Department of Mathematics
Acharya Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU, Recognized by GOK and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi(Accredited by NAAC)
Acharya Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Road, Acharya P.O., Soladevanahalli, Bangalore-560107, INDIA
www.acharya.ac.in, Email: hod-maths@acharya.ac.in
Title of the Subject: Mathematics –II for CSE stream.
Subject Code: BMATS201
Module-3: Vector Space
1) Define vector space.Show that the set of all ordered n-tuples of the elements of any
field F is a vector space.
2) Show that the set of allm ×n matrices with elements as real numbers is a vector space
over the field (R,+,.) with the usual operation of matrices.
3) Prove that the set of all real valued continuous functions of x defined in the interval
[ 0 , 1 ] is a vector space.
4) Define Vector subspace. Let R be a field of real numbers. Show that the set
W ={( x , 2 y , 3 z)|x , y , z ∈ R } is a subspace of V 3 ( R ) .
5) Show that the intersection of any two subspace of a vector space V (F ) is also a
subspace of V ( F ) .
6) Show that the union of two subspace is a subspace if and only if one is contained in
the other.
7) Prove that the subset W ={(x , y , z )| x , y , z are rational numbers } is not a subspace of
V 3 ( R ).
8) Define Linear Combination of vectors. Express the vector v=(1 ,−2 ,5) as a linear
combination of the vectors v 1=( 1 ,1 , 1 ) , v 2=( 1 ,2 , 3 ) , v 3=(2 ,−1 ,1) in the vector space
3
R ( R) .
9) Write the vector α =( 1 , 7 ,−4 ) as linear combination α 1=( 1 ,−3 , 2 )∧α 2=( 2 ,−1, 1 ) in
the vector space V 3 ( R ) .
10) Express the vector v=(3 , 5 , 2) as a linear combination of the vectors
v 1=( 1 ,1 , 0 ) , v 2=( 2 , 3 , 0 ) , v 3=(0 , 0 ,1) in the vector space R3 ( R ) .
11) Express the matrix A= [ ]3 −1
1 −2
in the vector space of 2x2 matrices as alinear
combinations of B= [ ] [
1 1
0 −1
,=
] [ ]
1 1
−1 0
∧¿
1 1
0 0
[Dec-24/Jan-25]
12) Define Linear Dependence and Linear Independence.
13) For what value of K (if any) the vector Express the vector v=(1 , K ,5) can be
expressed as a linear combination of the vectors v 1=( 1 ,−3 , 2 ) , v 2=( 2 ,−1 , 1 )∈ R3 ( R ) .
14) Find a condition on a , b , c so that w=(a , b , c) is a linear combination of
u=( 1,−3 , 2 ) v=(2 ,−1 ,1) in R3 so that w ∈ span (u , v ) .
15) Determine whether the vectors v 1=( 1 , 4 , 9 ) , v 2=( 3 , 1 , 4 ) , v 3 =(9 , 3 , 12) are linearly
dependent or independent.
Department of Mathematics
Acharya Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU, Recognized by GOK and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi(Accredited by NAAC)
Acharya Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Road, Acharya P.O., Soladevanahalli, Bangalore-560107, INDIA
www.acharya.ac.in, Email: hod-maths@acharya.ac.in
16) Determine whether the vectors v 1=( 1 ,2 , 3 ) , v 2=( 3 , 1 ,7 ) , v 3=(2 , 5 , 8) are linearly
dependent or independent. [Dec-24/Jan-25]
17) Prove that the set S= { ( 1 ,0 , 0 ) , ( 0 , 1 ,0 ) ,( 0 , 0 ,1) } is linearly independent in V 3 ( R ) .
18) If u , v , w are linearly independent vectors in V (F ), where F is the field of complex
numbers then { ( u+ v ) , ( v +w ) , (w+u) } is a linearly independent set of vectors.
19) Show that the vector (2 ,−5 , 3) does not belong to the span of
S= { ( 1 ,−3 , 2 ) , ( 2 ,−4 ,−1 ) ,(1 ,−5 , 7) }.
20) Show that the subset S= { ( 1 ,0 , 0 ) , ( 0 , 1 ,0 ) ,( 0 , 0 ,1) } of V 3 ( F ) generates or span the
entire spaceV 3 ( F )
21) Define Basis and Dimension. Determine whether
( 1 ,1 , 1 ,1 ) , ( 1 ,2 , 3 , 2 ) , ( 2 , 5 ,6 , 4 ) ,(2 , 6 , 8 , 5) from a basis of R4 . If not find the
dimension of the subspace they span.
