Why C is called middle-level language!

 C is called middle-level language because

it is actually bind the gap between a
machine level language and high-level
languages. User can use c language to do
System Programming (for writing operating
system) as well as Application Programming
(for generate menu driven customer billing
system ).
A simple C Program for adding
two numbers
#include<stdio.h> Start

main()
INPUT
{ A,B

int A,B,Sum;
Sum=A+B
scanf("%d%d",&A,&B);
Sum=A+B;
PRINT
printf("%d",Sum); Sum

}
Stop
 #include<stdio.h> Header file/
Link section
Main function
declare
main()
start {
 int A,B,Sum; Variable Declaration

Input  scanf(“%d%d”,&A,&B);
 Sum=A+B; Calculate sum
 printf(“%d”,Sum);
Show result
End }
Stem: JB 2016
 Isthique Ahmed tried to write a C program for
adding 3 numbers. After failing several times
he took help from his elder brother who is a
software engineer. His brother describe the
necessary code to Ishtique and he managed
to solve the problem.
 C) write a program to solve the problem in
the stem.
 D) how can you show the way to represent
the procedure easily.
 #include<stdio.h>
 int main()
{
 int a,b,c,S;
 scanf(“%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
 S=a+b+c;
 printf("%d",S);
 return 0;
}
Stem: Draw FC
 #include<stdio.h>
 int main()
 { int N1,N2,N3, S;
 printf(" Give 3 numbers");
 scanf("%d %d %d" , &N1, &N2, &N3);
 S=N1+N2+N3;
 printf("The sum is =%d",S);
 return 0;
}
Flowchart for adding 3 numbers

Start

INPUT
N1, N2, N3

Sum=N1+N2+N3

PRINT
Sum

Stop
 CB 2019: c)Draw FC for fig 1
d)which is better between 1 and 2
 #include<stdio.h>  #include<stdio.h>
 main()  main()
{ {
int a=10,b=15,c;  int a,b,c;
 scanf("%d%d ", &a,&b);
 c=a+b;
 c=a+b;
 printf("%d",c);
 printf("%d",c);
}
}

Figure-1 Figure-2
 calculating the average of three
numbers

 #include<stdio.h>
 main( ) {
 int A,B,C,S;
 float Avg;
 scanf ("%d %d %d", &A, &B, &C);
 S= A + B + C;
 Avg=S/3;
 printf ("%f ", Avg);
}
A single program that calculate summation,
subtraction, multiplication and division
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
int a,b;
scanf("%d%d ", &a,&b);
printf("%d \n ",a+b);
printf("%d \n ",a-b);
printf("%d \n ",a*b);
printf("%d \n ",a/b);
 }
Write a C Program for determining Area of a Rectangle

 #include<stdio.h> Start
 main()
{ Input w,h
 int w,h,area;
area=w*h
 scanf("%d%d", &w, &h);
 area=w * h ; Print area
 printf(" %d ", area);
} Stop
Write a C Program for determining Area of a square

 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<math.h>
 main()
{
 int A, Area;
 scanf("%d", &A);
 Area=pow(A,2);
 printf(" %d ", Area);
}
Write a C Program for determining Area of a Triangle

 #include<stdio.h>
 main() Start
{

READ B,H
 int b, h;
 float area;
Area= ½*B*H
 scanf ("%d %d", &b, &h);
 area = 1/2 * b* h ;
PRINT Area
 printf (" %f ", area);
 }
Stop
Area of a triangle (depends on the 3 sides of traingle)

A+B+C
S=
2
Area = S(S-A)(S-B)(S-C)
Write a C Program for determining Area of a triangle(3
sides of the triangle should be taken from the keyboard)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h> // for ‘sqrt’ function
main()
{
int a, b, c;
float s, Area;
scanf("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c);
s=(a+b+c)/2;
Area = sqrt(s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c));
printf("%f",Area);
}
Area of a Circle
Start
#include<stdio.h>
main()
READ R
{
int r;
Area=3.1416*R*R
float area;
scanf (" %d ", &r);
area = 3.1416 * r * r ; PRINT Area
printf (" %f ", area);
} Stop
Write a C Program for determining Area of a
circle using ( #define preprocessor )

 #include<stdio.h>
Preprocessor
 #define pi 3.1416
 main()
 {
 int r;
 float area;
 scanf (" %d ", &r);
 area = pi * r * r ;
 printf (" %f ", area);
 }
Write a C Program for determining Area of a
circle(using const keyword )

 #include<stdio.h>
main()
{
 const float pi=3.1416;
 int r;
 float area;
 scanf (" %d ", &r);
 area = pi * r * r ;
 printf (" %f ", area);
}
Mother's age is 3 times higher than son. Father's age is more
than 5 years of Mother’s age. Age of the son is X

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int x,m,f;
 scanf("%d",&x);
 m=3*x;
 f=3*x+5;
 printf("%d %d",m,f);
}
#include<stdio.h>

 main()
{
 int F;
 float C;
 scanf ("%d” ,&F);
 C=(F-32)/1.8;
 printf("%f",C);
}
 Brother of Arif is suffering from fever. So Arif took a
clinical thermometer and checked the temperature.
The thermometer had the facility to measure both
Fahrenheit and Celsius. In Fahrenheit the
temperature shows 1000F.
 Write a C program to convert his temperature in
Celsius.
 main() {
 int F=100;
 float C;
 C=(F-32)/1.8;
 printf("%f",C); }
Convert from C to F

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 float F,C;
 scanf("%f",&C);
 F=1.8* C+32;
 printf("%f",F);
}
 There are 20 apples In a basket. By
measuring I got weight of 3 apples
respectively 150g, 175g and 210g.

