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Why Open GW and CAMARA Is Not Plug and Play v1

The white paper discusses the complexities surrounding the implementation of Open Gateway and CAMARA APIs, which are not as plug-and-play for mobile operators as intended due to diverse architectures, fragmented systems, and regulatory challenges. It emphasizes the necessity of middleware solutions to streamline integration, enhance API exposure, and address operational demands. The paper outlines strategic options for operators, including in-house development, aggregator partnerships, and middleware adoption, with the latter being positioned as a balanced approach to achieving efficiency and competitiveness in the digital services landscape.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
200 views20 pages

Why Open GW and CAMARA Is Not Plug and Play v1

The white paper discusses the complexities surrounding the implementation of Open Gateway and CAMARA APIs, which are not as plug-and-play for mobile operators as intended due to diverse architectures, fragmented systems, and regulatory challenges. It emphasizes the necessity of middleware solutions to streamline integration, enhance API exposure, and address operational demands. The paper outlines strategic options for operators, including in-house development, aggregator partnerships, and middleware adoption, with the latter being positioned as a balanced approach to achieving efficiency and competitiveness in the digital services landscape.

Uploaded by

osvaldo.aldao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Why Open Gateway/CAMARA

Isn't Plug-and-Play
WHITE PAPER

enea.com
WHY OPEN GATEWAY / CAMARA ISN'T PLUG-AND-PLAY

Table of Contents

Navigation Instructions:

• Click on any chapter title to jump directly to that section.


• Click the Enea logo in the bottom-left corner of any page to return to this overview.
• Click enea.com in the bottom-right corner to visit our website.

01. Executive Summary 2

02. The API Exposure Business Opportunity 3

03. CAMARA API Integration Challenges 4

04. The Middleware Solution 9

05. Strategic Directions for Operators 12

06. Our Middleware: The Enea API Composition Engine 13

Appendix A
The Vision of Open Gateway and CAMARA 16

Appendix B
Questions You Should Ask Yourself and Your Team 18

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 1


CHAPTER 01

Executive Summary

Despite global efforts to harmonize


and standardize telecom APIs,
CAMARA may not be as plug-and-
play for mobile operators as they
would like it to be.
The GSMA Open Gateway initiative and CAMARA
APIs aim to simplify access to mobile network
capabilities through standardized APIs, enabling
enterprises and developers to build consistent,
scalable services. While the initiative promotes
a “plug-and-play” vision, the reality for mobile
operators is far more complex.

This white paper explores why Open Gateway


and CAMARA APIs are not plug-and-play from an
operator’s perspective. It highlights key challeng-
es such as architectural diversity, fragmented
backend systems, regulatory constraints, and
inconsistent onboarding and commercial models.
These factors lead to significant variation in API
implementation, even when standards exist.

To bridge the gap between vision and execution,


operators need robust middleware solutions.
These platforms can harmonize data across silos,
streamline integration with legacy and next-gener-
ation networks, and support critical features such
as version control, high availability, authentica-
tion, and observability.

The paper outlines strategic options for opera-


tors—from building in-house platforms to relying
on aggregators—and positions middleware as a
balanced path forward. Operators that embrace
middleware can accelerate API exposure, reduce
development overhead, and remain competitive
in a rapidly evolving digital services landscape.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 2


CHAPTER 02

The API Exposure


Business Opportunity
The global mobile operator market, once characterized by rapid growth, has
now entered a saturation phase with single-digit growth rates.

A blog by Don Alusha from ABI Research, titled 5G Innovation Maturity Strategies for CSPs: Seizing High-Risk,
Long-Term Growth in the Telecom Industry, highlights these challenges:

• Consumer-centric business accounts for 75-80% of CSP revenues. Read ABI Research's
• Subscriber growth is slowing with price pressure, leading to stagnating revenues. blog post
• 5G presents opportunities for new revenue streams, including data exposure,
network slicing, private networks, and IoT. EXPLORE

Among these opportunities, data exposure stands out as a great opportunity for mobile operators. By leveraging
their vast network assets and data—while maintaining strict privacy protections—operators can unlock new
revenue streams and drive innovation.

The core objective of this evolving ecosystem is to empow-


er enterprises to deliver greater value to their users through
secure and seamless digital experiences. Mobile operators APP Enterprise
play a key role in this landscape, as they are widely regard- Application
ed as trusted entities by end users.

