorite search engine if you need to.
Text files contain:
-Letters, -Numbers, -Symbols, -Spaces
=HTML is written in text. The layout of a web page seen by the user is
put together by the web browser based on the code in the text file.
Review Notes
Each text editor has its own features like:
-Syntax highlighting, -Line numbers
Make sure you're using a text editor and not a word processor. They can add
information to files on how to format text where as a text editor edits plain text
files.
When writing HTML, make sure to use the extension .html on your file name. An
example would be spiffy.html.
You can open the file in the browser.
If you want to see a change in the browser that was made in the HTML file, you
need to save the HTML file and refresh the browser.
**The video introduces HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) as the
basic building block of the web. It explains that HTML consists of text
and markup that controls how the text appears in a browser. It also
shows how to create an HTML file in a text editor and open it in a
browser. Finally, it mentions that plain text shows up as-is, but markup
is needed to change how the text looks.
Markup: Text that has a special meaning
Every element starts and ends with a tag. HTML tags always start with
the < sign and end with a > tag. These are usually referred to as angle
brackets.
Important tags
<strong>: This tag is used to indicate that the text inside it should be
strongly emphasized, typically displayed in bold.
<em>: This tag is used for emphasis, making the text inside it appear in
italics.
Whitespace includes spaces, tabs, and line breaks. When the browser displays an
HTML file, it treats a run of whitespace as a single space character. In order to
create a line break that will show up in the browser, use the <br> tag. It doesn’t
require a closing tag,(-called void or empty element)
<p>: This tag defines a paragraph of text. The block elemet
<mark> tag is used in HTML to highlight text.
Superscript and Subscript
-<sup> makes text appears slightly higher than the surrounding text(like power) 2 10
-<sub> makes text appears slightly lower than the surrounding text H 2
<h1> can be used for headlines, or section headings. There are actually
six of these heading elements: h1 through h6.
<div> is short for division, because that's what this element is for—you
can use it to divide up the page into different sections.
<a>: This tag creates hyperlinks, allowing users to click and navigate to
other pages or resources.
<img>: This tag is used to embed images in a webpage.
<ul> and <ol>: These tags create unordered (bulleted) and ordered
(numbered) lists, respectively.
<li>: This tag defines a list item and is used within <ul> or <ol>.
<div>: This tag is a container that groups other HTML elements for
styling or layout purposes.
<span>: This tag is used to apply styles to a small section of text within
a block of text.