 Write C program to calculate average of

3 apples. Based of average weight
determine total weight of 20 apples
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
 int A1=150,A2=175,A3=210;
 float Avg, Total;
 Avg=(A1+A2+A3)/3.0;
 Total=Avg*20;
 printf(“%f%f”, Avg,Total);
}
Conditional statement

if statement
if-else statement
if-else if-.....else statement
switch-case statement
1) if statement
 used to apply only one condition
 Performs task if the condition is true

Syntax/structure:

if (conditional)
{
statement(s); Condition True

}
#include<stdio.h>

50
main() Pass
{
int m; 20
scanf("%d",&m);
 if(m>=33)
Condition
 {
 printf("Pass"); Statement

 }
}
 #include<stdio.h>

 main() 50
 { Pass
 int m;
 scanf("%d",&m);
 if(m>=33) 20
 {
 printf("pass");
Fail
 }
 if(m<33)
 {
 printf("Fail");
 }

 }
Flowchart for determining bigger
between two numbers

Start

INPUT
A,B

No Yes
Is A>B?

Print B Print A

Stop
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int A,B; 5
scanf(“%d%d”, &A, &B); 7
if(A>B) 7
{
 printf(“%d”,A); 59
} 17
if(B>A) 59
{
 printf(“%d”,B);
}
}
Larger between 2 integer by using if.
Also consider if they are equel
 if(a>b)
 {
 printf(“%d”,a);
 }
 if(b>a)
 {
 printf(“%d”,b);
 }
 if(a==b)
 {
 printf(“A and B are equal”);
 }
 Determine ifa number is positive, negative or
Zero.
Start
INPUT
X

No Yes
X=0?

No Yes
X>0?

Print Print Print

negative positive Zero

Stop
 main(){
 int x;
 scanf("%d",&x);
 if(x==0)
{
 printf("Zero");
}
 if(x>0)
{
 printf("positive");
}
 if(x<0)
{
 printf("Negative");
}
}
 Largest among 3 numbers
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int a,b,c;
 scanf(“%d%d%d”, &a,&b,&c);
 if((a>b)&& (a>c))
{
 printf(“%d”,a);
 }
 if((b>a) && (b>c))
 {
 printf(“%d”,b);
 }
 if((c>a) && (c>b))
 {
 printf(“%d”,c);
 }
 }
Stem:
 You will enter any number from 0 to
7(integer)
 Computer will show the spelling
 If take 0 output will be Zero
 If take 1 output will be One
 ………………………………….
 If take 7 output will be Seven


 main()
 {
 int x;
 scanf("%d",&x);
 if (x==0)
 {
 printf("Zero");
 }
 if (x==1)
 {
 printf("One");
 }
 if (x==2)
 {
 printf(“Two");
 }
 if (x==3)
 {
 printf(“Three");
 }
 if (x==6)
 {
 printf(“Six");
 }
 if (x==7)
 {
 printf(“Seven");
 }
 if (x==4)
 {
 printf(“Four");
 }
 if (x==5)
 {
 printf(“Five");
 }
 if ((x>7)||(x<0))
 {
 printf(“Wrong Number");
 }
Compare 2 numbers for determining whether
they are equal
 #include<stdio.h>
 int main()
{
 int n1=5,n2=5;
 if (n1==n2)
 printf("the numbers are equal");}
 return 0;
}
Compare 2 numbers for determining whether
they are equal
 #include<stdio.h>
 int main()
{
 int n1=5,n2=7;
 if (n1==n2)
 printf("the numbers are equal");}
 return 0;
}
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int n1,n2;
 scanf(“%d%d”,&n1,&n2);
 if (n1==n2)
 printf("the numbers are equal");
 if (n1!=n2)
 printf("the numbers are NOT equal");
}
Syntax of if-else

 if (condition)
{ Condition True
 Statement1(s);
}
 else
{
 Statement2(s);
}
Condition False
Using if-else statement
 #include<stdio.h>
 main() { int n1=5,n2=5;
 if (n1==n2)
 {
 printf("the numbers are equal");
 }
 else
 {
 printf("the numbers are NOT equal");
 }
 }
 #include<stdio.h>
 main() {
 int n1,n2;
 scanf(“%d%d”,&n1,&n2);
 if (n1==n2)
 {
 printf("equal");
 }
else
 {
 printf("NOT equal");
 }
 }
 Start

INPUT
A,B

False True
Is A>B?