Northbound
The GSMA Open Gateway initiative and CAMARA APIs,
introduced in February 2020, aim to standardize access to
these capabilities. By providing interoperable APIs across
API
operators, they enable both external developers,
Southbound
enterprises and operator in-house teams to build
applications more efficiently.
MNO Mobile Core, OSS or
System BSS system

About This White Paper


This white paper examines the practical realities of implementing Open Gateway and CAMARA from a mobile
operator’s perspective. While these APIs sometimes are considered to be a "plug-and-play" experience, the
reality of southbound integration with core networks and OSS/BSS systems presents significant challenges. We
highlight the need for middleware solutions to bridge this gap and enable more efficient adoption.
If you are not yet familiar with CAMARA, we recommend reading Appendix A: The Vision of Open Gateway and
CAMARA at the end of this document before proceeding.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 3


CHAPTER 03

CAMARA API Integration


Challenges
For software developers and enterprises using CAMARA APIs on the
northbound side, the experience often feels like plug-and-play.

This perception stems from the developer-focused design:

• Standardized RESTful APIs: Familiar and easy to implement for modern web developers.

• Abstraction of Complexity: Developers interact with clean interfaces without dealing with
underlying network intricacies.

• Cross-Operator Consistency: A single integration works across multiple operators.

• Open-Source Tools: Collaborative resources make adoption more straightforward.

• Aggregators: Provide immediate operator access for enterprises and developers globally.

However, for mobile operators, southbound integration—connecting APIs to the core network,
OSS, and BSS systems—is anything but simple.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 4


The Southbound Integration Challenge

Southbound integration requires significant effort to align APIs with complex


telecom infrastructures.

1: System Complexity
Telecom networks feature specialized architectures and diverse components
(e.g., EPC, 5GC, OSS, BSS).

2: Siloed Data Sources


CAMARA APIs often require data from multiple systems, necessitating harmonization.

3: Customization Needs
To fulfill CAMARA API requests, operators may need to implement additional logic
that performs lookups across multiple data sources.

4: Latency and Security


Ensuring compliance and maintaining performance SLAs add layers of complexity.

5: Legacy Systems
Many operators rely on outdated systems that require require specialized integra-
tion through legacy interfaces to avoid the complexity and cost of upgrading to
support modern APIs.

6: Maintenance and Flexibility


Sustaining integrations over time demands robust, adaptable solutions.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 5


Key Business and Operational Demands to Consider

From an outside-in perspective, enterprises require a secure, consistent API


service that enables them to deliver a uniform experience to all consumers.
This leads to several critical requirements.

Uniformity of APIs Across Operators


Enterprises need standardized APIs across different mobile operators to ensure seamless integration
and avoid fragmentation in their services.

Consistent Customer Interaction Across Devices and Networks (4G & 5G)
• APIs must provide a seamless experience for consumers, whether they are on 4G or 5G networks.

• API responses should remain uniform regardless of the subscriber’s network or device type.

Sustainable and Future-Proof API Services


• APIs must evolve rapidly to keep pace with changing user behavior and enterprise demands.

• New API versions should be introduced without disrupting existing integrations.

• Operators need mechanisms to track, manage, and maintain multiple API versions.

High Availability and Reliability


• APIs must meet stringent uptime requirements (e.g., 99.999% availability) to support critical
services such as banking authentication (e.g., number verification for OTP-based logins).

• Frequent or prolonged outages could damage enterprise trust and negatively impact the
customer experience.

• Operators must ensure reliability, redundancy, and rapid fault resolution.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 6


Agility in Responding to Market Demands

• Enterprises operate on fast-paced development


cycles, often launching new services within
6 to 12 months.

• They expect their operator partners to evolve


just as quickly—or faster.

• Traditional operator turnaround times for


launching market-facing initiatives are often too
slow to meet these expectations.

Security and Trust


• Mobile operators are generally perceived as trusted service providers.

• APIs must inherently safeguard consumer privacy and prevent misuse.

• Any instance of data theft could seriously damage the operator’s brand and must be proactively
prevented.

• Enterprises need assurances that operator APIs are secure and not vulnerable to spoofing or
unauthorized access.

