ITWD Assignment 5

1. Write full form of 1. WWW 2. HTTP

1. WWW: World Wide Web
2. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol

2. List and explain basic elements of WWW.

Basics of the World Wide Web:

1. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): The fundamental language for creating web
pages. It structures content with elements like headings, paragraphs, links, images,
and more.

2. URL (Uniform Resource Locator): The unique address of a web page, like a phone
number for the web. It helps browsers locate and retrieve the page's content.

3. HTTP/HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Secure): The protocol used for

transferring web pages from a server to a browser. HTTPS adds a layer of security
through encryption, keeping your data safer.

4. Web Browser: The software application used to access and display web pages.
Examples include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge.

5. Web Server: A computer system that hosts websites and delivers web pages to
users upon request. Think of it as a library, storing all the web's information and
serving it up when asked.

6. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Used to control the presentation and layout of web
pages. It allows developers to style HTML elements with fonts, colors, spacing, and
more.

7. JavaScript: A scripting language used to create dynamic and interactive web

content, enhancing the user experience by allowing web pages to respond to user
actions.
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3. What do you mean Web Browser? What facilities provided by Web

Browser.
A web browser is a software application that enables you to access and view
information on the internet. It translates the HTML code that websites are built from
into the text, images, and videos you see on your screen. Browsers also provide
facilities such as:

- Navigating web pages using hyperlinks

- Bookmarking favorite websites
- Managing multiple tabs for multitasking
- Ensuring security through encrypted connections (HTTPS)
- Running web applications like email or office tools

4. List and explain use of 1. Bookmark 2. History List

➔ Bookmarks are digital placeholders you can use to save links to web pages
you want to revisit. They're like adding sticky notes to your favorite parts of a
book but in your browser. This is super handy for quick access to frequently
visited sites without having to remember their URLs.

➔ The History List keeps track of all the web pages you've visited. It’s like a
digital breadcrumb trail of your online activities. If you need to find a page you
visited a week ago but forgot to bookmark, you can usually track it down in
your history list. It's also useful for tracing back steps if you need to recall
what sites you visited on a particular day.

5. Write only name of main element of web browser.(IE or Chrome

or Firefox)

1. URL Bar
2. Navigation Buttons
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3. Bookmarks
4. History
5. Tabs
6. Extensions/Add-ons
7. Search Bar

6. What are web search engine? How a search engine works?

A web search engine is a tool that helps you find information on the internet by
searching for keywords or phrases. When you enter a query, the search engine
scans its index for relevant web pages and ranks them based on their relevance to
your query.

Here's a quick rundown of how it works:

1. Crawling: Search engines use bots, or spiders, to scour the web, discovering new
and updated pages.
2. Indexing: The information from these pages is stored in a massive database, so
the search engine can quickly retrieve it when needed.
3. Ranking: When you perform a search, the engine sorts the indexed pages by
relevance, using complex algorithms to determine what should appear first.

7. What are various search criteria for search in search engine?

Search engines offer a variety of criteria to help refine and target your searches:

1. Keywords: The most basic and common method, where you use specific words or
phrases related to what you’re looking for.
2. Boolean Operators: Using AND, OR, NOT to combine or exclude keywords.
3. Exact Match: Putting your search term in quotation marks to find results with the
exact phrase.
4. File Type: Searching for specific file formats, like PDFs or DOCs.
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5. Date Range: Filtering results based on when they were published or updated.
6. Site or Domain: Searching within a specific website or domain.
7. Location: Finding results relevant to a particular geographic area.
8. Related Search: Looking for pages that are similar to a specific site.

8. Write a note on Web meta searches and web search agents.

Web Meta Searches: These are search engines that send your query to multiple sea
rch engines simultaneously and aggregate the results. They don't have their own ind
ex but rely on the indexes of other search engines. This can give you a broader range
of results and save time by not having to search each engine separately. Examples in
clude Dogpile and Metacrawler.
Web Search Agents: Also known as intelligent agents or bots, these are programs t
hat perform searches on behalf of users, automating tasks such as retrieving data fr
om the internet, monitoring changes to web pages, or even conducting real-
time searches. They work in the background and can provide notifications or update
s based on the criteria you’ve set. Think of them as your personal web assistants.