Print B Print A

Stop
 Find the larger between 2 numbers
 #include<stdio.h>
 main() Condition
 {
 int A,B;
 scanf("%d%d",&A,&B);
 if (A>B)
 { statement1
 printf("%d",A);
 }
 else
 {
 printf("%d",B);
 } statement2
 }
 Write a program to input user age and check if S/he is eligible to vote in
Bangladesh.
 (A person in Bangladesh is eligible to vote if S/he is 18+).
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int Age;
scanf("%d",&Age);
if(Age>=18)
{
printf("Voter");
}
else
{
printf("NON Voter");
}
}
#include<stdio.h>
main()
 {
 int Age;
scanf(“%d”,&Age);
 if(Age>=18)
 {
 printf(“%d Voter”, Age);
 }
else
 {
 printf(“%d Not Voter”, Age);
 }
}
Find smaller between 2 integer number
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int a,b;
 scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
 if (a<b)
 {
 printf("%d",a);
 }
 else
 {
 printf("%d",b);
 }
 }
Determine pass or fail
 main()
 {
Condition
 int m;
 scanf("%d",&m);
 if (m>=33)
 { Statement1
 printf("Pass");
 }
 else
 {
 printf("Fail"); Statement2
 }
}
Positive or Negative?
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int x;
 scanf("%d",&x);
 if (x>=0)
 {
 printf(“Positive");
 }
 else
 {
 printf(“Negative");
 }
 }
#include<stdio.h>
 main()
Start
 {
 int X,R; INPUT X
 scanf("%d",&X);
R=X MOD 2
 R=X%2;
 if(R==0)
No Yes
 { R=0?
 printf("Even”);
 } Print Odd Print Even
 else
 {
 printf("Odd "); Stop
 }
 }
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int X;
 scanf("%d",&X);
 if(X%2==0)
 {
 printf("Even”);
 }
 else
 {
 printf("Odd ");
 }

}
Stem: which one is better ? explain
with example

if (condition)
{
if (condition) Operation1;
{ }
Operation1; else
} {
Operation2;
}
Say, eligible for applying for a job is
limited to 18 to 35.
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int Age;
 scanf("%d",&Age);
 if ((Age>=18) && (Age<=35))
 {
 printf ("Eligible");
 }
 else
 {
 printf("Not Eligible");
 }
 }
 A super shop offers a special package
before new year. If any customer purchase
goods of tk 5000 or less, he will get 20%
discount. But if he buys products of more
than tk 5000, he will get 25% discount. Draw
a flowchart for determining discount.
Purchased Discount Discount
Amount percentage amount
5000 or less 20% D=M*20/100

More than 5000 25% D=M*25/100

 Start

Input M

N Y
M ≤ 5000

D=M*0.25 D=M*0.20

Print D

STop
 main()
 {
 float M,D;
 scanf("%f",&M);

 if (M <= 5000)
 {
 D=M*0.20;
 }
 else
 {
 D=M*0.25;
 }

 printf("%f",D);
Determine whether a year is Leap
Year or Not Leap Year
 if(y%400 =0)

 OR

 ((y%4 = 0) AND(y%100≠ 0))

 Start

Read
Read Y
Y

No Y% 400=0 Yes
or
(Y %4=0) AND (Y%100≠0)

Print Print
Not Leap Year Leap Year

Stop
 main()
{
 int y;
 scanf("%d",&y);
 if((y%400==0)||((y%4==0)&&(y%100!=0)))
 {
 printf("Leap year");
 }
 else
 {
 printf( "Not Leap year");
 }
}
 Sushmita’s teacher asked her about her date
of birth so she replayed 29/02/2000. the
teacher told her that she will not able to
celebrate her birthday in every year and also
make her understand by using formula which
years she can celebrate her birthday.

 Write and FC and C program

Flowchart for determine the largest
among three numbers
Start

INPUT
A,B,C

No Yes
A>B?

Yes No No Yes
B>C? A>C?

Print B Print C Print A

Stop
 main()
 {
 int A,B,C;
 scanf(“%d%d%d”,&A,&B,&C);
 if (A>B)
 {
 if(A>C)
 printf(“%d ”,A);
 else
 printf(“%d ”,C);

 }

 else
 {
 if (B>C)
 printf(“%d ”,B);
 else
 printf(“%d ”,C);
 }
 }
3. if -else if -………else statement
if (condition-1)
{
 Statment1(s);
 }
else if(condition-2)
 {
 Statment2(s);
 }
 else if(condition-3)
 {
 Statment3(s);
 }
.......................
........................
else
 {
 Another Statement;
 }
 Start

n1=?
n2=?

n1=n2 Yes
They are equal

No
Yes
n1>n2 n1 is greater

No
n2 is greater

Stop
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int n1,n2;
scanf("%d%d",&n1,&n2);
if (n1==n2)
{
printf("equal");
}
else if (n1>n2)
{
printf("n1 is greater" );
}
else
{
printf("n2 is greater");
}
}
Write a C program to input day number
of week and print week day
Day Day name
Number
Input : 1
1 Saturday Output: Saturday

2 Sunday
Input : 6
3 Monday Output: Thursday

4 Tuesday
5 Wednesday
6 Thursday
7 Friday
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int x;
scanf(“%d”,&x);
if (x==1)
printf(“Saturday”);
else if (x==2)
printf(“Sunday”);
………
else if (x==7)
printf (“Friday”);
else
printf(“Invalid number”);
}
 determine if a number is positive, negative or
Zero.
Start
INPUT
X

No Yes
X=0?