• Operators must also protect their API infrastructure from DDoS attacks and other security threats
to prevent service disruptions.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 7


Critical Considerations for Reliable API Exposure Services
Currently, most operator-driven use cases focus on exposing core network data
for services such as SIM swap detection, number verification, and quality-of-
service on demand (as promoted by GSMA).

Even for these relatively straightforward services, the Key limitations and challenges include:
necessary data is often scattered across multiple
systems and organizational units within a mobile • The NEF solutions from core network vendors
operator. only expose predefined 3GPP-specified
endpoints.

• Custom expansions to NEF often require


As CAMARA API innovations grow in alignment with vendor roadmaps, creating
complexity, cross-silo integrations will dependency risks.
become essential to ensure seamless • Since an NEF may be limited to HTTP/2 and
data access and interoperability across REST interfaces, MNOs must develop their
different operator systems. own exposure functions for pre-5G networks
and legacy systems, supporting a variety of
protocols such as Diameter, RADIUS, and SS7.

Challenges With Cross-Silo • Providing 4G and 5G data via a unified API


remains a significant challenge, requiring
Integrations integration across multiple silos.
Operator data assets are distributed across multiple
operational silos, including:
Ensuring Sustainability and Reliability
• Core networks Operators must commit to API-related SLAs to ensure
consistent service delivery. Robust throttling and load
• Business systems
control mechanisms—such as caching—are essential
• Customer care systems to manage API traffic effectively, preventing latency
Seamless integration across these silos is critical for issues and avoiding overload of core network systems.
delivering a cohesive, efficient, and reliable API ser-
vice. Note that it is not always about technology, but They also need reliable CDR and statistics capabil-
also about organizational ownership. ities to ensure accurate usage tracking and prevent
revenue leakage.
Challenges in 4G and 5G Integration
Security Considerations
Operators have leveraged off-the-shelf NEF (Network
Exposure Function) solutions for 5G, but there is no
equivalent standardized solution for exposing 4G core
network data.

Ensuring secure API access requires robust authen-


tication mechanisms, such as API keys, to verify and
control usage. Additionally, strong authentication and
validation mechanisms help prevent unauthorized
access, ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of
exposed APIs.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 8


CHAPTER 04

The Middleware
Solution
A middleware solution—in the form of an abstraction layer, platform,
or gateway—is essential for bridging these gaps.

APP
Application

Northbound

API

Southbound

OSS Logic
Mobile
Core
BSS

Partner Partner
MNO MNO

Westbound Middleware Eastbound

A middleware solution provides standardized CAMARA API interfaces while managing the complexities of south-
bound integration.

By harmonizing data across silos, it ensures seamless and secure access to operator assets. Additionally, it
optimizes performance through caching, protocol conversion, and configurable logic while handling critical
functions such as authentication, authorization, and CDR generation for billing.

To support operational and business needs, it includes audit capabilities, rate limiting for per-use business
models, and robust Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) features. High availability is ensured
through a robust design and geographical redundancy, while observability and troubleshooting tools enable
proactive monitoring and issue resolution.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 9


Bridging the Gap: Technical Aspects of a Middleware

Middleware solutions can bridge the gap effectively through features such as:

• Complexity Abstraction: Enables data retrieval from multiple underlying systems, with the flexibility to
incorporate additional logic as required.

• Protocol Flexibility: Adapters that bridge standardized CAMARA APIs with legacy OSS/BSS interfaces.
While APIs are exposed over HTTP/REST, backend integration can rely on legacy interfaces, with the
flexibility to extend to gRPC as needed.

• Data Normalization: Converting formats, enriching data, and aligning models across systems.

• Caching: Distributed strategies to reduce latency and optimize performance.

• Security Management: OAuth 2.0, token-based security, and role-based access controls.

• Scalability: Load balancing and overload protection.

• Billing & Usage Tracking: Granular metering of API consumption to support accurate chargeback
models, enforce usage quotas, and maintain cost transparency.

• Audit Logging & Access Control: Robust logging of API interactions, role-based access restrictions,
and rate limiting to prevent misuse while ensuring fair and secure resource allocation.

• Version handling: Ensure a smooth roll-out of new API versions by implementing robust versioning
strategies, backward compatibility, and seamless migration paths for enterprises relying on the APIs.

• Error Handling: Centralized logging, error codes, and troubleshooting tools.

