FAA-G-8082-7

FLIGHT AND GROUND INSTRUCTOR

KNOWLEDGE TEST GUIDE

October 2015

U.S. Department of Transportation

Federal Aviation Administration
 INTRODUCTION

FAA-G-8082-7, dated October 2015, Flight and Ground Instructor Knowledge Test Guide, provides
information for preparing you to take one or all of the following airman knowledge tests. This document
supersedes all previously dated FAA-G-8082-7 versions.

Test Name Test Code

Fundamentals of Instructing FOI
Ground Instructor Basic BGI
Ground Instructor Advanced AGI
Flight Instructor Airplane FIA
Flight Instructor Rotorcraft Helicopter FRH
Flight Instructor Rotorcraft Gyroplane FRG
Flight Instructor Glider FIG
Flight Instructor Airplane (added rating) AFA
Flight Instructor Helicopter (added rating) HFA
Flight Instructor Gyroplane (added rating) GFA
Flight Instructor Glider (added rating) AFG
Flight Instructor Sport Airplane SIA
Flight Instructor Sport Balloon SIB
Flight Instructor Sport Glider SIG
Flight Instructor Sport Lighter-Than-Air (Airship) SIL
Flight Instructor Sport Powered Parachute SIP
Flight Instructor Sport Weight-Shift-Control SIW
Flight Instructor Sport Gyroplane SIY
Military Competence Instructor MCI

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) airman knowledge tests are effective instruments for aviation safety
and regulation compliance measurement. However, these tests can only sample the vast amount of
knowledge every pilot needs to operate safely in the National Airspace System (NAS).

Comments may be e-mailed to AFS630Comments@faa.gov.

KNOWLEDGE TEST ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

The general qualifications for an Instructor Rating require you have a combination of experience,
knowledge and skill.

Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 61 requires that pilots must be able to read,
write, speak, and understand the English language. If you cannot meet these requirements of English
fluency, an airman certificate cannot be issued. For medical reasons, an appropriate limitation may be
placed on the certificate.

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You must pass the Fundamentals of Instructing Knowledge Test and a Flight or Ground Instructor
Knowledge Test specific to the instructor rating sought. You may take these tests on the same day, and
you do not have to take them in any particular order. An instructor rating obtained by passing the Military
Competence Instructor (MCI) exam does not require the candidate to take the Fundamentals of Instructing
(FOI) exam.

When applying for any additional instructor rating, you are not required to take the Fundamentals of
Instructing Knowledge Test again. Once you have acquired a Flight Instructor Certificate, you are eligible to
give ground instruction required for a Pilot or Instructor Certificate or rating, based on the ratings on your
Flight Instructor Certificate. Because of this, it is not necessary to obtain a separate Ground Instructor
Certificate since you would already have these privileges.

For a summary of knowledge test eligibility requirements for all certification areas listed above, refer to the
FAA Airman Knowledge Testing Authorization Matrix located at:
http://www.faa.gov/training_testing/testing/media/testing_matrix.pdf

ROLE OF THE INSTRUCTOR

All pilot training is directed toward developing safe and competent pilots. The more complete a student
understands theory and principles, the easier it will be for that student to become a safe and competent
pilot. It has long been recognized that flight and ground instruction go hand in hand. Each complements the
other, resulting in a training program that is both meaningful and comprehensive.

Generally, pilots learn by one of two methods. Some learn by memorization while others acquire
knowledge and understanding of basic procedures and techniques and apply these to various piloting
operations. The latter method of learning is, by far, more effective. Effective pilot training is based on the
knowledge and understanding of principles, along with skills that are essential to flight safety.

The keystone of the present-day training concept is the flight instructor—a professional who should
assume full responsibility for all phases of a student pilot’s flight and ground instruction. A flight instructor
must first be fully qualified as a pilot. In addition, a successful instructor must meet qualifications far beyond
those required for certification as a pilot. An instructor must have a thorough understanding of how learning
occurs, and how to apply teaching methods that best foster learning. The most important factor is the
instructor’s own attitude toward instruction that determines the effectiveness of the teaching method. By
understanding the teaching and learning processes, instructors will be better qualified to produce pilots
who are able to operate safely within the National Airspace System (NAS).

KNOWLEDGE AREAS ON THE TESTS

Flight and Ground Instructor Knowledge tests are comprehensive because they must test your knowledge
in many subject areas. These include all aeronautical knowledge areas required for a Private and
Commercial Pilot Certificate, as well as those required for a Flight or Ground Instructor Certificate. When
applying for any Flight or Ground Instructor Knowledge Test, you should review the appropriate sections of
14 CFR part 61 for specific knowledge areas on each test.

Flight instructors should be knowledgeable of not only what to do and how to do it, but also why a
maneuver is performed and what common errors result if the maneuver or procedure is not performed
properly. Ground instructors should also be knowledgeable of all subjects; however, they would not be
expected to understand evaluating pilot performance of maneuvers and analyzing common errors.

It is generally accepted that a pilot with much knowledge, but little skill, is not adequately equipped to fly an
aircraft. Neither is the pilot who is skillful in the manipulative techniques of flying, but lacks aviation
knowledge.

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DESCRIPTIONS OF THE TESTS

If you are pursuing initial flight or ground instructor certification, you must successfully complete the
Fundamentals of Instructing Knowledge Test. However, if you hold a current teacher’s certificate at the
junior or senior high school level, or you are an instructor at a college or university, you can receive credit
for this test. This test contains 50 questions, and you are allowed 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete the
test. The minimum passing score is 70 percent.

In addition, you must successfully complete a knowledge test appropriate to the desired rating. The
following tests each contain 100 questions (except for Ground Instructor—Basic, which contains
80 questions), and you are allowed 2 hours and 30 minutes to complete each test.
• Ground Instructor—Basic
• Ground Instructor—Advanced
• Flight Instructor—Airplane
• Flight Instructor—Helicopter
• Flight Instructor—Gyroplane
• Flight Instructor—Glider

If you are pursuing a flight instructor with a Sport Pilot Rating Certificate, you should review 14 CFR part
61, Section 61.23, Medical Certificates: Requirement and Duration; 14 CFR part 61, Section 61.35,
Knowledge Test: Prerequisites and Passing Grades; and 14 CFR part 61, Subpart J—Sport Pilots and
Subpart K—Flight Instructors With a Sport Pilot Rating.

Each of the following knowledge tests contains 70 questions, and you are allowed 2 hours and 30 minutes
to complete each test.
• Flight Instructor—Sport Airplane
• Flight Instructor—Sport Balloon
• Flight Instructor—Sport Glider
• Flight Instructor—Sport Lighter-Than-Air (Airship)
• Flight Instructor—Sport Powered Parachute
• Flight Instructor—Sport Weight-Shift-Control
• Flight Instructor—Sport Gyroplane

If you desire to add a rating to your Flight Instructor Certificate, you must successfully complete a
knowledge test, if required, appropriate to the desired rating.

The following tests each contain 25 questions, and you are allowed 1 hour to complete each test.
• Flight Instructor—Airplane—Added Rating
• Flight Instructor—Helicopter—Added Rating
• Flight Instructor—Gyroplane—Added Rating
• Flight Instructor—Glider—Added Rating

The following test contains 125 questions, and you are allowed 3 hours to complete.
• Military Competence Instructor

All test results expire at the end of 24 calendar months after the month in which the test was taken. All test
questions are the objective, multiple-choice type. Each question can be answered by the selection of a
single response. Each test question is independent of other questions; therefore, a correct response to one
does not depend upon, or influence, the correct response to another.

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TEST REGISTRATION

The FAA has designated two Airman Knowledge Testing (AKT) Organization Designation Authorization
(ODA) Holders, which sponsor hundreds of knowledge testing center locations. These testing centers offer
a full range of airman knowledge tests including: Aircraft Dispatcher, Airline Transport Pilot, Aviation
Maintenance Technician, Commercial Pilot, Flight Engineer, Flight Instructor, Flight Navigator, Ground
Instructor, Inspection Authorization, Instrument Rating, Parachute Rigger, Private Pilot, Recreational Pilot,
Sport Pilot and Military Competence. Contact information for the AKT ODA Holders is provided below
under Knowledge Test Centers.

The first step in taking a knowledge test is the registration process. You may either call a central
registration phone number or appear at a testing center on a walk-in basis. If you choose to use a central
registration phone number to schedule your test, you will need to be prepared to select a test date, choose
a testing center, and make financial arrangements for test payment. You may register for tests several
weeks in advance, and you may cancel your appointment according to the AKT ODA Holder’s cancellation
policy. If you do not follow the AKT ODA Holder’s cancellation policies, you could be subject to a
cancellation fee.

APPLICANT IDENTIFICATION AND TEST AUTHORIZATION

The next step in taking a knowledge test is providing proper identification. You should determine what
knowledge test prerequisites are necessary before going to the computer-testing center. Your instructor or
local FAA Flight Standards District Office (FSDO) may advise you regarding the documentation required to
be presented at the testing facility. Testing center personnel will not begin the test until your identification
and eligibility is verified.

Acceptable forms of authorization and retesting procedures are available in the latest version of the
Applicant Identification, Information, Verification, & Authorization Requirements Matrix located at:

http://www.faa.gov/training_testing/testing/media/testing_matrix.pdf

TEST TAKING TIPS

Prior to launching the actual test, the AKT ODA Holder’s testing software will provide you with an
opportunity to practice navigating through the test. This practice (or tutorial) session may include a
“sample” question(s). These sample questions have no relation to the content of the test, but are meant to
familiarize you with the look and feel of the system screens, including selecting an answer, marking a
question for later review, time remaining for the test, and other features of the testing software.

When taking a test, keep the following points in mind:

• Carefully read the instructions given with the test.
• Answer each question in accordance with the latest regulations and guidance publications.
• Read each question carefully before looking at the answer options. You should clearly understand
the problem before attempting to solve it.
• After formulating an answer, determine which answer option corresponds with your answer. The
answer you choose should completely resolve the problem.
• From the options given, it may appear there is more than one possible answer; however, there is
only one answer that is correct and complete. The other options are either incomplete, erroneous,
or derived from popular misconceptions.

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 • If a certain question is difficult for you, it is best to mark it for review and proceed to the next
question. After you answer the less difficult questions, return to those marked for review and
answer them. The review marking procedure will be explained to you prior to starting the test.
Although the computer should alert you to unanswered questions, make sure every question has an
answer recorded. This procedure will enable you to use the available time to maximum advantage.
• When solving a calculation problem, select the answer closest to your solution. The problem has
been checked with various types of calculators; therefore, if you have solved it correctly, your
answer will be closer to the correct answer than any of the other choices.

USE OF TEST AIDS AND MATERIALS

You may use aids, reference materials, and test materials within the guidelines listed below, if actual test
questions or answers are not revealed. All models of aviation-oriented calculators may be used, including
small electronic calculators that perform only arithmetic functions (add, subtract, multiply, and divide).
Simple programmable memories, which allow addition to, subtraction from, or retrieval of one number from
the memory, are permissible. Also, simple functions, such as square root and percent keys are permissible.

The following guidelines apply:

1. You may use any reference materials provided with the test. In addition, you may use scales,
straightedges, protractors, plotters, navigation computers, log sheets, and electronic or mechanical
calculators that are directly related to the test.
2. Manufacturer’s permanently inscribed instructions on the front and back of such aids (e.g.,
formulas, conversions, regulations, signals, weather data, frequencies, weight-and-balance
formulas) are permissible.
3. Testing centers may provide a calculator to you and/or deny use of your personal calculator based
on the following limitations:
a. Prior to, and upon completion of the test, while in the presence of the Unit Member (formerly
referred to as proctor), you must actuate the ON/OFF switch and perform any other function that
ensures erasure of any data stored in memory circuits.
b. The use of electronic calculators incorporating permanent or continuous type memory circuits
without erasure capability is prohibited. The Unit Member may refuse the use of your calculator
when unable to determine the calculator’s erasure capability.
c. Printouts of data must be surrendered at the completion of the test if the calculator incorporates
this design feature.
d. The use of magnetic cards, magnetic tapes, modules, computer chips, or any other device upon
which pre-written programs or information related to the test can be stored and retrieved is
prohibited.
e. You are not permitted to use any booklet or manual containing instructions related to use of test
aids.
4. Dictionaries are not allowed in the testing area.
5. The Unit Member makes the final determination relating to test materials and personal possessions
you may take into the testing area.

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TESTING PROCEDURES FOR APPLICANTS REQUESTING SPECIAL ACCOMMODATIONS

If you are an applicant with a learning or reading disability, you may request approval from AFS-630,
through the local FSDO or IFO, to take an airman knowledge test using one of the three options listed
below, in preferential order:
Option 1. Use current testing facilities and procedures whenever possible.
Option 2. You may use a self-contained, electronic device which pronounces and displays typed-in
words (e.g., the Franklin Speaking Wordmaster®) to facilitate the testing process. (NOTE:
The device should consist of an electronic thesaurus that audibly pronounces typed-in
words and presents them on a display screen. The device should also have a built-in
headphone jack for private listening in order to avoid disturbing others during testing.)
Option 3. If you do not choose to use the first or second option, you may request Unit Member
assistance in reading specific words or terms from the test questions and/or supplement
book. In the interest of preventing compromise of the testing process, the Unit Member must
be an individual with no aviation background or expertise. The Unit Member must provide
reading assistance only, with no explanation of words or terms. When this option is
requested, the FSDO or IFO inspector must contact the Airman Testing Standards Branch
(AFS-630) for assistance in selecting the test site and assisting Unit Member.
Prior to approval of any option, the FSDO or IFO Aviation Safety Inspector must advise you of the
regulatory certification requirement of being able to read, write, speak, and understand the English
language.