No Yes
X>0?

Print Print Print

Its negative Its Positive X is Zero

Stop
main() {
int x;
scanf("%d",&x);
if(x==0)
{
printf("Zero");
}
else if(x>0)
{
printf("positive");
}
else
{
printf("Negative");
}
}
 Stem: which one is better ? explain
with example
if (condition1)
{
if (condition) Operation1;
{ }
Action1; else if (condition2)
} {
else Operation2;
{ }
...................
Action2;
else {
} another Operation;
}
Fig-1
Fig-2
 Flowchart to determine the largest
among three numbers
Start

INPUT
A,B,C

No Yes
A>B & A>C?

No B>A & Yes Print A

B>C

Print C Print B

Stop
Flowchart for determine the largest
among three numbers
Start

INPUT
A,B,C

No Yes
A>B?

Yes No No Yes
B>C? A>C?

Print B Print C Print A

Stop
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
 int A,B,C;
 scanf("%d%d%d",&A,&B,&C);
 if ((A>B) && (A>C))
 {
 printf("%d",A);
 }
 else if ((B>A) && (B>C))
 {
 printf("%d",B);
 }
 else
 {
 printf("%d",C);
 }
 }
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
 float A,B,C;
 scanf("%f%f%f",&A,&B,&C);
 if ((A>B) && (A>C))
 {
 printf("%f",A);
 }
 else if ((B>A) && (B>C))
 {
 printf("%f",B);
 }
 else
 {
 printf("%f",C);
 }
 }
Stem: write C Program for the
flowchart
Start

INPUT
A,B,C

No Yes
A<B?

Yes No No Yes
B<C? A<C?

X=B X=C X=A

Print X

Stop
main()
{ int A,B,C,X;
scanf("%d%d%d",&A,&B,&C);

 if ((A<B) && (A<C))

 {
 X=A;
 }
 else if ((B<A) && (B<C))
 {
 X=B;
 }
 else
 {
 X=C;
 }
 printf(“%d”,X);
 }
 // Leap year
 main()
 {
 int y;
 scanf("%d", &y);
 if(y%400 ==0)
 {
 printf("Leap year");
 }
 else if ((y%4 == 0)&& (y%100 != 0))
 {
 printf("Leap year");
 }
 else
 {
 printf( "Not Leap year");
 }
Stem: A sales man gets commission
from the company by the following way:

Selling amount (Tk) Commission (%)

More than 20,000 10
10,000 to 20,000 7
Less than 10,000 5

 (c) Draw a flow chart to calculate commission

on the basis of the above stem.
 (d) Write a program in C/C ++ to calculate the
commission with output from the stem.
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 float m,c;
 scanf(“%f”,&m);
 if (m>20000)
 {
 C=m*0.10;
 }
 else if ((m>=10000) && (m<=20000))
 {
 C=m*0.07
 }
 else
 {
 C=m*0.05;
 }

 printf(“%f”,c);
 }
Stem
 80 to 100
 A+
 70 to 79
 A
 60 to 69
 A-
 50 to 59
 B
 40 to 49
 C
 33 to 39
 D
 Otherwise
 F
Find the letter grade for a student
i.e. 90 and above A+ , from 80 to 79 A etc

 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<conio.h>
 main()
 {
 int m;
 scanf(“%d”,&m );
 if ((m>=80) &&(m<=100))
 {
 printf("A+");
 }
 else if ((m>=70)&&(m<=79))
 {
 printf("A");
 }
 else if ((m>=60) &&(m<=69))
 {
 printf("A-");
 }
 else if ((m>=50)&& (m<=59))
 {
 printf("B");
 }
 else if ((m>=40)&&(m<=49))
 {
 printf("C");
 }
 else if (m>=33)&&(m<=39))
 {
 printf("D");
 }
 else
 {
 printf("F");
 }
 getch();
}
 Takes any integer number from 0 to 7 and show
the result in text.
Example: if input is 4 then it will show Four