Additionally, middleware can support east- and westbound integrations to facilitate collaboration
among operators.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 10


Bridging the MNO Organizational Divide

Technical Divide Operational Divide


Data assets such as subscriber profiles, device Stakeholders in silos prioritize their systems’ perfor-
information, and session data are dispersed across mance and security, often resisting external integra-
organizational silos. Middleware addresses this by: tions. Middleware can:

• Seamless Access: Harmonizing disparate • Balance Stakeholder Concerns: Ensure


data sources. secure, SLA-compliant data handling.

• Efficient Responses: Managing multi-system • Minimize Impact: Reduce load on critical


queries and caching data for faster processing. systems with intelligent query management.

• Advanced Logic:
• Upload of Open API definitions.
• Package advanced or commonly used logic into
manageable plugins.
• Using internal queries to pre-fetch and cache
related data for subsequent requests.
• Flexible addition of protocol adapters.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 11


CHAPTER 05

Open Gateway/CAMARA:Strategic
Directions for Operators
Mobile operators engaging with Open Gateway / CAMARA must make critical
strategic decisions regarding their approach to API exposure.

Don't miss Apendix B:


Questions You Should
Ask Yourself and
Your Team

GO THERE

There are three primary strategic options to select from:

1 In-House Bespoke Development


Building and maintaining an in-house platform provides full control but requires significant
resources, expertise, and long-term investment. While it enables the development of unique
offerings, responding to new customer requests may be slower compared to competitors
leveraging middleware solutions. Middleware allows for faster development by streamlining
integration and sharing part of the development effort with others, enabling quicker adaptation to
market demands.

2 Aggregator Dependency
Partnering with third-party aggregators reduces internal development efforts but comes at the cost
of revenue sharing and potential loss of control over API services.

3 Middleware Solutions (A Balanced Approach)


Middleware offers a scalable and flexible alternative, allowing operators to streamline API ex-
posure without the heavy resource burden of fully bespoke development or the constraints of
aggregator reliance. By leveraging middleware, operators can allocate their development resourc-
es more effectively, focusing on creating truly unique features that enhance competitiveness while
maintaining efficiency and agility.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 12


CHAPTER 06

Our Middleware Solution:


Enea API Composition Engine
The Enea API Composition Engine (ACE) is a powerful new solution built on
Enea’s highly scalable and reliable telecom framework, trusted by leading ser-
vice providers worldwide.

Built for Flexibility

Enea ACE enables operators to quickly adapt


to evolving requirements without the need for
extensive development skills. Its GUI-based
configurable logic allows for intuitive use case
implementation, where:

• New use cases can easily be added to


a system by GUI configuration.

• A rule-set can be configured to fetch


data from multiple sources and based
on the result apply mobile operator-
defined logic.

• Rule-sets can interact with other rule-


sets (chained rules) and plugins.

This modular approach, combined with a rich


selection of protocol adapters, ensures seam-
less integration with existing systems. Oper-
ators can modify deployment logic through
configuration rather than developing code,
accelerating time to market.

Our flexible architecture also enables the


development and integration of new protocol
adapters as needed. Furthermore, service
providers can upload Open API-based specifi-
cations—such as CAMARA APIs—directly into
the rules engine, providing an ideal starting
point for further logic development.

For advanced or common use cases, Enea's software engineers can extend functionality by developing software
plugins, providing maximum adaptability in an ever-evolving telecom landscape.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 13


Enea ACE - Essential Supporting Capabilities
Beyond logic and flexibility, Enea ACE includes a suite of critical supporting functionalities, which
can be extended over time based on customer needs:

• API Management: Authentication, CDR generation (billing), audit logging, and rate limiting.

• API Discovery: Empowers third-party developers to easily discover and use APIs.

• Usage Monitoring: Provides robust tracking to facilitate monetization strategies.

• Cross-Integration: Enables seamless integration with other cloud services to create


business processes around APIs.

• Deployment Flexibility: The solution features a cloud-native architecture that leverages


microservices, supporting deployment as VNFs, CNFs, or on standard commercial off-the-
shelf (COTS) servers.

• Caching: Reduces load on backend systems by storing frequent requests.

• Operations & Maintenance (OAM): Robust tools for system administration including
version handling of APIs.

• High Availability (HA): Geo-redundant architecture for maximum reliability.

• Observability & Troubleshooting: Advanced monitoring, testing, and diagnostics.