CHEATING OR OTHER UNAUTHORIZED CONDUCT

Computer testing centers must follow strict security procedures to avoid test compromise. These
procedures are established by the FAA and are covered in FAA Order 8080.6 (as amended), Conduct of
Airman Knowledge Tests. The FAA has directed testing centers to terminate a test at any time a test Unit
Member suspects a cheating incident has occurred. An FAA investigation will then be conducted. If the
investigation determines that cheating or unauthorized conduct has occurred, then any airman certificate or
rating that you hold may be revoked, and you may be prohibited for 1 year from applying for or taking any
test for a certificate or rating under 14 CFR part 61.

LEARNING STATEMENTS

Learning statements, as used in airman knowledge testing, refer to a measurable level of knowledge a
student should be able to demonstrate following a defined element of training. The most current Learning
Statement Reference Guide for Airman Knowledge Testing is online at:

http://www.faa.gov/training_testing/testing/media/LearningStatementReferenceGuide.pdf

We provide learning statements to help instructors and students become more familiar with the areas of
knowledge applicable to the airman training, learning, studying, and testing processes.

Beyond serving as a useful reference in preparing for your airman knowledge test, the Learning Statement
Reference Guide will assist you and your instructor in interpreting any learning statement codes that may
appear on your Airman Knowledge Test Report. You will receive a test report immediately upon
completion of the test. This report will list learning statement codes for any questions you may have
answered incorrectly. You and your instructor should match the codes on the test report to the information
in the Learning Statement Reference Guide in order to obtain the corresponding areas of knowledge
deficiency.

Your instructor may be required to provide instruction on each of the areas of deficiency, and to provide a
logbook or training record endorsement certifying you have demonstrated satisfactory knowledge in each
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area. Also, you must present the original Airman Knowledge Test Report to the examiner conducting your
practical test. During the practical test, the examiner will refer to the learning codes and statements to
evaluate your knowledge in the noted areas of deficiency.

REQUESTING YOUR TEST BE HAND-SCORED

If you wish to have your test hand-scored, you must submit a request, in the form of a signed letter, to the
Airman Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630. The request must be accompanied by a copy of your Airman
Knowledge Test Report and a legible photocopy of a government issued identification with your photograph
and signature. Mail or fax this information to: (e-Mail requests are not accepted due to security issues.)

Federal Aviation Administration

Airman Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630
P.O. Box 25082
Oklahoma City, OK 73125
Or Fax to: 405 954-4748

Note: If you have comments regarding test questions, test procedures, or supplemental material content,
please e-Mail AFS-630 at: AFS630Comments@faa.gov.

AIRMAN KNOWLEDGE TEST REPORTS

Upon completion of the knowledge test, you will receive your Airman Knowledge Test Report, which
reflects your score. The test report will be stamped with the testing center’s raised/embossed seal.

The Airman Knowledge Test Report must be presented to the examiner prior to taking the practical test.
During the oral portion of the practical test, the examiner is required to evaluate the noted areas of
deficiency.

Should you require a duplicate Airman Knowledge Test Report due to loss or destruction of the original,
send a signed request accompanied by a check or money order for $1.00, payable to the FAA. Send the
request to:
Federal Aviation Administration
Airmen Certification Branch, AFS-760
P.O. Box 25082
Oklahoma City, OK 73125

Airman Knowledge Test Reports are valid for the 24-calendar month period following the month you
complete the practical test. If the Airman Knowledge Test Report expires before completion of the
practical test, you must retake the knowledge test.

TRAINING AND TESTING PUBLICATIONS AND GENERAL INFORMATION

Most of the current Flight Standards Service airman training and testing publications can be obtained in
electronic format from the FAA Website, www.faa.gov. The training and testing publications and general
information can be found on the opening page of that Website under the Training and Testing tab. If a
publication is not available in electronic format, there are instructions for obtaining paper copies.
Information found on the Website includes the following:
• Advisory Circulars
• Airworthiness Directives
• Code of Federal Regulations
• Computer Testing Supplements
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 • Knowledge Test Centers
• Sample Knowledge Test questions
• Knowledge Test Statistics
• Learning Statement Reference Guide
• Practical Test Standards
• Training Handbooks
• Type Certificate Data Sheets

Advisory Circulars

Advisory circulars (ACs) provide guidance and information on various subjects related to airman
certification.

Airworthiness Directives

Airworthiness Directives (ADs) are notifications to aircraft owners of a known safety deficiency with a
specific model of aircraft, engine, avionics, or other system.

Code of Federal Regulations

The portion of 14 CFR containing what was formerly known as the Federal Aviation Regulations can be
found on the Website. 14 CFR contains regulations designed to promote aviation safety, and govern all
aviation activities in the United States.

Computer Testing Supplements

The knowledge testing supplements contain the graphics, legends, and maps that are needed to
successfully respond to certain knowledge test items. ODA test center personnel will provide these
supplements during the airman knowledge test. You can review them prior to testing at:
http://www.faa.gov/pilots/testing/supplements/. Marking in the supplement book is prohibited; however,
you may request a photo copy of any figure either before or during your exam. This marked or unmarked
copy must be returned to the proctor at the end of the exam.

Knowledge Test Centers

The Knowledge Test Centers portion of the Website contains current listings of Airman Knowledge Testing
(AKT) Organization Designation Authorization (ODA) Holders and other testing centers, and the
registration telephone numbers to call to register for a test.

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The following is a list of the ODA holders authorized to give FAA airman knowledge tests. This list should
be helpful in case you choose to register for a test or simply want more information.
 Computer Assisted Testing Service (CATS)
777 Mariners Island Blvd., Suite 200
San Mateo, CA 94404
Applicant inquiry and test registration: 1-800-947-4228
From outside the U.S. (650) 259-8550
 PSI
16821 SE McGillivray Blvd., Suite 201
Vancouver, WA 98683
Applicant inquiry and test registration: 1-800-211-2753 or 1-800-211-2754
From outside the U.S. (360) 896-9111

Knowledge Test Questions

Sample questions are located in the Airman Knowledge Test Questions section of the Website and
represent the types of questions included in the actual test banks. Practicing these questions will help you
become familiar with similar questions on the airman knowledge tests. The knowledge test is not designed
to intimidate any prospective airman; it is designed to measure an applicant’s understanding of the rules,
regulations and knowledge areas required to receive an FAA certificate.

Knowledge Test Statistics

Test statistics for all airman knowledge tests are contained in a series of tables organized by year and
subject area. Individual tables are provided for the following subject areas: test volume, pass rates,
average test scores, countries, regions, and district offices.

Practical Test Standards

The practical test standards outline the knowledge and skill requirements for each airman certificate and
rating. The references listed in each task of the practical test standards indicate the specific publications
used to develop the skill standards. The ability to issue immediate changes prior to publishing revised
printed copies ensures the practical test standards are always accurate and usable.

Training Handbooks

The training handbooks are the basic information sources an airman applicant should refer to when
preparing for the knowledge and practical tests for a specific certificate or rating.

Classification Code

Topic, Content and Specific (TCS) codes listed in this guide are NOT a description of the Learning
Statement Codes (LSC) found in the ‘Learning Statement Reference Guide for Airman Knowledge Testing’
document, but are a hierarchical sequence of classification codes placing a question in a unique category.
FAA knowledge test question development uses the following hierarchy:

 Topic— Overall subject matter topic code. The highest classification of overall subject matter a
knowledge test item was developed to assess (e.g., Aerodynamics).
 Content—Secondary level subject matter code (e.g., Airspeed).
 Specific— the basic hierarchical classification code the subject matter for a knowledge test item
(e.g., Thrust).

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 References Appendix

The knowledge tests for Flight and Ground Instructor exams are based on the following
references.

14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations

14 CFR part 121 Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations
14 CFR part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
49 CFR 1544
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
AC 20-43 - Aircraft Fuel Control
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
AC 61-107 - Operations of Aircraft at Altitudes Above 25,000 Feet MSL and/or MACH
numbers (MMO) Greater than .75
AC 61-67 - Stall Spin Awareness Training
AC 90-48 - Pilots` Role in Collision Avoidance
AC 91-13 - Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft
AC 91-43 - Unreliable Airspeed Indication
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport/Facility Directory
FAA Accident Prevention Program Bulletins
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8083-2 - Risk Management Handbook
FAA-H-8083-21 - Helicopter Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
FAA-H-8083-29 - Powered Parachute Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8083-3A - Airplane Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Practical Test Standards
Sectional Aeronautical Chart

Note: The latest revision of these references should be used.

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Fundamentals of Instructing (FOI)
Sample Questions

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 FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING (FOI)

1. What should an instructor do with a student who assumes that correction of errors is
not important?

A—Divide complex flight maneuvers into elements.

B—Try to reduce the student’s overconfidence to reduce the change of an accident.
C—Raise the standard of performance for each lesson demanding greater effort.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall instructor techniques–obstacles/planning/activities/outcome.

2. During a stall recovery, the instructor allows the student to exceed maneuvering
speed. Which best illustrates an ‘anti-authority’ reaction by the instructor?

A—There has not been a problem doing this in the past.

B—The aircraft can handle a lot more than the maneuvering speed.
C—The student should know how to recover from a stall by this time.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)–hazardous attitudes.

3. Proper oral quizzing by the instructor during a lesson can have which result?

A—Alerts the instructor to the level of student motivation.

B—Identifies points which need more emphasis.
C—Can serve as a lead-in to introduce new material.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall student evaluation–written tests/oral quiz/critiques.

4. The objective of the practical test standards (PTS) is to ensure the certification of
pilots at a high level of performance and proficiency, consistent with

A—safety.
B—the time available.
C—their abilities.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall student evaluation–learning process.

5. Which statement is true regarding positive or negative approaches in aviation

instructional techniques?
A—A student with normal abilities should not be affected by an instructor who emphasizes
emergency procedures early in training.
B—A positive approach, to be effective, will point out the pleasurable features of aviation before
the unpleasant possibilities are discussed.
C—The introduction of emergency procedures before the student is acquainted with normal
operations is likely to be neither discouraging nor affect learning.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall FOI techniques–responsibilities.

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 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING KNOWLEDGE TEST (FOI)

Topic Content Specific

PLT022
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Aeronautical Decision Making
PLT104
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction ADM
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Situational Awareness
PLT204
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Effective Communication Developing Communication Skills
Instructional Guidelines Effective Communication Teaching Process
PLT211
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Critique / Evaluation Evaluation
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Instructional Aids / Training Technologies Teaching Aids
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Evaluation
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Pre Solo Requirements
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Process Assessment
PLT227
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Integrated Flight Instruction
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Integrated Flight Instruction
PLT228
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Effective Communication Teaching Process
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Transfer
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Perceptions
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Lesson Plan
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Practice
PLT229
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Learning Theory
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Instructor Responsibilities
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
PLT230
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Instructor Responsibilities
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Evaluation
PLT231
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Anxiety
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Stress
PLT232
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
PLT233
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms
PLT269
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Repression

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PLT270
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Human Needs
PLT272
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms
PLT295
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Skill Acquisition
Fundamentals of Instructing Planning Instructional Activity Objectives
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Fatigue
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Obstacles to Learning During Flight Instruction
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Transfer
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Blocks of Learning
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Apathy
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Distractions
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Fatigue
PLT306
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Levels of Learning
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Characteristics
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Transfer
PLT307
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Oral Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Memory
PLT308
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Definition of Learning
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Domains of Learning
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Learning Plateau
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Learning Theory
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Principles of Learning
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Skill Acquisition
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Insights
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Characteristics
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Perceptions
PLT419
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Effective Communication Teaching Process
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
PLT481
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Critique / Evaluation Evaluation
Fundamentals of Instructing Effective Communication Developing Communication Skills
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Learning Plateau
PLT482
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Oral Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Oral Quizzing
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Test Questions
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Written
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Process Assessment

17
PLT487
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Instructional Aids / Training Technologies Teaching Aids
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Demonstration / Performance
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Demonstration / Performance
PLT488
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Group Learning
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Guided Discussion
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Lecture
PLT489
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Teaching Process
PLT490
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
PLT491
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Critique / Evaluation Evaluation
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Teaching Process
Fundamentals of Instructing Planning Instructional Activity Objectives
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Blocks of Learning
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Lecture
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Lesson Preparation
PLT504
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Instructional Aids / Training Technologies Teaching Aids
PLT505
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Teaching Methods Computer-Based Training Method
Instructional Guidelines Instructional Aids / Training Technologies Teaching Aids
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods CAL

18
Ground Instructor Basic (BGI)
Sample Questions

19
 GROUND INSTRUCTOR BASIC (BGI)
1. Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the

A—wingspan to the wing root.

B—wingspan to the mean chord.
C—square of the chord to the wingspan.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft–aspect ratio.

2. In a twin-engine airplane, the single-engine service ceiling is the maximum density

altitude at which VYSE will produce

A—50 feet per minute rate of climb.

B—100 feet per minute rate of climb.
C—500 feet per minute rate of climb.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-instrument
markings/airspeed/definition/indications.

3. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.

B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–density altitude.

4. Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb
performance?

A—Low temperature, low-relative humidity, and low-density altitude.

B—High temperature, low-relative humidity, and low-density altitude.
C—High temperature, high-relative humidity, and high-density altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–atmospheric effects.

5. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude–absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

20
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
BASIC GROUND INSTRUCTOR (BGI) KNOWLEDGE TEST

Topic Content Specific

PLT004
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Climb / Cruise Performance Data
PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT006
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Glide Distance
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Computing Takeoff / Climb Distance
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Takeoff Distance
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
Navigation Pilotage Calculations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT015
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Effect of Load Factor on Stalling Speed
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT023
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT037
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot and Radar Reports, Satellite Pictures, and
R
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT041
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Pressure
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports
PLT062
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts

21
PLT064
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Visibility and Cloud Clearance
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class C
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Airspace Controlled Class B
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT066
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT070
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps National Convective Weather Forecast NCWF
PLT071
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT072
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT074
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Velocity / Load Factor Chart
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Load Factors
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
Weather Charts / Maps Winds / Temperatures Aloft Charts
PLT081
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT095
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Slipstream
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT104
FAA-H-8083-2 - Risk Management Handbook
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Airport Operations Taxiing Control Positioning
Airport Operations Taxiing Crosswind Taxi Procedures
PLT113
14 CFR part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Certification Regulation Criteria
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Required Aircraft / Equipment
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance

22
 PLT118
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Heading Indicator
PLT123
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations VFR Flight Plan Information Required
PLT124
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT126
AC 91-13 - Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft
Aircraft Systems Environmental Cold Weather Operations
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Density Altitude Performance Detractor
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT132
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
Aircraft Performance Limitations Flight Instruments
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway with Displaced Threshold
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway Directional Sign
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Transponder and Altitude Reporting
Equipment
Regulations Airspace Classes Controlled Airspace Requirements
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes VFR Requirements
Regulations Airspace Classes Visibility and Cloud Clearance
Regulations Class D Airspace Communications
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
PLT162
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Distance from Clouds
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
Regulations Weather Minimums Visibility

23
PLT165
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter
PLT167
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
PLT172
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Transponder / Altitude Reporting Equipment
PLT173
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Stability
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems De-Icing / Anti-Icing Carburetor Air Temperature Gauge
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Clouds
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT203
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT206
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT207
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Electrical Electrical System Failure
PLT208
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Locator Transmitter
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Deviation Error
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
Flight Operations Maneuvers Skids / Slips
PLT220
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Soft-Field Takeoff / Climb

24
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Lift
PLT238
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Definition
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Destabilizing Effect
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT243
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Gyroscopic Action
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Spiral Instability
PLT245
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Spins
PLT246
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Level Turns
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Turns
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT249
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT251
AC 20-43 - Aircraft Fuel Control
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Condensation
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel System Preflight
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT261
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT263
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT271
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT276
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR

25
PLT277
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Lights Night-Flight Operations
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT305
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
PLT311
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT317
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Meteorology Microburst
PLT322
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT337
AC 91-43 - Unreliable Airspeed Indication
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Blockage
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 4-Cycle Engines
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Reciprocating Engines
PLT344
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT346
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT351
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Blade Angle
Aircraft Systems Propeller Constant-Speed Propeller
Aircraft Systems Propeller Effective Pitch
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Slippage
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Inspections 100 Hour Inspection

26
PLT373
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Documentation Operating Limitations
PLT374
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Responsibilities
PLT377
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT384
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Passenger Briefing / Seatbelt Usage
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
PLT395
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
PLT399
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Documentation Operating an Aircraft
PLT404
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Locator Transmitter
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Cheating
PLT413
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Fuel Minimum Requirements
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Airship
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT415
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Preflight Action
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Knowledge Test: Retesting
Regulations FAA Certificates Advanced/Basic Ground Instructor Limitations
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Rebuilt Engine Requirements
PLT427
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Type Rating Medical Certificate Required

27
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Flight Altitude VFR
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Congested Areas
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Other Than Congested Areas
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency
PLT437
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Over Water
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Pilot in Command Recent Flight Experience
Regulations Private Pilot Currency Requirements
PLT445
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pre-Flight Requirements
PLT447
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Medical Certificate Validity Period
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Change of Address
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations FAA Certificates Change of Address
Regulations FAA Certificates Rec Pilot Privileges
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations FAA Certificates Safety Pilot Requirements
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Student Pilot Requirements
Regulations Flight Altitude VFR
PLT477
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Knowledge Test Authorization
PLT484
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Vs
PLT492
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Clouds
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT493
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Icing

28
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT497
Aeronautical Information Manual
Aircraft Systems Avionics Aircraft Codes
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
Weather Meteorology Unstable Air
PLT502
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Light Signals
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Light Signal - Aircraft on Ground
Regulations Universal Signals Control Tower Signals
PLT508
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 91. 413 ( a )
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Separation
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Fronts
PLT512
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT516
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure
Weather Meteorology Circulation
PLT517
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence
Weather Hazardous Windshear

29
Ground Instructor Advanced (AGI)
Sample Questions

30
 GROUND INSTRUCTOR ADVANCED (AGI)
1. Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the

A—wingspan to the wing root.

B—wingspan to the mean chord.
C—square of the chord to the wingspan.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft–aspect ratio.

2. In a twin-engine airplane, the single-engine service ceiling is the maximum density

altitude at which VYSE will produce

A—50 feet per minute rate of climb.

B—100 feet per minute rate of climb.
C—500 feet per minute rate of climb.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance -instrument
markings/airspeed/definitions/indications.

3. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.

B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–density altitude.

4. Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb
performance?

A—Low temperature, low-relative humidity, and low-density altitude.

B—High temperature, low-relative humidity, and low-density altitude.
C—High temperature, high-relative humidity, and high-density altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–atmospheric effects.

5. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude–absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

31
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
ADVANCED GROUND INSTRUCTOR (AGI) KNOWLEDGE TEST

Topic Content Specific

PLT001
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Computing Takeoff / Climb Distance
PLT004
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Climb / Cruise Performance Data
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Navigation Radio ADF / NDB
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Basic Calculations
Aircraft Performance Computations Computing Takeoff / Climb Distance
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Takeoff Distance
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Landing Distance
Aircraft Performance Limitations Basic Calculations
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
Navigation Pilotage Calculations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT014
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT015
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Effect of Load Factor on Stalling Speed
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Weight & Balance Diagram
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Elements
PLT023
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT025
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT034
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Definition
PLT037
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot and Radar Reports, Satellite Pictures, and
R
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C

32
PLT044
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Procedures Communications
PLT046
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Drag
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class C
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT066
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Severe Weather Outlook Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT070
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps National Convective Weather Forecast NCWF
PLT071
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT072
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT074
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Load Factors
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
Weather Charts / Maps Winds / Temperatures Aloft Charts
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory
Publications Airport Facility Directory Directory Legend
PLT081
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT086
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft

33
PLT090
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Navigation Radio RMI (Radio Magnetic Indicator)
PLT095
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Slipstream
PLT096
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT098
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Fitness for Flight
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Airport Operations Taxiing Control Positioning
PLT113
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Required Aircraft / Equipment
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Flight Service Stations
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT118
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Heading Indicator
PLT123
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations VFR Flight Plan Information Required
PLT126
AC 91-13 - Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft
Aircraft Systems Environmental Cold Weather Operations
PLT127
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT132
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Entrance to Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Hold Position Markings
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit Sign
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI

34
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes VFR Requirements
Regulations Airspace Classes Visibility and Cloud Clearance
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Class D Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class A
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Communications
PLT162
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Distance from Clouds
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Special VFR Weather Minimums
PLT165
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
PLT173
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Stability
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
PLT191
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Systems
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Clouds
PLT194
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Visual Illusions
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT207
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Electrical Electrical System Failure

35
PLT208
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Locator Transmitter
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Subsonic Planform
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Acceleration Error
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Deviation Error
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Approach / Landing
PLT225
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Aircraft Suffixes
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT232
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT234
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Axes
PLT235
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Definition
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil Design
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Lift
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT238
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Definition
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stability and Balance Control
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Stability
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Aft CG
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Indicated Airspeed
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Performance Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stall and Spin Recovery
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution

36
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Divergent Oscillations
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Rolling
PLT245
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Spins
PLT246
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT249
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Injection System
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Selectors
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT255
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Grounding
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT276
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT282
14 CFR part 121 Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations
Regulations Documentation Certificate Holder`s Manual
PLT287
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT300
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Radio VOR
Navigation Radio VORTAC
Navigation Radio VOT
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT305
Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Specific Type of Flap

37
PLT311
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT316
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Meteorology National Weather Service Aviation Products
PLT317
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Hazardous Microburst
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT322
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT324
AC 91-13 - Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Oil System
PLT326
AC 61-107 - Operations of Aircraft at Altitudes Above 25,000 Feet MSL and/or MACH numbers (Mmo) Greate
Aircraft Systems Environmental Oxygen Systems
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT331
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Smoking
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT337
AC 91-43 - Unreliable Airspeed Indication
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Blockage
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Installation Error
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Cooling
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Power
PLT346
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Specific Type of Flap
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT351
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Blade Angle
Aircraft Systems Propeller Constant-Speed Propeller
Aircraft Systems Propeller Effective Pitch
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Slippage
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Inspections 100 Hour Inspection
PLT373
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Documentation Operating Limitations
PLT374
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Responsibilities

38
PLT377
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT384
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Passenger Briefing / Seatbelt Usage
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
PLT388
14 CFR part 121 Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations
Regulations Documentation Cockpit Voice Recorder
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT395
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Crewmember
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
PLT399
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Documentation Operating an Aircraft
PLT404
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Locator Transmitter
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Flight Instructor Application During Suspension
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Minimum Equipment List
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Additional Category Ratings Requirements
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Operating Pressurized Aircraft Training Requirements
Regulations Type Rating Additional Training
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Second in Command Logging Flight Time
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Restrictions
PLT413
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Fuel Minimum Requirements
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Fuel consumption
PLT415
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Preflight Action
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Knowledge Test: Retesting
Regulations FAA Certificates Advanced/Basic Ground Instructor Limitations
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time

39
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Rebuilt Engine Requirements
PLT427
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Type Rating Medical Certificate Required
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Flight Altitude VFR
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Congested Areas
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Other Than Congested Areas
PLT432
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Operational Control
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
PLT438
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pressure Altitude Supplemental Oxygen
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Pilot in Command Recent Flight Experience
PLT443
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Flight Review
PLT444
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Emergency Responsibility
PLT445
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pre-Flight Requirements
PLT447
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Medical Certificate Validity Period
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Change of Address
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations FAA Certificates Change of Address
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Fight Instructor Records
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT463
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations FAA Certificates Suspension / Revocation
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Alcohol / Drugs Crewmember Responsibility
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Student Pilot Requirements
Regulations Flight Altitude VFR
PLT473
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
PLT477
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Longitudinal Stability

40
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Design Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Knowledge Test Authorization
PLT492
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Clouds
Weather Meteorology Pressure
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
PLT497
Aeronautical Information Manual
Aircraft Systems Avionics Aircraft Codes
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
Weather Meteorology Unstable Air
PLT502
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Light Signals
Regulations Universal Signals Control Tower Signals
PLT503
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Alcohol
PLT508
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 91. 413 ( a )
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Separation
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT510
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Circulation
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Icing
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Fronts
PLT512
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT516
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure
Weather Meteorology Circulation
PLT517
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Windshear

41
Flight Instructor Airplane (FIA)
Sample Questions

42
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR AIRPLANE (FIA)

1. Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the

A—wingspan to the wing root.

B—wingspan to the mean chord.
C—square of the chord to the wingspan.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft–aspect ratio.

2. In a twin-engine airplane, the single-engine service ceiling is the maximum density

altitude at which VYSE will produce

A—50 feet per minute rate of climb.

B—100 feet per minute rate of climb.
C—500 feet per minute rate of climb.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance- instrument
marking/airspeed/definitions/indications.

3. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.

B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–density altitude.

4. Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb
performance?

A—Low temperature, low-relative humidity, and low-density altitude.

B—High temperature, low-relative humidity, and low-density altitude.
C—High temperature, high-relative humidity, and high-density altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–atmospheric effects.

5. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude–absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

43
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR AIRPLANE (FIA) KNOWLEDGE TEST

Topic Content Specific

PLT001
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Positive Stability
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Navigation Radio ADF / NDB
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Basic Calculations
Aircraft Performance Computations Computing Takeoff / Climb Distance
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
Navigation Pilotage Calculations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT015
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Effect of Bank Angle on Stall Speed
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Shifting Weight
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Weight & Balance Diagram
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Shifting Weight
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Elements
PLT037
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot and Radar Reports, Satellite Pictures, and
R
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT041
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Pressure
PLT046
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Drag
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)

44
PLT064
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Visibility and Cloud Clearance
Aeronautical Chart User’s Guide
Publications Aeronautical Charts Sectional Aeronautical Charts
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class C
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT066
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Severe Weather Outlook Charts
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT071
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT072
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT074
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Load Factors
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
Weather Charts / Maps Winds / Temperatures Aloft Charts
PLT081
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT086
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT090
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Navigation Radio RMI (Radio Magnetic Indicator)
PLT095
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Slipstream
PLT096
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT104
FAA-H-8083-2 - Risk Management Handbook
Human Factors ADM Risk Management

45
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stall / Spins Spin Recovery
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT113
14 CFR part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Certification Regulation Criteria
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Flight Service Stations
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT124
Aeronautical Information Manual
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT132
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Limitations Flight Instruments
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
Aircraft Performance Limitations Effect of CG Location
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Direction to Takeoff Runway(s)
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Entrance to Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit Sign
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes Transponder / Altitude Reporting Equipment
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Class D Airspace Communications
Regulations Class D Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class A
Airspace Controlled Communications
PLT162
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
Regulations Weather Minimums Visibility
PLT167
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls

46
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Roundout (Flare)
Flight Operations Landing Short-Field Approach / Landing
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Clouds
PLT194
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Visual Illusions
PLT195
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT208
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Locator Transmitter
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Attitude Instrument Flying
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
PLT218
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
Flight Operations Maneuvers Skids / Slips
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT221
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Normal Approach / Landing
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Approach / Landing

47
PLT223
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Performance Loss
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT235
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT238
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Aspect Ratio
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Adverse Balance
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Aft CG
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Destabilizing Effect
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Performance Characteristics
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Spiral Instability
PLT245
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Accelerated Stall
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Spins
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Turns
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT249
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Injection System
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Selectors
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT263
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT270
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT276
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR

48
PLT278
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Attitude Instrument Flying
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT295
AC 61-67 - Stall Spin Awareness Training
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Demo stalls
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Distractions
PLT300
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Radio VOR
Navigation Radio VORTAC
Navigation Radio VOT
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT305
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
PLT311
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT312
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
PLT317
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Hazardous Microburst
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT322
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Radio VORTAC
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT323
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage NOTAMS
PLT324
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Oil System
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT331
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Smoking
PLT337
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Installation Error

49
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Power
PLT346
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT347
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Propeller The Critical Engine
PLT351
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Efficiency
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT370
Aeronautical Information Manual
Flight Operations Collision Avoidance Ground Track
PLT373
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Documentation Operating Limitations
PLT374
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Responsibilities
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Regulatory Requirement(s)
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Student Certificate Issuing Authority
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT399
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Documentation Operating an Aircraft
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Eligibility
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Minimum Equipment List
PLT406
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Inoperative
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Flight Training Previous Foreign Instruction
Regulations Flight Training Towing Gliders
Regulations Type Rating Additional Training
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Eligibility
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time

50
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
Regulations Flight Instructor Qualifications
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
Regulations Flight Instructor Training
PLT413
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Fuel consumption
PLT415
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Preflight Action
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Stall / Spin Proficiency
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Flight Altitude VFR
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
PLT438
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pressure Altitude Supplemental Oxygen
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
PLT443
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Type Rating Training Requirements
PLT447
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Duration of Medical Certificate
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Instructor Resources
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations FAA Certificates Safety Pilot Requirements
PLT451
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Additional Category Ratings Requirements
Regulations Commercial Pilot Limitations
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
Regulations Student Pilot Experience Requirements
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans

51
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Pre Solo Requirements
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Student Pilot Requirements
PLT477
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Longitudinal Stability
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Demo stalls
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Design Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Basic Concepts of Stability
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
PLT481
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
PLT484
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Vs
PLT486
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Takeoff Soft Field
PLT487
Practical Test Standards
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT492
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT493
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Icing
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Unstable Air
PLT503
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Alcohol
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT510
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Circulation

52
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Fronts
PLT516
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Meteorology Microburst

53
Flight Instructor Rotorcraft Helicopter (FRH)
Sample Questions

54
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR ROTORCRAFT HELICOPTER (FRH)

1. During flight, if you apply cyclic control pressure which results in a decrease in pitch
angle of the rotor blades at a position approximately 90° to your left, the rotor disc will tilt

A—aft.
B—left.
C—right.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall cyclic control pressure–characteristics.

2. Rotor blade-flapping action is

A—an undesirable reaction to changes in airspeed and blade angle of attack.

B—an aerodynamic reaction to high speed flight and cannot be controlled by the pilot.
C—a design feature permitting continual changes in the rotor blade angle of attack,
compensating for dissymmetry of lift.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall rotor system–types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

3. The forward speed of a rotorcraft is restricted primarily by

A—dissymmetry of lift.
B—transverse flow effect.
C—high-frequency vibrations.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall rotor system–types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

4. How does temperature and weight affect the VNE of a helicopter?

A—VNE increases as temperature and weight increase.

B—VNE decreases as temperature and weight increase.
C—VNE decreases as temperature increases and weight decreases.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–airspeed.

5. Performance of a helicopter can be determined by

A—knowing the density altitude, gross weight, and surface wind.

B—the formula pi times the rotor diameter divided by the blade area.
C—the highest altitude that can be maintained in a hover following liftoff.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–atmospheric effects.

55
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
ROTORCRAFT HELICOPTER KNOWLEDGE TEST (FRH)

Topic Content Specific

PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT008
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Slope Operations
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Navigation Radio ADF / NDB
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Basic Calculations
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT014
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT015
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Shifting Weight
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Weight & Balance Diagram
PLT023
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT035
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
PLT037
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot and Radar Reports, Satellite Pictures, and
R
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT051
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Interpretation
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports

56
PLT064
Aeronautical Chart User’s Guide
Publications Aeronautical Charts Sectional Aeronautical Charts
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class C
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT066
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Severe Weather Outlook Charts
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT071
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT072
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
Weather Charts / Maps Winds / Temperatures Aloft Charts
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Publications Airport Facility Directory Directory Legend
PLT081
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT086
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT090
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Navigation Radio RMI (Radio Magnetic Indicator)
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT104
FAA-H-8083-2 - Risk Management Handbook
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Airport Operations Taxiing Taxiing Procedures
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT115
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control

57
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Flight Service Stations
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT123
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations VFR Flight Plan Information Required
PLT124
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT127
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT129
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Slope Operations
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Heliport Markings
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Prohibited Entry
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway with Displaced Threshold
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway Directional Sign
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Controlled Airspace Requirements
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Class D Airspace Communications
Regulations Class D Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Communications
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Distance from Clouds
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Running Landing
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced

58
PLT173
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Stability
PLT175
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Helicopter Emergencies
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
FAA-H08083-4 Helicopter Instructor’s Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
PLT186
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Attitude Instrument Flying
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems De-Icing / Anti-Icing Carburetor Air Temperature Gauge
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
PLT191
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Systems
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Clouds
PLT194
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Visual Illusions
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT197
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Coriolis Effect
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
PLT217
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference

59
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Approach / Landing
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT235
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Horizontal Stabilizer
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Lift
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Critical Aft CG
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Aft CG
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Center of Gravity Location
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Insufficient Forward Cyclic Control
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Translational Lift
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Level Turns
PLT249
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel System Preflight
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Injection System
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Selectors
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT259
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
PLT261
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT263
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog

60
PLT264
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Recovery / Settling with Power
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Settling-With-Power
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Settling-With-Power
PLT268
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
PLT271
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT272
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT276
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT277
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Lights Night-Flight Operations
PLT278
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Attitude Instrument Flying
PLT287
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT295
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Distractions
PLT300
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Radio VOR
Navigation Radio VORTAC
Navigation Radio VOT
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT309
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
PLT311
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT316
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Meteorology National Weather Service Aviation Products
PLT317
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Hazardous Microburst
Weather Meteorology Microburst
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations

61
PLT322
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Radio VORTAC
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT331
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Smoking
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT336
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Slope Operations
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT337
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Cooling
PLT346
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT349
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT370
Aeronautical Information Manual
Flight Operations Collision Avoidance Ground Track
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Inspections 100 Hour Inspection
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT373
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Documentation Operating Limitations
PLT374
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Responsibilities
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT395
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
PLT403
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Emergency-Priority

62
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Application During Suspension
Regulations Student Pilot Eligibility
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Transponder / Altitude Reporting Equipment
Regulations Equipment Minimum Equipment List
Regulations Equipment VFR Night Flights
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Cheating
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Commercial Pilot Logging Flight Time
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
Regulations Student Pilot Eligibility
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
Regulations Flight Instructor Training
PLT413
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Fuel Minimum Requirements
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Fuel consumption
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT415
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Preflight Action
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Knowledge Test: Retesting
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT427
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Type Rating Medical Certificate Required
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Helicopter
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency

63
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
Regulations Pilot in Command Recent Flight Experience
PLT444
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Emergency Responsibility
PLT445
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pre-Flight Requirements
PLT447
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Duration of Medical Certificate
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Currency
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations FAA Certificates Rec Pilot Privileges
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
PLT451
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Commercial Pilot Requirements
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Endorsements
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Fight Instructor Records
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements
PLT463
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations FAA Certificates Suspension / Revocation
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Alcohol / Drugs Crewmember Responsibility
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Student Pilot Requirements
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR

64
PLT470
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Autorotation
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Coning
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Coriolis Effect
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Definition
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Driving Region
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Flight Characteristics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Limitations
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Rotor Lift
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Translating Tendency or Drift
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Primary Cyclic Control
Aircraft Systems Rotor Autorotation
Aircraft Systems Rotor Vibration
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Loss of Tail Rotor Effectiveness
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Recovery from Low Rotor RPM
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
Flight Operations Maneuvers Helicopter Emergencies
PLT471
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Transmission Engine Starting
Aircraft Systems Transmission Freewheeling Unit
PLT472
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Flight Characteristics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forward Flight
Aircraft Systems Transmission Vibration
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Vibration
Aircraft Systems Rotor Improperly Rigged Tail Rotor
PLT481
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Flight Instructor Knowledge Test Authorization
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
PLT486
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Takeoff Crosswind
PLT492
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Unstable Air
PLT502
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Light Signals

65
PLT503
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Alcohol
PLT508
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 91. 413 ( a )
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Fronts
PLT512
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT516
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Circulation
PLT517
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence
Weather Hazardous Windshear
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Meteorology Microburst

66
Flight Instructor Rotorcraft Gyroplane (FRG)
Sample Questions

67
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR ROTORCRAFT GYROPLANE (FRG)
1. During flight, if you apply cyclic control pressure which results in a decrease in pitch
angle of the rotor blades at a position approximately 90° to your left, the rotor disc will tilt

A—aft.
B—left.
C—right.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall cyclic control pressure–characteristics.

2. Rotor blade-flapping action is

A—an undesirable reaction to changes in airspeed and blade angle of attack.

B—an aerodynamic reaction to high speed flight and cannot be controlled by the pilot.
C—a design feature permitting continual changes in the rotor blade angle of attack,
compensating for dissymmetry of lift.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall rotor system–types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

3. If the ground wire between the magneto and the ignition switch becomes
disconnected, the most noticeable result will be that the engine

A—will run very rough.

B—cannot be started with the switch in the ON position.
C—cannot be shut down by turning the switch to the OFF position.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall starter/ignition system–types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

4. When the pilot leans the mixture control, what is being accomplished?

A—The volume of air entering the carburetor is being reduced.

B—The volume of air entering the carburetor is being increased.
C—The amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber is being reduced.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall fuel system–components/operating
principles/characteristics/leaks.

5. A slightly below glidepath indication on a 2-bar VASI glidepath is indicated by

A—two red lights over two more red lights.

B—two white lights over two red lights.
C—two red lights over two white lights.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall airport operations–visual glide slope indicators.

68
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
ROTORCRAFT GYROPLANE KNOWLEDGE TEST (FRG)

Topic Content Specific

PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Navigation Radio ADF / NDB
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Basic Calculations
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
Navigation Pilotage Calculations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT014
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT015
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Velocity / Load Factor Chart
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Weight & Balance Diagram
PLT023
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT041
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Pressure
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports
PLT064
Aeronautical Chart User’s Guide
Publications Aeronautical Charts Sectional Aeronautical Charts
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class C
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT071
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts

69
PLT072
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
Weather Charts / Maps Winds / Temperatures Aloft Charts
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory
PLT081
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT095
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Cyclic Control
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT104
FAA-H-8083-2 - Risk Management Handbook
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Crosswind Landing
PLT113
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Required Aircraft / Equipment
PLT115
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Improper Fuel Grade
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Flight Service Stations
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT118
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Gyroscopic Action of the Propeller
PLT123
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations VFR Flight Plan Information Required
PLT124
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Performance factors
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT125
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Descents
PLT127
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Density Altitude Performance Detractor
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude

70
PLT129
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Takeoff Distance
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Direction to Takeoff Runway(s)
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Entrance to Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Heliport Markings
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Prohibited Entry
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Communications
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Distance from Clouds
PLT165
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Short-Field Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Short-Field Approach / Landing
PLT173
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Stability
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems De-Icing / Anti-Icing Carburetor Heat
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Clouds
PLT194
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Visual Illusions
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO)

71
PLT213
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Longitudinal
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Deviation Error
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT220
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Takeoff Soft Field
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Approach / Landing
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT231
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Stress Management
PLT235
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Buntover
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Buntover (Power Pushover)
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO)
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Power Pushover
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Level Turns
PLT249
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT251
AC 20-43 - Aircraft Fuel Control
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Condensation

72
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel System Preflight
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT259
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
PLT260
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Rotor Blade Flap
PLT263
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT270
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT272
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT276
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT287
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT295
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Distractions
PLT300
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Radio VOR
Navigation Radio VORTAC
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT309
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
PLT314
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
PLT317
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Hazardous Microburst
Weather Meteorology Microburst
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT322
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR

73
PLT324
AC 91-13 - Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Oil System
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT331
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Smoking
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT334
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT337
AC 91-43 - Unreliable Airspeed Indication
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Blockage
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
PLT346
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT370
Aeronautical Information Manual
Flight Operations Collision Avoidance Ground Track
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Inspections 100 Hour Inspection
Regulations Aircraft Inspections Expiration
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT373
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Documentation Operating Limitations
PLT377
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Flight Instructor Application During Suspension
Regulations Student Pilot Eligibility
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment VFR Night Flights
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Cheating
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Commercial Pilot Logging Flight Time
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time

74
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
PLT413
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Fuel Minimum Requirements
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Fuel consumption
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT415
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Preflight Action
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT427
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Type Rating Medical Certificate Required
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Flight Altitude VFR
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Pilot in Command Recent Flight Experience
PLT445
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pre-Flight Requirements
PLT447
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Medical Certificate Validity Period
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Change of Address
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
PLT451
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Fight Instructor Records
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements

75
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements
PLT463
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations FAA Certificates Suspension / Revocation
PLT470
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Blade Tip Stall
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Coning
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Rotor Lift
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Blade Tip Stall
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forward Flight
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Negative G Maneuver
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Rotor Lift
Aerodynamics Stability / Control High Forward Airspeed
Flight Operations Maneuvers Helicopter Emergencies
PLT472
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Rotor Vibration
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Positive Dynamic Stability
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Knowledge Test Authorization
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
PLT486
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Takeoff Soft Field
PLT492
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Clouds
Weather Meteorology Pressure
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT502
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Light Signals
PLT503
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Alcohol
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Separation
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT510
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Circulation
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Fronts

76
PLT512
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT516
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Circulation
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence
Weather Hazardous Windshear
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Meteorology Microburst
PLT520
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude

77
Flight Instructor Glider (FIG)
Sample Questions

78
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR GLIDER (FIG)

1. Maximum gliding distance of an aircraft is obtained when

A—parasite drag is the least.