Give a number:4
Four

Give a number: 1
One
Takes any integer number from 0 to 7 and show the
result in text/spelling .
Example: if input is 4 then it will show Four
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int x;
 printf(“Give a Number”);
 scanf("%d",&x);
 if (x==0)
 {
 printf("Zero");
 }
 else if (x==1)
 {
 printf("One");
 }
 else if (x==2)
 {
 printf("Two");
 }
 else if (x==3)
 {
 printf("Three");
 }
 else if (x==4)
 {
 printf("Four");
 }
 else if (x==5)
 {
 printf("Five");
 }
 else if (x==6)
 {
 printf("Six");
 }
 else if (x==7)
 {
 printf("Seven");
 }
 else
 {
 printf("Wrong Number");
 }
 getch();
 }
 In annual sports students of eleven class
are divided in three groups A, B and C.
Students having roll no 1 to 30 will be in
group "A", 31 to 60 will be in group "B" and
61 to 100 will be in group "C“
 Write down the algorithm to make the
group as mentioned in stem.
 Write down a program in "C" language
using conditional statement to make the
group.
main(){
 int R;
 scanf(“%d”,&R);
 if((R>=1)&&(R<=30))
 printf(“Group A”);
 else if((R>=31)&&(R<=60))
 printf(“Group B”);
 else
 printf(“Group C”);
}
Age Status
More than 16 Senior
13-16 Intermediate
Below 13 Junior
#include<stdio.h>
main()
 { int Age;
 scanf(“%d”,&Age);
 if(Age>16)
 printf(“Senior”);

 if((Age>=13)&&(Age<=16))
 printf(“Intermidiate”);

 if(Age<13)
 printf(“Junior”);
}
Looping/Iteration

for loop
while loop
do-while loop (do loop)
go to loop
 Draw a Flowchart to display the word
“Dhaka” For 10 times
#include<stdio.h> Start

main() i=1
{

int i; No
for(i=1; i<=10; i=i+1) i≤10?

{
Yes
printf("\n Dhaka");
Print
} Dhaka
Stop
i=i+1
}
stem
 Today programming class of class XII is
completed. ICT teacher gave the students an
assignment that print the word “Bangladesh”
5 times. Some students submitted the
assignment by using printf function 5 times
but ICT teacher did not like it told them that
the program is unnecessarily large and it can
be done in a short form.
 How the students wrote the C program
 How the ICT teacher make it shorter ?
include<stdio.h>
main()
{
printf(“Bangladesh");
printf(“Bangladesh");
printf(“Bangladesh");
printf(“Bangladesh");
printf(“Bangladesh");
}
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i;
for(i=1; i<=5; i=i+1)
{
printf(“Bangladesh");
}
}
 Draw a Flowchart to display the word
“Dhaka” For Nth times
#include<stdio.h>

main()
{
int i,N;
scanf(“%d”,&N);
for(i=1; i<=N; i=i+1)
{
printf("\n Dhaka");
}

}
Output=? Write C program for this FC
Ans:
Start
2
i=2
5
8
No
i≤23? 11
Yes 14
Print
i 17
Stop
i=i+3 20
23
 #include<stdio.h> Ans:
2
 main() 5
{
8
 int i;
11
 for(i=2;i<=23;i=i+3)
{ 14
 printf(“\n %d”,i); 17
}
20
}
23
Stem
 Identify and explain the program written
below:
Initialization Counter Update

 for (i=2; i<=23; i=i+3)

Condition
{

printf(“%d”,i); Body of the loop

}
 Structure/Syntax of for loop

 for(Initialization; Condition; Counter Update)

{
 Statement(s);
Body of the loop
}
Show The word Dhaka 10 times

 main()
{
 int i;
 for(i=1; i<=10; i=i+1)
{
 printf("Dhaka");
}

}
RB-2016
 See the series given below and answer
the question:

 10, 20, 30, …………………, 100

 Write a C program to show the output of

the above stem using loop
10,20,30,…………………..100

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int i;
 for(i=10; i<=100; i=i+10)
{
 printf("%d", i);
}
}
 Mr. X joined in a company in contractual
basis on 1/1/2018. Since his job was
contractual, he need to attend office only 1
day in every four day.

 Write C program that will show the dates

when Mr. X will attend the office for 1st month.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
 int i;
 for(i=1;i<=31;i=i+4)
{
 printf(“%d”,i);
}

}
Jb19: show structure of the loop
show and explain output
 #include<stdio.h>
main() OUTPUT:
20
{ 25
Initialization Counter Update
 int i; 30
35
 for(i=20;i<=50;i+5)
Condition
40
{ 45
 printf(“%d”,i); 50
Body of the loop
}
}
What is the Sum of the series:
2+3+4+5
#include<stdio.h>
Start
main()
{ S=0
i=2
int i, S;
S=0; No
i≤5?
for(i=2; i<=5; i=i+1)
{ Y
S=S + i
S=S+i;
} PRINT S
i= i+1
printf(“%d”, S); Stop

}
3+5+7+. . .. . . . . .. . . . .. .+99
#include<stdio.h>
main() {
int i, S; Counter Update
Initialization
S=0;
for(i=3; i<=99; i=i+2)
{ Condition
S=S+i;
Body of the loop
}
printf(“%d”, S);
}
10+13+16+………………..+115=?
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<conio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i,S=0;

 for (i=10; i<=115; i=i+3)

 {
 S=S+i;
}
 printf(“%d”,S);
 getch();
 }
Stem
 Identify and explain the program written
below:
Initialization Counter Update

 for (i=3; i<=99; i=i+2)

{ Condition

 S=S+i;
Body of the loop
}
Stem:what kind of loop is used? Explain.