With its powerful combination of flexibility, scalability, and operational resilience, Enea ACEhelp
operators streamline API exposure while ensuring high performance and reliability.

Conclusion
Middleware solutions are indispensable for realizing the potential of Open Gateway / CAMARA
APIs. By addressing both technical and operational challenges, they enable mobile operators to
unlock new revenue streams efficiently and sustainably.

With deep expertise in integration, AAA, and policy solutions, Enea is uniquely positioned to deliv-
er carrier-grade middleware tailored for API use cases—including those based on CAMARA.

By partnering with Enea, operators can:

• Achieve faster time-to-market at reduced costs.

• Leverage proven integration expertise.

• Maintain control while benefiting from shared development resources.

• Ensure carrier-grade performance, scalability, and reliability.

Contact us today to start your journey


towards seamless and scalable API CONTACT US
integration.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 14


About Enea

Enea is a global specialist in advanced telecom and cybersecurity software, with a vision to making the
world’s communications safer and more efficient. Dedicated to innovation and security, our solutions
connect, optimize, and protect communications between people, companies, and connected
devices worldwide. We serve 160+ communication service providers across more than 90 countries,
supporting over 30% of the world’s mobile subscriptions, with billions relying on our software every day.

Headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, Enea is publicly listed on NASDAQ Stockholm.

To learn more, visit: www.enea.com.

Author

Iftikhar Waheed
Product Management Director, Enea

Copyright © 2025 Enea. All rights reserved. Enea and the Enea logo, are trademarks of Enea.
Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
APPENDIX A

The Vision of Open Gateway


and CAMARA

The GSMA Open Gateway APIs, developed under the Linux Foundation’s CAMARA project, aim to simplify devel-
oper access to telecom networks. These APIs provide:

• Standardization: Unified interfaces for global operator interoperability.

• Enhanced Capabilities: Access to features like quality on demand, location services, identity verification,
and edge computing.

• Open Source: Collaborative development to foster innovation.

• Operator Collaboration: Alignment with real-world network capabilities and business needs.

These APIs transform telecom networks into service enablement platforms by exposing capabilities in an on-de-
mand, secure, and controlled manner. CAMARA APIs’ abstraction from network to service APIs ensures they are
user-friendly, respect data privacy, and facilitate application-to-network integration. Additionally, their availabili-
ty across telco networks and countries accelerates technology development and commercial adoption, reduces
implementation efforts, and supports application portability.

As of January 2025, CAMARA APIs include features such as device status checks, SIM Swap, Know Your Custom-
er (KYC) processes, location verification, and network quality management. While these northbound APIs are
designed for simplicity and consistency, southbound integration poses significant challenges.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 16


Below is an overview of the current (January 2025) CAMARA APIs:

API name API product family Description of use

Device Status Subcriber Identity Checks connectivity status for user equipment, including roaming status, coun-
try, and connection status. Can notify of status changes in subscription mode.
device-reachability-status
device-roaming-status
KYC Fill-in Subscriber Identity Allows requesting and receiving verified user information from mobile operator
(Know Your Customer) KYC records. Useful for one-click checkout, form auto-fill, and verifying user
details.
KYC Match Subscriber Identity Validates user-provided information against verified mobile operator records to
(Know Your Customer) prevent fraud and ensure KYC compliance.
Number Verification1 Subscriber Identity Verifies that the provided mobile number matches the one used in the device for
authentication purposes.
One Time Password (SMS)1 Subscriber Identity Delivers and validates a short-lived one-time password via SMS for proof of
phone number possession and authentication.
SIM Swap1 Subscriber Identity Checks when a SIM card associated with a mobile number was last changed,
which is useful for fraud prevention.
Device Location Location Checks if a mobile device is near a given location within a specified accuracy
Verification1 range.
Device Geofencing Location Enables subscriptions to receive notifications when devices enter or exit speci-
Subscription fied areas.
Location Retrieval Location Retrieves a device's location based on current network conditions.
For people-to-people payment, logistics etc.
Connectivity Insights Network Quality Allows an application developer to query the likelihood that networking require-
/ Optimisation ments can be met for a given end-user session, which is useful for optimizing
user experience.
Mobile Quality on Network Quality Controls mobile connectivity service quality for applications like 5G online
Demand / Optimisation gaming. The app can request stable latency (reduced jitter) and minimum
throughput.
Home Devices Quality Network Quality Enables application developers to control the (Wi-Fi) network configuration
On Demand (QoD) / Optimisation of their End Users devices when they are connected through the Wi-Fi access
point provided by a telco fixed line. Developers can request to change, on de-
mand, the desired QoS behaviour.
Simple Edge Discovery1 MEC Allows applications to discover the nearest Edge-Cloud zone for connection.
(Mobile Edge Cloud)
Traffic Influence MEC Provides intent-based interface to request optimal latency for edge-deployed
(Mobile Edge Cloud) services. (Optimal routing in terms of latency).
Carrier Billing Payments & Charging Allows an online merchant to enable the purchase of third-party digital goods
and to request payment against the user’s Mobile Operator billing system.