9. What is the use of ? Explain tag with description and key word
attributes.

The <meta> tag is used in HTML to provide metadata about the HTML document. Thi
s metadata isn't visible on the web page itself but is valuable for search engines and
browsers.
• Description Attribute: Provides a brief summary of the page's content. This descrip
tion often appears in search engine results under the page title, giving users a snaps
hot of what to expect.
<meta name="description" content="A comprehensive guide on how to use the
meta tag in HTML.">
• Keyword Attribute: Specifies a list of keywords relevant to the page. This helps sear
ch engines understand what topics the page covers. However, it's less used today b
ecause search engines rely more on content quality.
<meta name="keywords" content="HTML, meta tag, web development, SEO">

10. Write only name of any four-search engine.

1. Google
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2. Bing
3. DuckDuckGo
4. Yahoo

11. What do you mean by 1. Web Hosting 2. Web

Publishing

Web Hosting: This involves providing storage space and access for websites on the
internet. Web hosts offer the technology and infrastructure needed to keep your
website up and running, visible to users around the world. Think of it as renting
space on a server to house your website's files.

Web Publishing: This is the process of creating and uploading content on the
internet. It includes everything from designing and coding the website to updating
and maintaining its content. Web publishing can be as simple as writing a blog post
or as complex as developing an entire e-commerce site.

12. List and explain various components of Web

Publishing.

1. Content Creation: Writing, designing, or otherwise creating the material that will be
published online.
2. Content Management System (CMS): Tools like WordPress or Joomla that make it
easier to manage and publish content.
3. Web Hosting: The service that stores your website files and makes them accessible
on the internet.
4. Domain Name: The unique address where users can access your website.
5. Web Design: The aesthetic and functional layout of your site, ensuring it's user-
friendly and visually appealing.
6. SEO (Search Engine Optimization): Techniques to improve your site's visibility on s
earch engines.
7. Analytics: Tools to track and analyze your website's performance and user behavior.

13. List and explain phases of Web Design.

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1. Planning: Define the site's goals, target audience, and content structure. It's like the
blueprint phase of a construction project.
2. Design: Create the visual look and feel of the site. This involves layout, color schem
es, typography, and graphics. Think of it as the artistic phase where the blueprints c
ome to life.
3. Development: Code the site using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and other technologies.
This is where designers hand off to developers to bring the site’s visuals to life with i
nteractivity.
4. Testing: Ensure everything works correctly across different browsers and devices. T
his phase is crucial for catching bugs and ensuring a smooth user experience.
5. Launch: Make the site live and accessible to the public. It’s like unveiling a new prod
uct to the world.
6. Maintenance: Regular updates and troubleshooting to keep the site running smoot
hly. It's like routine maintenance on a car, keeping everything in tip-top shape.

14. Explain web site planning in details.

1. Define Goals: Understand the purpose of your website. Is it for selling products, sha
ring information, or building a community? Your goals will guide all other decisions.
2. Identify Audience: Know who you're designing for. What are their needs, preference
s, and behaviors? This helps in creating a user-centric site.
3. Content Strategy: Plan what content you'll create, how you'll structure it, and when
you'll publish it. This includes text, images, videos, and other media.
4. Site Structure: Develop a sitemap, which outlines the main sections and pages of y
our site. This helps in organizing content logically and ensuring easy navigation.
5. Wireframes and Mockups: Create wireframes (basic sketches of pages) and mock
ups (more detailed designs) to visualize the layout and functionality of your site.
6. Technology and Tools: Decide on the technologies and tools you'll use, such as con
tent management systems (CMS), e-
commerce platforms, and plugins or extensions.
7. SEO Considerations: Plan how to optimize your site for search engines. This includ
es keyword research, meta tags, and a strategy for building backlinks.
8. Budget and Timeline: Set a realistic budget and timeline for your project. Consider
costs for design, development, hosting, and maintenance.
9. Testing and Feedback: Prepare for testing the site with real users and gathering fee
dback to make necessary improvements before launch.
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15. Write a short note on front page.

FrontPage was a web design tool created by Microsoft that allowed users to design a
nd manage websites with a WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) interface. It w
as particularly popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s because it made web devel
opment more accessible to those without deep coding knowledge. It provided templ
ates, drag-and-drop functionality, and built-
in support for scripting languages. Though it has since been discontinued, its legacy
lives on in modern web design tools that prioritize user-
friendliness and accessibility.