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
Counter Update
 int i,S; Initialization
 S=0;
 for (i=1; i<=100; i=i+1)
{ Condition

 S=S+i; Statement
}
 printf(“%d”,S);
}
10+15+20+. . .. . . . . .. . . . .. .+N
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,s,N;
scanf("%d",&N);
s=0;
for(i=10; i<=N; i=i+5)
{
s=s+i;
}
printf("%d", s);
}
10+15+20+. . .. . . . . .. . . . .. .+N
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,s,N;
printf("Give value of last element or N");
scanf("%d",&N);
s=0;
for(i=10; i<=N; i=i+5)
{
s=s+i;
}
printf("The result is =%d", s);
}
Rewrite the C program that user
can give input of the last element
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,s=0;
for(i=1; i<=20; i=i+2)
{
s=s+i;
}
printf(“Summation is =%d”, s);
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,s=0,N;
scanf(“%d”,&N);
for(i=1; i<=N; i=i+2)
{
s=s+i;
}
printf(“Summation is %d”,S);
}
Stem: Write C program for the Pseudo code
given below.
 Step1: INPUT N
 Step2: S=0, i=5
 Step3: if i>N goto Step 5 else goto step 4
 Step4: S=S+i, increment value of i by 3 and
repeat step3
 Step5: PRINT S
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i,s,N;
scanf(“%d”,&N);
s=0;
for(i=5; i<=N; i=i+3)
{
s=s+i;
}
printf(“%d”, s);
}
22 + 3 2 + 4 2 +. . . . . . . . . . . + 202
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<math.h>
 main()
 {
 int i, s;
 s=0;
 for(i=2; i<=20; i=i+1)
 {
 s=s+pow(i,2);
 }
 printf(“%d”, s);
 }
14 +34 +54 +- - -- -- ---- --- -- ---+N4
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<math.h>
 main()
 {
 int i, s,N;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 s=0;
 for(i=1; i<=N; i+=2)
 {
 s=s+pow(i,4);
 }
 printf(“%d”, s);
 }
1 +33 +55 +- - -- -- ---- --- -- ---+9999
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<math.h>
 main()
 {
 int i, s;
 s=0;
 for(i=1; i<=99; i+=2)
 {
 s=s+pow(i,i);
 }
 printf(“%d”, s);
}
1 +33 +55 +- - -- -- ---- --- -- ---+9999
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<math.h>
 main()
 {
 int i, s;
 s=0;
 for(i=1; i<=99; i+=2)
 {
 s=s+i^i;
 }
 printf(“%d”, s);
}
12 + 3 4 + 5 6 + . . . . . . . . . . . + NN+1
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<conio.h>
 #include<math.h>
 main()
 {
 clrscr();
 int i, S,N;
 S=0;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 for(i=1; i<=N; i=i+2)
 {
 S=S+pow(i,i+1);
 }
 printf(“%d”, S);
 getch();
 }
200+199+198+. . .. .. . +10
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i, S;
 S=0;
 for(i=200; i>=10; i=i- -)
 {
 S=S+i;
 }
 printf(“%d”, S);

 }
502+482+462+……………….+N2
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<math.h>
 main()
 {
 int N;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 int S=0;
 for(int i=50; i>=N; i=i-2)
 {
 S=S+pow(i,2);
 }
 printf(“%d”, S);
 }
1*2*3*……..*10
 #include<stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int i, M;
 M=1;

 for(i=1; i<=10; i=i+1)

 {
 M=M*i;
 }
 printf(“%d”, M);
 }
1+3+9+27+81+……..+N
 main()
 {
 int i, S, N;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 S=0;
 for(i=1; i<=N; i=i*3)
 {
 S=S+i;
 }

 printf(“%d”, S);
}
 On the date of 12/08/2016 the ICT teacher was
discussing in the class on the Program the
solution to the general problems to make the
computer know the programming language of a
generation with the help of computer and told
that in the next class he would teach how to find
out the result of a number of digit in a series with
the help of C programming. Next day after
writing the series 221 + 223 + 225 + ------- + N on
the black board.
 (c) Make the program of finding out the result of a
series mentioned in the Stimuli with the help of C
language.
 (d) Which of the programs mentioned on the date
in Stimuli by the ICT teacher? Do you think is
more useful? Illustrate your answer.
221+223+225+---------------+N
 main()
 {
 int i,S,N;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 S=0;
 for(i=221; i<=N; i=i+2)
 {
 S=S+i;
 }
 printf(“%d”, S);
 }
#include<stdio.h> Draw FC and Algorithm for the
C program
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
 int a,s=0,n;
 printf(“Value of n:”);
 scanf(“%d”,&n);
 for(a=1;a<=n;a++)
{
 s=s+a*a;
}
 printf(“Sum:=%d”,s);
}
Factorial any positive Integer
Number = N!
N*(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)*…..*1

Or 1*2*3*. . . . . . .*N

Factorial of any positive integer
1*2*3*……………………..*N
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int N,F,i;
 F=1;
 scanf("%d",&N);
 for(i=1;i<=N;i=i+1)
 {
 F=F*i;
 }
 printf("%d", F);
 }
Factorial of any positive integer
N*(N-1)*(N-2)*(N-3)*……*1

Start

INPUT N

F=1
i=N

No
i≥1?