B—induced drag and parasite drag are equal.
C—induced drag equals the coefficient of lift.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft–airspeed/air density/lift/drag.

2. Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the

A—wingspan to the wing root.

B—wingspan to the mean chord.
C—square of the chord to the wingspan.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft–aspect ratio.

3. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude–absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

4. The minimum age requirement for the applicant who is seeking a Student Pilot
Certificate limited to glider operations is

A—14 years.
B—16 years.
C—17 years.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall regulations–student pilot endorsements/other endorsements.

5. What normally results from excessive airspeed on final approach?

A—Bouncing.
B—Floating.
C—Ballooning.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall approach/landing/taxiing techniques.

79
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR GLIDER KNOWLEDGE TEST (FIG)

Topic Content Specific

PLT003
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computing Ballast
PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT008
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Airspeed
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Computations Cross-Country Soaring
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Computations
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Navigation Radio ADF / NDB
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Winch Tow
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Elements
PLT023
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Pitot Static System
PLT025
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT037
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Current Convective Hazard Forecast
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT041
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Pressure
PLT046
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Drag
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports

80
PLT062
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
Weather Meteorology Thermal Soaring
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class C
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT070
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Interpret
Weather Charts / Maps National Convective Weather Forecast NCWF
PLT071
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT072
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
Weather Charts / Maps Winds / Temperatures Aloft Charts
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory
PLT081
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT086
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT098
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Fitness for Flight
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT113
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Required Aircraft / Equipment
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Flight Service Stations
PLT120
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed

81
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT132
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds
PLT134
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Glider
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Hold Position Markings
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway with Displaced Threshold
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway Directional Sign
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes VFR Requirements
Regulations Airspace Classes Visibility and Cloud Clearance
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class A
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Communications
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Distance from Clouds
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Weather Minimums Visibility
PLT165
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Landing
Flight Operations Landing Off-Field Landing
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Approach and Landing
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Crosswind Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Roundout (Flare)

82
PLT173
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Stability
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Clouds
PLT194
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Visual Illusions
PLT195
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Emergency Approaches / Landings (Actual)
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Acceleration Error
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
PLT216
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Total Energy Compensators
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT221
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Normal Approach / Landing
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Soft-Field Takeoff / Climb
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT234
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Axes
PLT235
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Definition
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil Design
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT238
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Aspect Ratio
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Definition

83
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stability and Balance Control
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Adverse Balance
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Aft CG
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Performance Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stall and Spin Recovery
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Basic Concepts of Stability
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Rolling
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Spiral Instability
PLT245
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stall / Spins Steep Spiral
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Accelerated Stall
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Spins
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Level Turns
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Turns
PLT257
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Lift / Drag Devices
PLT263
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT277
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Lights Night-Flight Operations
PLT278
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
PLT287
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Surface Analysis Charts
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT295
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Distractions
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature

84
PLT303
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT304
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Glider
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Autotow
Flight Operations Launch Procedures CG Hook
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Glider
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Winch Launch
PLT312
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stalling Speed
PLT314
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Touchdown
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT322
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT326
AC 61-107 - Operations of Aircraft at Altitudes Above 25,000 Feet MSL and/or MACH numbers (Mmo) Greate
Aircraft Systems Environmental Oxygen
Aircraft Systems Environmental Oxygen Systems
PLT328
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Ballast
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT331
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Smoking
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT334
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Spatial Disorientation
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT337
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Inspections 100 Hour Inspection
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT373
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Documentation Operating Limitations
PLT374
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Responsibilities
PLT377
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation

85
PLT384
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Passenger Briefing / Seatbelt Usage
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT395
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Flight Instructor Application During Suspension
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Additional Category Ratings Requirements
Regulations Aerotow Procedures Training Requirements
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Flight Review Training Requirements
Regulations Flight Training Towing Gliders
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Cheating
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Commercial Pilot Logging Flight Time
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Knowledge Test: Retesting
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Stall / Spin Proficiency
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Rebuilt Engine Requirements
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Congested Areas
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition

86
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency
PLT438
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pressure Altitude Supplemental Oxygen
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
Regulations FAA Certificates Change of Address
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Endorsements
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Fight Instructor Records
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements
PLT463
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations FAA Certificates Suspension / Revocation
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Student Pilot Requirements
PLT473
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Spoilers
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
PLT474
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Mountain Wave Soaring
Weather Meteorology Soaring Weather
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Airspeed
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Turns
PLT477
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Basic Concepts of Stability
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Positive Dynamic Stability
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Knowledge Test Authorization
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
PLT492
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Clouds
Weather Meteorology Pressure

87
PLT494
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Charts / Maps Thermal Soaring
Weather Meteorology Thermal Soaring
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Approach and Landing
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Forward Speed
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT496
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Glider
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
Weather Meteorology Mountain Wave Soaring
Weather Meteorology Unstable Air
PLT503
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Alcohol
PLT510
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Thermal Soaring
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Frontal Soaring
Weather Meteorology Fronts
PLT512
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT516
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Air Masses
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure
Weather Meteorology Circulation
Weather Meteorology Thermal Soaring
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence
Weather Hazardous Windshear
PLT520
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude

88
Flight Instructor Airplane (Added Rating) (AFA)
Sample Questions

89
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR AIRPLANE (ADDED RATING) (AFA)

1. Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the

A—wingspan to the wing root.

B—wingspan to the mean chord.
C—square of the chord to the wingspan.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft–aspect ratio.

2. In a twin-engine airplane, the single-engine service ceiling is the maximum density

altitude at which VYSE will produce

A—50 feet per minute rate of climb.

B—100 feet per minute rate of climb.
C—500 feet per minute rate of climb.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–instrument
markings/airspeed/definitions/indications.

3. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.

B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–density altitude.

4. Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb
performance?

A—Low temperature, low-relative humidity, and low-density altitude.

B—High temperature, low-relative humidity, and low-density altitude.
C—High temperature, high-relative humidity, and high-density altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–atmospheric effects.

5. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude–absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

90
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
AIRPLANE (ADDED RATING) KNOWLEDGE TEST (AFA)

Topic Content Specific

PLT012
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Computing Takeoff / Climb Distance
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Shifting Weight
PLT046
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Drag
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class E
PLT074
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Velocity / Load Factor Chart
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Load Factors
PLT086
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT118
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Heading Indicator
PLT126
AC 91-13 - Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft
Aircraft Systems Environmental Cold Weather Operations
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT132
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Limitations Flight Instruments
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Hold Position Markings
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
PLT162
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Maximum Indicated Airspeed
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Special VFR Weather Minimums
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
PLT167
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter

91
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Approach Short-Field Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Crosswind Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Short-Field Approach / Landing
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
PLT207
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Electrical Electrical System Failure
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stability and Balance Control
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Adverse Balance
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Aft CG
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Indicated Airspeed
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Performance Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stall and Spin Recovery
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Divergent Oscillations
PLT245
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stall / Spins Steep Spiral
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Accelerated Stall
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Spins
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
PLT246
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT249
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Selectors
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference

92
PLT312
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stalling Speed
PLT337
AC 91-43 - Unreliable Airspeed Indication
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Blockage
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Installation Error
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 4-Cycle Engines
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Power
PLT346
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Specific Type of Flap
PLT351
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Constant-Speed Propeller
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Efficiency
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Inspections 100 Hour Inspection
PLT404
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Locator Transmitter
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
Regulations Operating Pressurized Aircraft Training Requirements
Regulations Type Rating Additional Training
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Eligibility
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
Regulations Private Pilot Currency Requirements
PLT443
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Flight Review
Regulations Type Rating Training Requirements
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Currency
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations FAA Certificates Safety Pilot Requirements
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT473
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
PLT477
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Limitations Airspeeds

93
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
PLT484
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Vs
PLT486
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Takeoff Soft Field

94
Flight Instructor Helicopter (Added Rating) (HFA)
Sample Questions

95
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR HELICOPTER (ADDED RATING) (HFA)

1. During flight, if you apply cyclic control pressure which results in a decrease in pitch
angle of the rotor blades at a position approximately 90° to your left, the rotor disc will tilt

A—aft.
B—left.
C—right.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall cyclic control pressure–characteristics.

2. Rotor blade-flapping action is

A—an undesirable reaction to changes in airspeed and blade angle of attack.

B—an aerodynamic reaction to high speed flight and cannot be controlled by the pilot.
C—a design feature permitting continual changes in the rotor blade angle of attack,
compensating for dissymmetry of lift.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall rotor system–types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

3. The forward speed of a rotorcraft is restricted primarily by

A—dissymmetry of lift.
B—transverse flow effect.
C—high-frequency vibrations.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall rotor system–types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

4. How does temperature and weight affect the VNE of a helicopter?

A—VNE increases as temperature and weight increase.

B—VNE decreases as temperature and weight increase.
C—VNE decreases as temperature increases and weight decreases.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–airspeed.

5. Performance of a helicopter can be determined by

A—knowing the density altitude, gross weight, and surface wind.

B—the formula pi times the rotor diameter divided by the blade area.
C—the highest altitude that can be maintained in a hover following liftoff.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance–atmospheric effects.

96
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
HELICOPTER (ADDED RATING) KNOWLEDGE TEST (HFA)

Topic Content Specific

PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
PLT124
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Performance factors
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT129
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Slope Operations
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Direction to Takeoff Runway(s)
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Entrance to Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Hold Short
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
PLT169
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Running Landing
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
PLT175
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Helicopter Emergencies
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems De-Icing / Anti-Icing Carburetor Air Temperature Gauge
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Center of Gravity Location
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity CG Aft of Aft Limit
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Insufficient Forward Cyclic Control
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel System Preflight

97
PLT259
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
PLT264
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Settling-With-Power
PLT268
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Hovering
PLT309
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
PLT336
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT349
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Eligibility
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Transponder / Altitude Reporting Equipment
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Student Pilot Training Requirements
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
Regulations Student Pilot Eligibility
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
Regulations Flight Instructor Training
PLT413
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Fuel Minimum Requirements
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Helicopter
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
Regulations Pilot in Command Recent Flight Experience
PLT451
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Commercial Pilot Requirements
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR

98
PLT470
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Coning
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Coriolis Effect
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Flight Characteristics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Limitations
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Rotor Lift
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Translating Tendency or Drift
Aircraft Systems Rotor Autorotation
Aircraft Systems Rotor Vibration
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Autorotation
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Recovery from Low Rotor RPM
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forward Flight
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
Flight Operations Maneuvers Helicopter Emergencies
PLT471
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Transmission Engine Starting
Aircraft Systems Transmission Freewheeling Unit
PLT472
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forward Flight
Aircraft Systems Transmission Vibration
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Vibration
Aircraft Systems Rotor Improperly Rigged Tail Rotor
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
PLT486
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Takeoff Crosswind
Flight Operations Takeoff Running / Rolling Takeoff
PLT520
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude

99
Flight Instructor Gyroplane (Added Rating) (GFA)
Sample Questions

100
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR GYROPLANE (ADDED RATING) (GFA)

1. Rotor blade-flapping action is

A—an undesirable reaction to changes in airspeed and blade angle of attack.

B—an aerodynamic reaction to high speed flight and cannot be controlled by the pilot.
C—a design feature permitting continual changes in the rotor blade angle of attack,
compensating for dissymmetry of lift.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall rotor system–types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

2. During flight, if you apply cyclic control pressure which results in a decrease in pitch
angle of the rotor blades at a position approximately 90° to your left, the rotor disc will tilt

A—aft.
B—left.
C—right.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall cyclic control pressure–characteristics.

3. If the ground wire between the magneto and the ignition switch becomes
disconnected, the most noticeable result will be that the engine

A—will run very rough.

B—cannot be started with the switch in the ON position.
C—cannot be shut down by turning the switch to the OFF position.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall starter/ignition system–types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

4. When the pilot leans the mixture control, what is being accomplished?

A—The volume of air entering the carburetor is being reduced.

B—The volume of air entering the carburetor is being increased.
C—The amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber is being reduced.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall fuel system–components/operating principles/characteristics/leaks.

5. A slightly below glidepath indication on a 2-bar VASI glidepath is indicated by

A—two red lights over two white lights.

B—two white lights over two red lights.
C—two red lights over two more red lights.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall airport operations–visual glide slope indicators.

101
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
GYROPLANE (ADDED RATING) KNOWLEDGE TEST (GFA)

Topic Content Specific

PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT086
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Crosswind Landing
PLT113
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Required Aircraft / Equipment
PLT118
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Gyroscopic Action of the Propeller
PLT124
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Performance factors
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT125
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Descents
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Density Altitude Performance Detractor
PLT129
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Takeoff Distance
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Class D Airspace Communications
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Short-Field Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Short-Field Approach / Landing
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO)
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Emergency Approaches / Landings (Actual)
PLT213
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Longitudinal
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference

102
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Takeoff Soft Field
PLT235
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Buntover
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Buntover (Power Pushover)
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO)
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Power Pushover
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT259
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
PLT260
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Rotor Blade Flap
PLT309
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
PLT324
AC 91-13 - Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Oil System
PLT351
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Blade Angle
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT405
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Minimum Equipment List
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT413
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Fuel Minimum Requirements
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Knowledge Test: Retesting
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT427
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Type Rating Medical Certificate Required

103
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations FAA Certificates Rec Pilot Privileges
PLT451
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Experience Requirements
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Student Pilots Eligibility
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements
PLT470
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Blade Tip Stall
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forward Flight
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Negative G Maneuver
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Rotor Lift
Aerodynamics Stability / Control High Forward Airspeed
PLT472
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Rotor Vibration
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
PLT486
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Takeoff Soft Field

104
Flight Instructor Glider (Added Rating) (AFG)
Sample Questions

105
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR GLIDER (ADDED RATING) (AFG)

1. Maximum gliding distance of an aircraft is obtained when

A—parasite drag is the least.