22) Let W be the subspace of R5 spanned by x 1=( 1 ,2 ,−1 ,3 , 4 ) , x 2= (2 , 4 ,−2 , 6 , 8 ) ,
x 3=( 1 , 3 ,2 , 2 ,6 ) , x 4 =( 1 , 4 , 5 ,1 , 8 ) ∧x1= ( 2, 7 , 3 , 3 , 9 ) . [Dec-24/Jan-25]
23) Show that the set S= {( ) ( , )(
2 1 −1 2 0 5
4 3 −2 2 0 −1 1 2 ) ( )}
, ,
3 1
is not a basis of the vector
space of all 2 ×2matrices over R.
24) Define Linear Transformations. If T :V 2 →V 2 defined by
T ( x , y )=(xcosθ − ysinθ , xsinθ+ ycosθ ) then show that T is a Linear transformation.
25) If V is a vector space of polynomial over R. Find a basis and dimension of the
subspace W of V , spanned by the polynomials
3 2 3 2 3
x 1=t −2 t + 4 t+1, x 2=2 t −3t +9 t−1, x 3=t + 6 t−5 and
3 2
x 4 =2t −5 t +7 t +5[Dec-24/Jan-25]
26) Verify whether the following are linear transformations
i) T :V 2 (R)→V 2 ( R ) defined by T ( x , y )=(3 x +2 y ,3 x−4 y )
ii) T :V 3 (R)→V 3 ( R ) defined by T ( x , y , z )=( x 2+ xy , xy , yz )
iii) T :V 3 (R)→V 2 ( R ) defined by T ( x , y , z )=( x+ 2 y −3 z , 4 x −5 y + 6 z )
[ ]
−1 0
27) Find the linear transformation for the matrix A= 2 0 with respect to the bases
1 3
B1={ ( 1 , 2 ,0 ) , ( 0 ,−1 ,0 ) ,(1,−1 ,1) } and B2={ ( 1 , 0 ) ,(2 ,−1) }
[ ]
1 2
28) Find the linear transformation for the matrix A= 0 1 with respect to the bases
−1 3
B1={ ( 1 , 2 ) ,(−2 ,1) } and B2={ ( 1 ,−1 ,−1 ) , ( 1 , 2 ,3 ) ,(−1 , 0 , 2) }
29) Find the matrix representing the transformation T : R 2 → R 3 given by
T ( x 1 , x 2 ) =(3 x 1−x 2 , 2 x 1+ 4 x 2 , 5 x 1−6 x 2) relative to the standard basis of R2∧R 3.
Department of Mathematics
Acharya Institute of Technology
Affiliated to VTU, Recognized by GOK and Approved by AICTE, New Delhi(Accredited by NAAC)
Acharya Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Road, Acharya P.O., Soladevanahalli, Bangalore-560107, INDIA
www.acharya.ac.in, Email: hod-maths@acharya.ac.in
30) Find the matrix of T :V 3 → V 2 define by T ( x 1 , x 2 , x3 ) =(x 1 + x 2 , x 2+ x3 ) with respect to
the bases B1={ ( 1 , 1 ,0 ) , ( 1 , 0 ,1 ) ,(1 , 1 ,−1) } and B2={ ( 2 ,−3 ) ,(1 , 4) }.
31) Define Rank and Nullity of a Linear Transformation.
32) Determine the range space, null space, rank, nullity and verify the rank -nullity
theorem for the following Linear transformation.
i) If T :V 3 (R)→V 2(R) defined by T ( x , y , z )=( y −x , y−z )
ii) If T :V 3 ( R ) →V 4 ( R ) defined by T ( 1 , 0 , 0 )=( 0 ,1 , 0 ,2 ) ,
T ( 0 , 1 , 0 )=( 0 ,1 , 1, 0 ) , T ( 0 , 0 , 1 )=(0 , 1,−1 , 4)
iii) If T :V 3 ( R ) →V 3 ( R ) defined by T ( x , y , z ) =( x+ y , x− y , 2 x + z )
iv) If T : R → R defined by T ( x , y , z )=( x+ 2 y −z , y + z , x + y−2 z )
3 3
[Dec-24/Jan-25]
v) A=
[1 −1 4 3
5 6 −1 1 ]
33) Define Inner product space, Normalization of vector and Orthogonality.
34) Given f ( t )=t +2 , g ( t )=3 t−2 , h ( t ) =t 2−2t−3
1
¿ ⟨ f . g ⟩=∫ f ( t ) g ( t ) dt .
0
Find i ¿ ⟨ f . g ⟩ ∧⟨ f . h ⟩ ii ¿ find ‖f ‖∧‖g‖iii ¿ Normalize f ∧g
[Dec-24/Jan-25]
35) Verify the vectors u=( 1, 1 , 1 ) , v=( 1 ,2 ,−3 )∧w=( 1 ,−4 , 3 ) ∈ R3 are orthogonal or not.