Yes
F=F*i
PRINT F
i= i-1

Stop
Factorial
N!=N*(N-1)*(N-2)*…………….*1
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int N,F,i;
 F=1;
 scanf("%d",&N);
 for(i=N;i>=1;i=i--)
 {
 F=F*i;
 }
 printf("%d", F);
 }
Stem: c) write the FC for the any given value of n
d)if N=4 the result will be 24. show this step by step

main()
Enter the Number:
{ 4
int f=1,N;
Value of the given number 24
printf(“\n Enter the Number:”);
scanf(“%d”,&N);
for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)
{
f=f*i;
}
printf(“\n value of the given number =%d”,f);
}
Stem: C) Draw Flowchart
D) How can we get 13, 19, 25, 31, 37, 43, 49
by changing the C program next
 void main()
{
 int c,s=0;
 for(c=0;c<=100;c++)
 s=s+c;
 printf(“the Total is %d”,s);
}
 Start

S=0
C=0

No
c≤100?

Yes
S=S+C
PRINT S
C= C+1

Stop
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int s,a,b,c;
 scanf(“%d%d%d”,&a,&b,&c);
 s=a+b+c;
 printf(“%d”,s);
}
Use loop and summation of 10 numbers
 Start

i=1
S=0

N
i≤10

input X Print S

Stop
S=S+X
i=i+1
 #include<stdio.h>
 main(){
 int i,s=0,x;
 for (i=1;i<=5;i=i+1)
 {
 scanf("%d",&x); Body of the loop
 s=s+x;
 }
 printf("%d",s);
 }
Try your self
1) Write a C program to calculate the sum of the all even
numbers from 1 to 100
2) Write a C program to calculate the sum of the all Odd
numbers from 1 to N
3) Write a C program to calculate the value of the following
series:
i)13+23+33 . ………....………….+1333
ii) 33+44+55+. . ………....…..….+103103
iii) 23+45+67+ ………..………….+100101
iv) 1+3+9+27+81+………………+N
v) 20+21+22+23+24+……………………+28
vi) 100+98+96+…………………..+N
1 1 1 1
vii) 1     .......... ... 
2 3 4 N

viii) 2*3+ 4*5+ 6*7+……………………….+500*501

syntax of While loop
Initialization;
while(Condition)
{
 Statement(s); Body of
 Counter update; the Loop
}
 3+5+7+9. . . . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . +99 by while
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
 int i,S;
 S=0; Initialization
 i=3;
 while(i<=99)
 { Condition

 S=S+i; Statement
 i=i+2;
 }
 printf("%d", S);
Counter update
}
10,20,30 ,…………….50
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int i;
 i=10;
 while(i<=50)
 {
 printf(“\n %d", i);
i=i+10;
 }
}
2*5*8*…………………………*N (use while)

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i,M,N;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
Initialization
 M=1;
 i=2;
 while(i<=N) Condition
 {
 M=M*i; Statement

 i=i+3; Counter update

 }
 printf("%d", M);
 }
100+99+98+……………..+10

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i,S;
 S=0;
 i=100;
 while(i>=10)
 {
 S=S+i;
 i=i-1;
 }
 printf("%d", S);
 }
Show the word “Bangladesh” for 20 times
using while

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i;
 i=1;
 while(i<=20)
 {
 printf(“Bangladesh”);
 i=i+1;
 }
}

Stem: c) how to calculate sum of all even numbers
up to n by following the syntax of the stem?
d) show the procedure to explain the stem simply
 #include<stdio.h>
 void main()
 {
 int i,S=0, i=1,n;
 printf(“Enter the value of Total Number:”);
 scanf(“%d”,&n);
 while(i<=n)
 {
 S=S+i;
 i=i++;
 }
 printf(“the sum of Total number is%d\n", S);
 getch();
 }
Is it possible to get same result by while loop?

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i,S,N;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 S=0;
 for(i=1;i<=N;i+=2)
 {
 S=S+i;
 }
 printf("%d", S);
 }
main()
{

 int i,S,N;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 S=0;
 i=1;
 while(i<=N)
 {
 S=S+i;
 i+=2;
 }
 printf("%d", S);
}
do while loop
Initialization;
do
 {
 Statement(s); Body of the
 Counter Update; Loop

 } while(Condition);
2+5+8+.......................+N
 main()
 {
 int i,S,N;
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 S=0; Initialization
 i=2;
 do
 {
Statement
 S=S+i;
 i=i+3; Condition
 }while(i<=N);
 printf("%d", S); Counter update
 }
3+5+7+.......................+99
 main()
 {
 int i,S;
 S=0;
 i=3;
 do
 {
 S=S+i;
 i=i+2;
 }while(i<=99);
 printf("%d", S);
}
2+4+6+8 . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. +200 by while

 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<conio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i,S;
 S=0;
 i=2;
 while(i<=200)
 {
 S=S+i;
 i=i+2;
 }
 printf("%d", S);
 getch();
 }
Stem: Draw FC
can you apply do loop producing same result?
analyze
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int i, S;
 S=0;
 for(i=1; i<=100; i=i++)
 {
 S=S+i;
 }
 printf(“Total %d”, S);
}
#include<stdio.h>
main()