B—induced drag and parasite drag are equal.
C—induced drag equals the coefficient of lift.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft–airspeed/air density/lift/drag.

2. Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the

A—wingspan to the wing root.

B—wingspan to the mean chord.
C—square of the chord to the wingspan.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft–aspect ratio.

3. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude–absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

4. The minimum age requirement for the applicant who is seeking a Student Pilot
Certificate limited to glider operations is

A—14 years.
B—16 years.
C—17 years.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall regulations–student pilot endorsements/other endorsements.

5. What normally results from excessive airspeed on final approach?

A—Bouncing.
B—Floating.
C—Ballooning.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall approach/landing/taxiing techniques.

106
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
GLIDER (ADDED RATING) KNOWLEDGE TEST (AFG)

Topic Content Specific

PLT008
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Airspeed
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Computations Cross-Country Soaring
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Computations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Winch Tow
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT062
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
Weather Meteorology Thermal Soaring
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Direction to Takeoff Runway(s)
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Prohibited Entry
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway with Displaced Threshold
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway Directional Sign
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes Visibility and Cloud Clearance
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Weather Minimums Visibility
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Landing
Flight Operations Landing Off-Field Landing
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Approach and Landing
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed

107
PLT216
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Total Energy Compensators
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Soft-Field Takeoff / Climb
PLT235
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Adverse Balance
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stall and Spin Recovery
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT245
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Spins
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Turns
PLT303
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT304
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Glider
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Autotow
Flight Operations Launch Procedures CG Hook
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Glider
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Winch Launch
PLT312
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stalling Speed
PLT328
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Ballast
PLT337
AC 91-43 - Unreliable Airspeed Indication
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Blockage
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Additional Category Ratings Requirements
Regulations Flight Review Training Requirements
Regulations Flight Training Towing Gliders
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements

108
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Stall / Spin Proficiency
PLT438
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pressure Altitude Supplemental Oxygen
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT474
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Airspeed
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Positive Dynamic Stability
PLT494
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Charts / Maps Thermal Soaring
Weather Meteorology Thermal Soaring
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Approach and Landing
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Frontal Soaring

109
Flight Instructor Sport Pilot—Airplane (SIA)
Sample Questions

110
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—AIRPLANE (SIA)
1. Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the

A—wingspan to the wing root.

B—wingspan to the mean chord.
C—square of the chord to the wingspan.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft-aspect ratio.

2. In a twin-engine airplane, the single-engine service ceiling is the maximum density

altitude at which VYSE will produce

A—50 feet per minute rate of climb.

B—100 feet per minute rate of climb.
C—500 feet per minute rate of climb.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-
instrument/markings/airspeed/definitions/indications

3. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.

B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-density altitude.

4. Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb
performance?

A—Low temperature, low relative humidity, and low-density altitude.

B—High temperature, low relative humidity, and low-density altitude.
C—High temperature, high relative humidity, and high-density altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-atmospheric effects.

5. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude-absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

111
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—AIRPLANE (SIA)

Topic Content Specific

PLT001
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Positive Stability
PLT004
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Climb / Cruise Performance Data
PLT006
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Glide Distance
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
Navigation Pilotage Calculations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT015
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Effect of Load Factor on Stalling Speed
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pitch Attitude
Aerodynamics Stall / Spins Loading
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Weight & Balance Diagram
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT023
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT034
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Definition
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT044
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Procedures Communications
PLT046
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Drag
PLT051
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Interpretation
PLT059
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports

112
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT066
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT074
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Velocity / Load Factor Chart
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory
Publications Airport Facility Directory Directory Legend
PLT081
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT098
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Fitness for Flight
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Airport Operations Taxiing Control Positioning
Flight Operations Maneuvers Advanced
PLT113
14 CFR part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Certification Regulation Criteria
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Flight Service Stations
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT118
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Heading Indicator
PLT120
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
PLT124
Aeronautical Information Manual
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude

113
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Density Altitude Performance Detractor
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT132
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Limitations Flight Instruments
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Hold Position Markings
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Hold Short
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes Transponder / Altitude Reporting Equipment
Regulations Airspace Classes VFR Requirements
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Communications
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Distance from Clouds
PLT165
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Short-Field Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Crosswind Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Roundout (Flare)
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
PLT194
AC 90-48 - Pilots` Role in Collision Avoidance
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Collision Avoidance
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations

114
PLT206
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Acceleration Error
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Deviation Error
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT221
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Normal Approach / Landing
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Approach / Landing
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT232
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stall and Spin Recovery
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Rolling
PLT245
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stall / Spins Steep Spiral
PLT246
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Level Turns
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT250
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Refueling Procedures
PLT251
AC 20-43 - Aircraft Fuel Control
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Condensation

115
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel System Preflight
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT255
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Grounding
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT261
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT286
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Prog charts
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
PLT305
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Specific Type of Flap
PLT311
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT314
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Touchdown
PLT317
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Meteorology Microburst
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT323
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage NOTAMS
PLT334
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Spatial Disorientation
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT337
AC 91-43 - Unreliable Airspeed Indication
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Blockage
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 4-Cycle Engines
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Cooling
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Overheating
PLT351
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Blade Angle
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Efficiency
PLT370
Aeronautical Information Manual
Flight Operations Collision Avoidance Ground Track

116
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Inspections 100 Hour Inspection
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT395
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
PLT403
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Emergency-Priority
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Application During Suspension
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
PLT413
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Fuel Minimum Requirements
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Congested Areas
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Other Than Congested Areas
PLT432
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Operational Control
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Private Pilot Currency Requirements
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements

117
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Student Pilot Requirements
PLT473
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
PLT475
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT478
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Ignition System
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Basic Concepts of Stability
PLT481
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
PLT484
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Vs
PLT492
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Unstable Air
PLT502
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Light Signals
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Light Signal - Aircraft on Ground
Regulations Universal Signals Control Tower Signals
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Light Signals
PLT503
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Alcohol
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT516
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure
PLT517
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure

118
Flight Instructor Sport Pilot—Balloon (SIB)
Sample Questions

119
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—BALLOON (SIB)
1. A heavy airship, flying dynamically with air ballasted forward to overcome a climbing
tendency and slowed down for weigh-off prior to landing, will be very nose heavy. This
condition can be corrected prior to landing by
A—ballasting airlift.
B—discharging forward ballast.
C—dumping fuel from the forward tanks.
Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall approach/landing/taxiing techniques.

2. Regarding lift as developed by a hot air balloon, which is true?

A—The higher the temperature of the ambient air, the greater the lift for any given envelope
temperature.
B—The greater the difference between the temperature of the ambient air and the envelope air,
the greater the lift.
C—The smaller the difference between the temperature of the ambient air and the envelope air,
the greater the lift.
Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall balloon gas/hot air–lift/false lift/characteristics.

3. (Refer to FAA-CT-8080-5F, Figure 1.) What is the maximum altitude for a balloon if the
gross weight is 1,060 pounds and standard temperature exists at all altitudes?
A—4,000 feet.
B—5,000 feet.
C—7,000 feet.
Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Calculate weight and balance.
NOTE: See Figure 1 on page 69.

4. Density altitude increases with

A—an increase in temperature only.
B—increases in pressure, temperature, and moisture content of the air.
C—increases in temperature and moisture content of the air, and a decrease in pressure.
Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance – density altitude.

5. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.
B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.
Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-density altitude.

120
GRAPHIC FOR SAMPLE QUESTION NUMBER 3: Figure 1.

121
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—BALLOON (SIB)

Topic Content Specific

PLT001
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Balloon
PLT021
Balloon Ground School
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Maximum Altitude
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Limitations
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Limitations
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Elements
PLT023
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Pitot Static System
PLT030
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Balloon
PLT051
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Interpretation
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports
PLT064
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Airspace Controlled Class B
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT066
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Winds / Temperatures Aloft Charts
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
PLT113
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Climb Balloon
PLT125
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Balloon - Climb / Descent

122
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Density Altitude Performance Detractor
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT159
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Super Heat
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class D
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT165
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Altimeter
PLT177
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Balloon
Flight Operations Cruise Balloon
PLT179
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Definitions
PLT180
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Balloon
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT183
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Balloon
How To Fly A Balloon
Flight Operations Maneuvers Balloon
PLT184
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Balloon
Flight Operations Landing Passenger Management
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Ground Crew / Launch / Balloon
Flight Operations Recovery Procedures Landing
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Clouds
PLT206
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT208
FAA Accident Prevention Program Bulletins
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Avoiding Powerline(s)
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Awareness of Powerlines
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Balloon Fuel Management
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Deviation Error
PLT221
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Balloon
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Fuel Weight per Gallon

123
PLT251
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel Type
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel Weight
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Balloon Fuel Management
PLT253
Balloon Digest - Balloon Federation of America
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Gauge
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Balloon
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Tanks
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Burner
Flight Operations Normal Procedures Burner Operation
PLT254
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Ambient Temperature
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Balloon
PLT267
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Gas balloon
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT304
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Balloon
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Ascent
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Balloon Launch Site
PLT313
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Definitions
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Burner
PLT346
Balloon Ground School
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Primary Balloon
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT373
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Primary Balloon
PLT377
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT384
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Passenger Briefing / Seatbelt Usage
PLT395
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Airship

124
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Congested Areas
PLT432
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Operational Control
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
PLT444
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Emergency Responsibility
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Limitations / Student Pilots / Solo Flight
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
PLT463
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations FAA Certificates Suspension / Revocation
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Alcohol / Drugs Crewmember Responsibility
PLT473
FAA-H-8083-11 - Balloon Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Normal Procedures Tethering
Not yet assigned
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Balloon
PLT481
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
Weather Meteorology Unstable Air
PLT502
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Light Signals
PLT503
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Alcohol
PLT510
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Circulation
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Icing

125
PLT516
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Atmospheric Pressure
Weather Meteorology Circulation
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence

126
Flight Instructor Sport Pilot—Glider (SIG)
Sample Questions

127
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—GLIDER (SIG)
1. Maximum gliding distance of an aircraft is obtained when

A—parasite drag is the least.

B—induced drag and parasite drag are equal.
C—induced drag equals the coefficient of lift.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft-airspeed/air density/lift/drag.

2. Aspect ratio of a wing is defined as the ratio of the

A—wingspan to the wing root.

B—wingspan to the mean chord.
C—square of the chord to the wingspan.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall forces acting on aircraft-aspect ratio.

3. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude-absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

4. The minimum age requirement for the applicant who is seeking a Student Pilot
Certificate limited to glider operations is

A—14 years.
B—16 years.
C—17 years.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall regulations-student pilot endorsements/other endorsements.

5. What normally results from excessive airspeed on final approach?

A—Bouncing.
B—Floating.
C—Ballooning.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall approach/landing/taxiing techniques.

128
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—GLIDER (SIG)

Topic Content Specific

PLT003
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computing Ballast Amount
PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Computations Cross-Country Soaring
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Computations
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Ground Roll
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stall / Spins Loading
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Winch Tow
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT062
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Airspace Controlled Class B
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT070
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps National Convective Weather Forecast NCWF
PLT074
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Velocity / Load Factor Chart
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory

129
PLT088
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Airspeed Indicator
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Airport Operations Taxiing Control Positioning
Airport Operations Taxiing Crosswind Taxi Procedures
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT120
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
PLT124
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Class D Airspace Communications
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Stalls
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Off-Field Landing
PLT194
AC 90-48 - Pilots` Role in Collision Avoidance
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Collision Avoidance
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Visual Illusions
PLT195
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations

130
PLT206
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Acceleration Error
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Deviation Error
PLT216
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Total Energy Compensators
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Maneuvers Stalls / Spins
Flight Operations Maneuvers Turns
PLT231
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Stress Management
PLT235
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Stability and Balance Control
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Performance Characteristics
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Basic Concepts of Stability
PLT248
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Level Turns
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Tanks
PLT257
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Lift / Drag Devices
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT304
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Glider
Flight Operations Launch Procedures CG Hook
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Glider
PLT305
Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Flaps
PLT314
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
PLT328
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Ballast
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological

131
PLT334
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT337
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Blockage
PLT370
Aeronautical Information Manual
Flight Operations Collision Avoidance Ground Track
PLT374
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Responsibilities
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT403
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Emergency-Priority
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Aerotow Procedures Training Requirements
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations FAA Certificates Change of Address
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Endorsements
PLT463
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Alcohol / Drugs Crewmember Responsibility
PLT473
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Spoilers

132
PLT474
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Soaring Weather
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Turns
PLT494
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Charts / Maps Thermal Soaring
Weather Meteorology Thermal Soaring
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Soaring Techniques Approach and Landing
PLT495
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT510
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Thermal Soaring
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying

133
Flight Instructor Sport Pilot—Lighter-Than-Air (Airship) (SIL)
Sample Questions

134
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—LIGHTER-THAN-AIR (AIRSHIP)
(SIL)
1. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.

B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-density altitude.

2. Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb
performance?

A—Low temperature, low relative humidity, and low-density altitude.

B—High temperature, low relative humidity, and low-density altitude.
C—High temperature, high relative humidity, and high-density altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-atmospheric effects.

3. (Refer to FAA-CT-8080-5F, Figure 24.) Determine the pressure altitude at an airport

that is 1,386 feet MSL with an altimeter setting of 29.97.

A—1,341 feet MSL.

B—1,451 feet MSL.
C—1,562 feet MSL.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Calculate pressure altitude.
NOTE: See Figure 3 on page 84.

4. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude-absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

5. In which situation is indicated altitude the same as true altitude?

A—If the altimeter has no mechanical error.

B—When at sea level under standard atmospheric conditions.
C—When at 18,000 feet MSL with the altimeter set at 29.92.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Define altitude-absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.
135
GRAPHIC FOR SAMPLE QUESTION NUMBER 3: Figure 3.

136
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—LIGHTER-THAN-AIR (AIRSHIP) (SIL)

Topic Content Specific

PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Elements
PLT030
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airship
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT044
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Procedures Communications
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Airspace Controlled Class B
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT066
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT072
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory
Publications Airport Facility Directory Directory Legend
PLT098
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Fitness for Flight
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT107
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Electrical Generator / Alternator

137
PLT112
Navy Lighter-Than-Air Airship Flight Manual
Flight Operations Climb Position of Dampers
PLT114
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aircraft Systems Environmental Load Distribution
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Flight Service Stations
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT125
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Flight Operations Descent Normal Descent / Airship
Flight Operations Normal Procedures Descent
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT152
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airship
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Ballast
PLT153
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Controllability
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airship
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Buoyancy
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Equilibrium Condition
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Flight Characteristics
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Light / Heavy Flight Unbalanced
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Unbalanced Condition
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Flight Characteristics
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Check Valves in the Airscoops
Navy Lighter-Than-Air Airship Flight Manual
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Transfer Air Forward / Aft
PLT154
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Ground Weigh-Off
PLT156
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Maximum Headway
Flight Operations Cruise Maximum Headway/Airship
PLT157
Navy Lighter-Than-Air Airship Flight Manual
Flight Operations Climb Position of Dampers
PLT158
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Buoyancy
PLT160
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes VFR Requirements
Regulations Class D Airspace Communications
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility

138
PLT170
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Flight Operations Landing Heavy Airship / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Landing
PLT191
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Systems
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT207
Electricity and Electronics
Aircraft Systems Electrical Battery Acid Burns
PLT208
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Primary Leak / Damage
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Gas Envelope Rip / Damage / Airship
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Total Loss of Engine(s) Power
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Acceleration Error
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Deviation Error
PLT221
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Flight Operations Landing Heavy Landing / Airship / Calm Wind
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Takeoff
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Take-off Procedure / Hazardous / Airship
PLT231
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Stress Management
PLT232
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT239
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aerodynamics Flight Characteristics Physics
PLT249
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel System Preflight
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Tanks
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Fuel Injection System
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Mixture Control
PLT255
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Grounding

139
PLT261
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT271
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT272
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT278
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
PLT301
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Airship - Climb / Descent
PLT304
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Flight Operations Launch Procedures Airship
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT328
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Ballast
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT334
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT337
AC 91-43 - Unreliable Airspeed Indication
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Blockage
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 4-Cycle Engines
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Cooling
PLT351
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Effective Pitch
Aircraft Systems Propeller Geometric Pitch
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Slippage
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT395
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition

140
PLT403
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Emergency-Priority
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Airship
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Congested Areas
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Other Than Congested Areas
PLT432
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Operational Control
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
PLT444
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Emergency Responsibility
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Change of Address
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT463
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Alcohol / Drugs Crewmember Responsibility
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class B Airspace Student Pilot Requirements

141
PLT473
Airship Aerodynamics Technical Manual
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Air Damper Valves
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Ballonets
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Secondary Damper Valves
PLT478
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Ignition
PLT481
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
PLT502
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Light Signals
Regulations Universal Signals Control Tower Signals
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Light Signals
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Icing
Weather Meteorology Air Masses

142
Flight Instructor Sport Pilot—Powered Parachute (SIP)
Sample Questions

143
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—POWERED PARACHUTE (SIP)
1. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.

B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-density altitude.

2. Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb
performance?

A—Low temperature, low relative humidity, and low-density altitude.

B—High temperature, low relative humidity, and low-density altitude.
C—High temperature, high relative humidity, and high-density altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-atmospheric effects.

3. (Refer to FAA-CT-8080-5F, Figure 24.) Determine the pressure altitude at an airport

that is 1,386 feet MSL with an altimeter setting of 29.97.

A—1,341 feet MSL.

B—1,451 feet MSL.
C—1,562 feet MSL.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Calculate pressure altitude.
NOTE: See Figure 4 on page 93.

4. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude-absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

5. In which situation is indicated altitude the same as true altitude?

A—If the altimeter has no mechanical error.

B—When at sea level under standard atmospheric conditions.
C—When at 18,000 feet MSL with the altimeter set at 29.92.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Define altitude-absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

144
GRAPHIC FOR SAMPLE QUESTION NUMBER 3: Figure 4.

145
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—POWERED PARACHUTE (SIP)

Topic Content Specific

PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Ground Roll
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Landing Distance
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Fuel Weight per Gallon
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT025
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT041
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Pressure
PLT044
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Procedures Communications
PLT051
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Interpretation
Weather Charts / Maps Convective Outlook Charts
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Airspace Controlled Class B
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT066
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps Severe Weather Outlook Charts
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory
PLT098
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Fitness for Flight

146
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT114
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Structures Center of Gravity Tube
Aircraft Systems Structures Fan Guard
Aircraft Systems Structures Parachute
PLT115
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Detonation
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT124
Aeronautical Information Manual
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT125
Powered Parachute Bible
Aerodynamics Airspeed Thrust
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Density Altitude Performance Detractor
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Entrance to Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit Sign
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes VFR Requirements
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Communications
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Crosswind Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Roundout (Flare)

147
PLT190
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Icing
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Carburetor
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT194
AC 90-48 - Pilots` Role in Collision Avoidance
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Collision Avoidance
PLT195
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Normal Approach / Landing
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Emergency Approaches / Landings (Actual)
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT221
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Normal Approach / Landing
Powered Parachute Bible
Flight Operations Landing Flaring / Powered Parachute / Landing
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Soft-Field Takeoff / Climb
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT232
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil Design
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT246
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft

148
PLT250
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Refueling Procedures
PLT251
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 2-Cycle Engines
PLT253
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Tanks
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Venting
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 2-Cycle Engines
PLT254
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Tanks
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT263
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT270
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT271
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Structures Parachute
PLT272
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT278
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Powerplant EGT
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT314
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Touchdown
PLT317
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Hazardous Microburst
Weather Meteorology Microburst
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT323
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage NOTAMS
PLT324
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 2-Cycle Engines
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological

149
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT334
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 4-Cycle Engines
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Cooling
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Efficiency
PLT344
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT346
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Primary Steering Bars
PLT348
Powered Parachute Bible
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Turning Tendency
PLT351
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Efficiency
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT370
Aeronautical Information Manual
Flight Operations Collision Avoidance Ground Track
PLT377
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT403
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Emergency-Priority
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements

150
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Congested Areas
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT463
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Alcohol / Drugs Crewmember Responsibility
PLT475
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT478
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Magnetos
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Positive Dynamic Stability
PLT481
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
PLT502
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Light Signals
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Light Signal - Aircraft on Ground
Regulations Universal Signals Control Tower Signals
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Light Signals
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Separation
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT512
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence
Weather Hazardous Windshear

151
Flight Instructor Sport Pilot—Weight-Shift-Control (SIW)
Sample Questions

152
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—WEIGHT-SHIFT-CONTROL
(SIW)
1. What effect does high-density altitude have on aircraft performance?

A—It increases engine performance.

B—It reduces climb performance.
C—It increases takeoff performance.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-density altitude.

2. Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb
performance?

A—Low temperature, low relative humidity, and low-density altitude.

B—High temperature, low relative humidity, and low-density altitude.
C—High temperature, high relative humidity, and high-density altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall aircraft performance-atmospheric effects.

3. (Refer to FAA-CT-8080-5F, Figure 24.) Determine the pressure altitude at an airport

that is 1,386 feet MSL with an altimeter setting of 29.97.

A—1,341 feet MSL.

B—1,451 feet MSL.
C—1,562 feet MSL.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Calculate pressure altitude.
NOTE: See Figure 5 on page 102.

4. What is true altitude?

A—The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.

B—The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
C—The height above the standard datum plane.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Define altitude-absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.

5. In which situation is indicated altitude the same as true altitude?

A—If the altimeter has no mechanical error.

B—When at sea level under standard atmospheric conditions.
C—When at 18,000 feet MSL with the altimeter set at 29.92.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Define altitude-absolute/true/indicated/density/pressure.
153
GRAPHIC FOR SAMPLE QUESTION NUMBER 3: Figure 5.

154
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—WEIGHT-SHIFT-CONTROL (SIW)

Topic Content Specific

PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Ground Roll
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Landing Distance
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Fuel Weight per Gallon
PLT022
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT025
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Physics
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT041
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Pressure
PLT044
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Procedures Communications
PLT051
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Interpretation
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT061
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Pilot Reports
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Airspace Controlled Class B
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT074
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Velocity / Load Factor Chart
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Tower Hours of Operation
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory
Publications Airport Facility Directory Directory Legend
PLT098
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Fitness for Flight

155
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
PLT114
FAA-H-8083-5 - Weight-Shift Control Aircraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Primary Wing Tips
Aircraft Systems Structures Crosstube
Aircraft Systems Structures Wing
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT124
Aeronautical Information Manual
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Density Altitude Performance Detractor
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT129
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Takeoff Distance
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Entrance to Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit Sign
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT146
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Segmented Circle
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Limitations
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes VFR Requirements
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Controlled Communications
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT168
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT170
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Crosswind Approach / Landing
Flight Operations Landing Roundout (Flare)
PLT190
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Carburetor

156
PLT192
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT194
AC 90-48 - Pilots` Role in Collision Avoidance
Airport Operations Traffic Patterns Collision Avoidance
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Emergency Approaches / Landings (Actual)
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT221
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Normal Approach / Landing
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Soft-Field Takeoff / Climb
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT232
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT236
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Airfoil Design
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT237
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT241
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Pressure Distribution
FAA-H-8083-5 - Weight-Shift Control Aircraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Primary Wing Tips
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT246
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT250
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Refueling Procedures

157
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel System Preflight
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Tanks
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Tanks
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Venting
PLT254
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Tanks
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT263
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT270
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT272
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT289
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Aviation Weather Forecasts
PLT301
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Temperature
PLT314
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Touchdown
PLT317
Aeronautical Information Manual
Weather Hazardous Microburst
Weather Meteorology Microburst
PLT320
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT324
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 2-Cycle Engines
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT334
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Cooling
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 2-Cycle Engines
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Efficiency
PLT344
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture

158
PLT346
FAA-H-8083-5 - Weight-Shift Control Aircraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Flight Controls / Primary Keel Pocket
PLT351
Powered Parachute Bible
Aircraft Systems Propeller Propeller Efficiency
PLT366
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Reporting
PLT370
Aeronautical Information Manual
Flight Operations Collision Avoidance Ground Track
PLT377
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use Military Training Route
Airspace Special Use MOA
PLT403
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Emergency-Priority
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
PLT416
49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents
Regulations NTSB Part 830 Definition
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Congested Areas
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Definition
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications CTAF
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans

159
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Endorsements
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements
PLT463
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Alcohol / Drugs Crewmember Responsibility
PLT475
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT478
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Magnetos
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Negative Static Stability
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Positive Dynamic Stability
PLT481
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT495
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Thunderstorms
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
PLT502
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Light Signals
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Light Signal - Aircraft on Ground
Regulations Universal Signals Control Tower Signals
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Light Signals
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Separation
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT512
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence
Weather Hazardous Windshear

160
Flight Instructor Sport Pilot—Gyroplane (SIY)
Sample Questions

161
 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—GYROPLANE (SIY)
1. During flight, if you apply cyclic control pressure, which results in a decrease in pitch
angle of the rotor blades at a position approximately 90° to your left, the rotor disc will tilt

A—aft.
B—left.
C—right.

Answer: A.
Learning Statement: Recall cyclic control pressure-characteristics.

2. Rotor blade flapping action is

A—an undesirable reaction to changes in airspeed and blade angle.

B—an aerodynamic reaction to high speed flight and cannot be controlled by the pilot.
C—a design feature permitting continual changes in the rotor blade angle of attack,
compensating for dissymmetry of lift.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall rotor system-types/components/operating principles/characteristics.

3. If the ground wire between the magneto and the ignition switch becomes
disconnected, the most noticeable result will be that the engine

A—will run very rough.

B—cannot be started with the switch in the ON position.
C—cannot be shut down by turning the switch to the OFF position.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall starter/ignition system-types/components/operating
principles/characteristics.

4. A slightly below glide path indication on a 2-bar VASI glide path is indicated by

A—two red lights over two white lights.

B—two white lights over two red lights.
C—two red lights over two more red lights.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall airport operations-visual glideslope indicators.

5. When the pilot leans the mixture control, what is being accomplished?

A—The volume of air entering the carburetor is being reduced.

B—The volume of air entering the carburetor is being increased.
C—The amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber is being reduced.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall fuel system-components/operating principles/characteristics/leaks.