1) It should be noted that only Device location verification, Number verification, One-Time Password, Simple
Edge Discovery, and SIM Swap are considered stable at this time (January 2025). For the latest information about
the CAMARA APIs, please refer to the CAMARA project site at Github.

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 17


APPENDIX B

Questions You Should Ask


Yourself and Your Team
These are some of the questions mobile operators should ask themselves when choosing their long-term
strategy for Open Gateway / CAMARA (and other API initiatives).

1. Strategic Positioning & Control


• Do we want full control over our API exposure strategy, or are we willing to depend on
third-party aggregators?

• What safeguards will prevent aggregators from commoditizing our network APIs?

• How will our choice impact our competitive differentiation in the market?

• What level of customization and flexibility do we require for our APIs?

• Will proprietary API extensions (beyond CAMARA standards) create competitive


advantages or fragment the ecosystem?

2. Resource Investment & Operational Impact


• Do we have the internal expertise and resources to build and maintain an in-house API
exposure platform?

• Can we justify the opportunity cost of dedicating engineering resources to bespoke API
development vs. core network operations?

• What are the long-term costs and operational complexities of managing API
infrastructure internally?

• How can we ensure smooth integration across our existing network, business, and
customer care systems?

• How will we resolve conflicting priorities between network, IT, and business units
regarding API ownership and revenue sharing?

• Do we have cross-functional teams capable of managing API lifecycle operations


(development, marketing, support)?

3. Security and Compliance


• How do we manage security risks such as unauthorized API access, DDoS attacks, and
data privacy concerns?

• How will we maintain API SLAs during network outages or cyberattacks?

• How will we audit third-party aggregators’ use of sensitive network data?

• What mechanisms ensure GDPR/CCPA compliance when exposing cross-silo data via
APIs (e.g., device location sharing)?

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 18


• Are our API terms of service compatible with regional data sovereignty laws such as
the EU’s Data Act?

• How will we handle liability for API-driven fraud (e.g., SIM swap failures)?

4. Monetization & Revenue Sharing


• Should we adopt GSMA’s proposed models (time-based, tiered access) or develop
operator-specific monetization strategies?

• How will we avoid price wars with other operators offering identical CAMARA APIs?

• What monetization opportunities do we foresee with API exposure?

• Are we willing to share revenue with aggregators, or do we prefer to retain full ownership
of API-related revenues?

• How do we balance cost efficiency with revenue potential in our API strategy?

• What contingency plans exist if a key aggregator changes pricing/terms?

5. Technical Challenges & Future-Proofing


• How do we ensure seamless API versioning and backward compatibility?

• Can we integrate both 4G and 5G core network data into a unified API offering?

• Can our OSS/BSS systems support real-time API orchestration across siloed data sources
(core networks, CRM, billing)?

• How will we handle API version conflicts between CAMARA updates and legacy infrastructure?

• Can our architecture support AI-driven APIs requiring real-time data from 5G core, IoT platforms,
and edge systems?

6. Agility & Market Responsiveness


• How quickly can we roll out new APIs and adapt to changing enterprise needs?

• What internal bottlenecks may slow down our ability to innovate with APIs?

• How do we benchmark our API exposure speed and agility against industry best practices?

• Do we have tools to simplify API testing/onboarding (e.g., sandbox environments, SDKs)?

7. Reliability & Service Quality


• What SLAs should we commit to for API uptime and performance?

• How do we handle API load balancing, throttling, and failover mechanisms?

• How can we prevent service disruptions that could damage enterprise trust in our APIs?

Why Open Gateway / CAMARA isn't plug-and-play enea.com 19

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