{
 int i, S;
 S=0;
 i=1;
 do
{
 S=S+i;
 i=i++;
 } while(i<=100);
 printf(“Total %d”, S);
}
Stem: Draw FC, what change do you need to
make for using while loop ?
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int SUM,N,i;
 printf(“Enter Last Number”);
 scanf(“%d”,&N);
 SUM=0;
 for(i=1; i<=N; i=i+3)
 {
 SUM=SUM+i;
 }
 printf(“Result: %d”, SUM);
 }
100+99+98+……………..+10

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i,S;
 S=0;
 i=100;
 do
 {
 S=S+i;
 i=i-1;
 }
 while(i>=10);
 printf("%d", S);
 }
 Example: 2+3+4+.. . . .. . .+10
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdio.h>
main() main()
{ {
int i,S; int i,S;
S=0; S=0;
i=2; i=2;
while(i<=10) do
{ {
S=S+i; S=S+i;
i=i+1; i=i+1;
} } while(i<=10);
printf("%d",S); printf("%d",S);
} }
 What about this?
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdio.h>
main() main()
{ {
int i,S; int i,S;
S=0; S=0;
i=2; i=2;
while(i<=1) do
{ {
S=S+i; S=S+i;
i=i+1; i=i+1;
} } while(i<=1);
printf("%d",S); printf("%d",S);
} }
Stem: modify the program to print Computer Science
at lest once even after condition is false

 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int i;
 for (i=1; i<=100; i=i+1)
{
 printf(“Computer Science”);
}
}
#include<stdio.h>

 main()
{
 int i=1;
 do
{
 printf(“\n Computer Science”);
 i=i+1;
} while(i<=100);
}
Stem: FC & algorithm
 void main()
 {
 int i,S=0, i=1,n;
 printf(“Enter the value of Total Number:”);
 scanf(“%d”,&n);
 while(i<=n)
 {
 S=S+i;
 i=i++;
 }
 printf(“the sum of Total number is%d\n", S);
}
 If C=1 and C=C+1
Is replaced by C=2 and
Input N C=C+2 than write a C
program
Let, S=0, C=1

Let, S=S+C
C=C+1

Yes
Is C<=N?

No

Print S
main()
{
 int S=0, c=2,n;
 scanf(“%d”,&n);
 do
{
 S=S+c;
 c=c+2;
 } while(c<=n);
 printf(“%d", S);
}
#include<stdio.h> Use do while loop
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
 int a,s=0,n;
 printf(“Value of n:”);
 scanf(“%d”,&n);
 for(a=1;a<=n;a++)
{
 s=s+a*a;
}
 printf(“Sum:%d”,s);
}
1+3+5+………….+99
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
 int i,S;
 S=0;
 i=1;
 do
 {
 s=s+i;
 i=i+2;
 } while(i<=99);
 printf("%d", s);
 }
Stem:c) FC
D) implement by do loop
 #include<stdio.h>
 void main()
 {
 int i,S,n;
 printf("Enter Last Term");
 scanf("%d",&n);
 S=0;
 for(i=1;i<=n; i=i+3)
 {
 S=S+i;
}
 printf(“ Summation %d ", S);
}
2+4+6+---------------------+100
 main()
{
 int i,S=0;
Initialization
 i=2;
 MRC: S=S+i; Statement
 i=i+2;
Counter update
 if(i<=100) goto MRC;
 printf(“%d”,S); Condition

}
Draw FC
implement by GOTO
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int s,c;
 for(c=100;c>=40;c=c--)
 {
 s=s+c;
 }
 Printf(“%d”,s)
}
Stem: RB 2017
 See the series given below and answer the
question:

 10, 20, 30, …………………, 100

 Write a C program to show the output above

stem using goto
 #include<stdio.h>
 main()
{
 int i=10;
 MRC:
 printf(“%d”,i);
 i=i+10;
 if (i<=100) goto MRC;
}
#include<stdio.h>
main()

{
int i=10;
tanvir:
printf(“%d”,i);
i=i+10;
if(i<=100) goto tanvir;
}
Ctg 19 : use if and goto
 (90)2+ (80)2 + (70)2 -------------------------+ (20)2

main()
{
int S=0;i=90;
 X:
 S=S+pow(i,2);
 i=i-10;
 if(i>=20) goto X;
 printf(“%d”,S);
 }
 After discussing details about C programming
ICT teacher ask the student to calculate the
GCD of 6 and 12.
 C) write C program for the stem mention
above .
LCM Start

Input A,B

No Yes
A>B
X=B X=A

X%A=0 Yes
&
X%B=0?
Print LCM=X
No
X=X+1
Stop
 main(){
 int a,b,x;
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
if (a>b)
 x=a;
 else
 x=b;
 loop1: if ((x%a==0)&&(x%b==0))
 printf("%d",x);
 else {
 x=x+1;
 goto loop1;
 }
}