162
 LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPORT PILOT—GYROPLANE (SIY)

Topic Content Specific

PLT005
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Computations Determining Density Altitude
PLT012
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
Navigation Pilotage Calculations
PLT013
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Charts Determining Crosswind Component
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Weight & Balance Diagram
PLT023
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Altitude
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT044
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Procedures Communications
PLT051
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Interpretation
Weather Charts / Maps Convective Outlook Charts
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class D
Airspace Special Use Alert Areas
Sectional Aeronautical Chart
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT070
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Charts / Maps National Convective Weather Forecast NCWF
PLT074
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Velocity / Load Factor Chart
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT078
Airport/Facility Directory
Navigation Pilotage Airport / Facility Directory
PLT088
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Airspeed Indicator
PLT095
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Propeller Slipstream

163
PLT101
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Pilotage Aeronautical Charts
Navigation Pilotage Measurement of Direction
PLT107
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Electrical Generator / Alternator
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Landing Crosswind Landing
PLT116
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Change in Proposed Departure Time
PLT124
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Performance factors
PLT125
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Approach Descents
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Density Altitude Performance Detractor
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Prohibited Entry
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway Exit Sign
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Taxiway
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes VFR Requirements
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class E
PLT162
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Uncontrolled Class D Airspace
PLT191
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Carburetor Systems
PLT194
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Visual Illusions
PLT196
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled ATIS
PLT198
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT206
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Determining Density Altitude
PLT208
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO)
PLT214
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Maneuvering Speed

164
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Acceleration Error
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Compass
Aircraft Systems Flight Instruments Deviation Error
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
Flight Operations Takeoff Soft Field
PLT232
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Insufficient Forward Cyclic Control
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Dissymmetry of Lift
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT244
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Pilot-Induced Oscillation (PIO)
PLT246
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT250
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Refueling Procedures
PLT253
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Fuel / Oil Fuel System Preflight
PLT258
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Ground Reference
PLT260
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Rotor Blade Flap
PLT271
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Risk Management
PLT278
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
Aircraft Systems Propeller Constant-Speed Propeller
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT309
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Load Factor
PLT314
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Formulas
PLT337
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator

165
PLT343
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Powerplant 4-Cycle Engines
Aircraft Systems Powerplant Cooling
PLT370
Aeronautical Information Manual
Flight Operations Collision Avoidance Ground Track
PLT393
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Special Use MOA
Airspace Special Use Warning Areas
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Cheating
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Airship
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Unicom Frequency
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Change of Address
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Suspended / Revoked
Regulations FAA Certificates Change of Address
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
PLT455
Aeronautical Information Manual
Navigation Pilotage Closing VFR / DVR Flight Plans
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Endorsements
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT470
FAA-H-8083-21A - Helicopter Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Main Rotor System
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Blade Tip Stall
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forward Flight
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Negative G Maneuver
Aerodynamics Stability / Control High Forward Airspeed
Flight Operations Maneuvers Helicopter Emergencies
PLT472
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Aircraft Systems Rotor Vibration
PLT481
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
PLT501
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
Weather Meteorology Unstable Air

166
PLT502
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Light Signals
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Light Signal - Aircraft on Ground
Regulations Universal Signals Control Tower Signals
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Tower Controlled Light Signals
PLT509
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Separation
Airport Operations Wake Turbulence Wake Turbulence Avoidance
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Icing
PLT518
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Turbulence

167
Military Competence Instructor (MCI)
Sample Questions

168
 MILITARY COMPETENCE INSTRUCTOR (MCI)

1. If the outside air temperature (OAT) at a given altitude is warmer than standard, the
density altitude is

A—equal to pressure altitude.

B—lower than pressure altitude.
C—higher than pressure altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Calculate aircraft performance – density altitude.

2. Which is the best technique for minimizing the wing-load factor when flying in severe
turbulence?

A—Control airspeed with power, maintain wings level, and accept variations of altitude.
B—Control airspeed as closely as possible with elevator and power, and accept variations of
bank and altitude.
C—Set power and trim to obtain an airspeed at or below maneuvering speed, maintain wings
level, and accept variations of airspeed and altitude.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall load factor – maneuvering / stall speed.

3. (Refer to FAA-CT-8080-5F, Figure 17.) What load factor would be created if positive 30
feet per second gusts were encountered at 130 knots?

A—3.8.
B—3.0.
C—2.0.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Interpret information on a Velocity/Load Factor Chart.

4. (Refer to FAA-CT-8080-5F, Figure 30.) Using a maximum demonstrated crosswind

component equal to 0.2 VSO, what is a pilot able to determine?

VSO 60 kts
Landing Rwy 12
Wind 150° at 20 kts

A—Headwind component exceeds recommended limits.

B—Crosswind component is within safe limits.
C—Maximum demonstrated crosswind component is exceeded.

Answer: B.
Learning Statement: Calculate crosswind / headwind components.

169
5. You endorse the back of a student pilot certificate for solo cross-country privileges in
a helicopter. As a flight instructor, you know that

A—you may limit the cross-country privileges to a specific make and model by making a
notation on the student pilot certificate.
B—the student may exercise cross-country privileges in any make and model for which he/she
has a solo flight endorsement on the student certificate.
C—the student must have a logbook endorsement authorizing solo cross-country privileges in
the specific make and model.

Answer: C.
Learning Statement: Recall regulations – student pilot endorsements / other endorsements.

170
GRAPHICS FOR MILITARY COMPETENCE INSTRUCTOR SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Figure 17

Figure 30
171
LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS SPECIFIC TO THE MILITARY COMPETENCE
INSTRUCTOR (MCI) KNOWLEDGE TEST

Topic Content Specific

PLT015
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Navigation Dead Reckoning Calculations
PLT018
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Effect of Load Factor on Stalling Speed
PLT021
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Computations
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Shifting Weight
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Weight and Balance Aircraft Loading Shifting Weight
Weight and Balance Center of Gravity Shifting Weight
PLT040
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class C
PLT051
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Interpretation
PLT059
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR)
PLT062
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Soaring forecasts
PLT064
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airspace Controlled Class B
Airspace Controlled Class E
Airspace Controlled Equipment Required
PLT068
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT072
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT075
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
Weather Charts / Maps Weather Depiction Charts
PLT076
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Reports Weather depiction
PLT081
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts TAF
PLT096
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT097
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Environmental Factors Carbon Monoxide
PLT103
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Fundamentals of Instructing Human Behavior Control of Human Behavior
Human Factors ADM Hazardous Attitude

172
 PLT104
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction ADM
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Situational Awareness
PLT107
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Electrical Charging Systems
PLT112
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stall / Spins Spin Recovery
PLT113
14 CFR part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Certification Regulation Criteria
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Required Aircraft / Equipment
PLT118
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Instrument Procedures Basic Flight Instruments Attitude Indicator
Instrument Procedures Basic Flight Instruments Gyroscopic Systems
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Instrument Procedures Basic Flight Instruments Turn Coordinator
PLT127
FAA-H-8083-21 - Rotorcraft Flying Handbook
Weather Meteorology Density Altitude
PLT131
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aircraft Performance Atmospheric Effects Ground Effect
PLT141
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Marking / Signs Runway
PLT146
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Class D Airspace Minimum Altitudes
PLT147
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Lighting VASI
PLT161
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 ATC Transponder and Altitude Reporting
Equipment
Regulations Airspace Classes Controlled Airspace Requirements
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Airspace Classes Transponder / Altitude Reporting Equipment
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
PLT162
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Maximum Indicated Airspeed
Regulations Class B Airspace Maximum Indicated Airspeed
PLT163
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Special VFR Weather Minimums
Regulations Airspace Classes Minimum Flight Visibility
Regulations Weather Minimums Special VFR
Regulations Weather Minimums Visibility
PLT166
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Instrument Procedures Basic Flight Instruments Altimeter
PLT172
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Airspace Classes Transponder / Altitude Reporting Equipment

173
PLT187
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Instrument Procedures Basic Flight Instruments Turn-and-Slip Indicator
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Instrument Procedures Basic Flight Instruments Turn Coordinator
PLT204
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Effective Communication Teaching Process
PLT211
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Critique / Evaluation Evaluation
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Instructional Aids / Training Technologies Teaching Aids
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Evaluation
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Pre Solo Requirements
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Process Assessment
PLT215
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Instrument Procedures Attitude Instrument Flying Bank
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Instrument Procedures Basic Flight Instruments Magnetic Compass
PLT219
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Maneuvers Basic
PLT222
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Flight Operations Emergency Procedures Approach / Landing
PLT226
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Fog
PLT227
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Integrated Flight Instruction
PLT228
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Effective Communication Teaching Process
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Transfer
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Perceptions
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Lesson Plan
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Practice
PLT229
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Learning Theory
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
PLT230
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Human Behavior Flight Instructor as a Practical Psychologist
PLT231
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Stress Management
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Stress
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Perceptions
PLT232
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
PLT233
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms

174
PLT240
FAA-H-8083-1 - Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Wing
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Effects of Adverse Balance
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Weight and Balance
PLT242
FAA-H-8083-3 - Airplane Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Principles of Flight Forces Acting on Aircraft
PLT245
FAA-H-8083-13 - Glider Flying Handbook
Aerodynamics Stall / Spins Steep Spiral
PLT263
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Icing
PLT269
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms
PLT272
AC 60-22 - Aeronautical Decision Making
Human Factors ADM Judgment
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Human Behavior Defense Mechanisms
PLT277
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Lights Night-Flight Operations
PLT290
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT291
AC 00-45 - Aviation Weather Services
Weather Aeronautical Weather Forecasts Data Dissemination
PLT295
AC 61-67 - Stall Spin Awareness Training
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Demo stalls
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Planning Instructional Activity Objectives
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Fatigue
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Obstacles to Learning During Flight Instruction
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Transfer
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Instructor Resources
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Fatigue
PLT297
FAA-H-8083-15 - Instrument Flying Handbook
Instrument Procedures Attitude Instrument Flying Unusual Attitude Recovery
PLT306
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Characteristics
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Transfer
PLT307
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Oral Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Memory
PLT308
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Insights
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Motivation
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Perceptions

175
PLT322
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Navigation Radio VOR
PLT330
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT332
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT334
Aeronautical Information Manual
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Spatial Disorientation
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Human Factors Aeromedical Factors Physiological
PLT337
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aircraft Systems Pitot / Static Airspeed Indicator
PLT344
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Meteorology Moisture
PLT372
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Inspections Expiration
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT374
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Responsibilities
PLT384
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pilot in Command Passenger Briefing / Seatbelt Usage
PLT386
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Regulatory Requirement(s)
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
Regulations Student Certificate Issuing Authority
PLT399
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Documentation Operating an Aircraft
PLT404
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Locator Transmitter
PLT405
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Student Pilot Eligibility
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Minimum Equipment List
Regulations Equipment VFR Night Flights
PLT406
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Inoperative
PLT407
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Flight Review Proficiency Check
Regulations Flight Training Previous Foreign Instruction
Regulations Flight Training Towing Gliders
Regulations Knowledge / Practical Test Cheating
Regulations Operating Pressurized Aircraft Training Requirements
Regulations Type Rating Additional Training

176
PLT409
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Eligibility
Regulations Commercial Pilot Logging Flight Time
Regulations Eligibility Flight Time
PLT411
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Certificate Renewal / Duration
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Flight Instructor Limitations
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
Regulations Flight Instructor Training
PLT414
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Operational Procedures Right of Way
PLT415
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 Preflight Action
PLT418
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Student Pilot Logging Training Time
PLT419
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Stall / Spin Proficiency
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Techniques-Flight Instruction Obstacles to Learning During Flight Instruction
Instructional Guidelines Effective Communication Teaching Process
PLT425
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Aircraft Maintenance Documentation
PLT430
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Minimum Safe Altitude Other Than Congested Areas
PLT435
Aeronautical Information Manual
Airport Operations Communications Multicom
PLT437
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Equipment Over Water
PLT438
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pressure Altitude Supplemental Oxygen
PLT442
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Flight Review Currency Requirements
Regulations Pilot in Command Recent Flight Experience
Regulations Private Pilot Currency Requirements
Regulations Type Rating Training Requirements
PLT443
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Flight Review
Regulations Type Rating Training Requirements
PLT445
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Pre-Flight Requirements
PLT447
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Duration of Medical Certificate
Regulations Medical Certificate Validity Period

177
PLT448
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Currency
Regulations FAA Certificates Change of Address
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Expiration
PLT451
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Additional Category Ratings Requirements
Regulations Commercial Pilot Limitations
Regulations Flight Instructor Requirements
Regulations Student Pilot Experience Requirements
PLT457
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Endorsements
Regulations 14CFR Part 61 Fight Instructor Records
Regulations Flight Instructor Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Endorsements
Regulations Student Certificate Limitations
Regulations Student Pilot Endorsements
PLT460
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Student Pilot Solo Requirements
PLT467
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations Flight Altitude VFR
PLT477
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Load Factor Effect of Load Factor on Stalling Speed
PLT480
FAA-H-8083-25 - Pilot`s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Aerodynamics Stability / Control Design Characteristics
PLT481
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Critique / Evaluation Evaluation
Fundamentals of Instructing Critique / Evaluation Instructor as a Critic
Fundamentals of Instructing Effective Communication Developing Communication Skills
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Learning Plateau
Fundamentals of Instructing Planning Instructional Activity Lesson Plans
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
PLT482
14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors
Regulations Eligibility Practical Test
Regulations Flight Instructor Student Evaluation
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Oral Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Oral Quizzing
Instructional Guidelines Critique / Evaluation Test Questions
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Process Assessment
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Process Professionalism
PLT484
14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations
Regulations 14CFR Part 1 Vs

178
PLT487
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Instructional Aids / Training Technologies Teaching Aids
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Characteristics
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Demonstration / Performance
Instructional Guidelines Techniques-Flight Instruction Demonstration / Performance
PLT488
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Group Learning
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Guided Discussion
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Lecture
PLT489
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Teaching Process
PLT490
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Instructional Guidelines Instructor Responsibilities / Professionalism Professionalism
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Learning Theory
Instructional Guidelines Learning Process Motivation
PLT491
49 CFR 1544
Fundamentals of Instructing Learning Process Principles of Learning
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Critique / Evaluation Evaluation
Instructional Guidelines Planning Instructional Activity Blocks of Learning
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Lecture
Instructional Guidelines Teaching Methods Lesson Preparation
PLT505
FAA-H-8083-9 - Aviation Instructor Handbook
Fundamentals of Instructing Teaching Methods Computer-Based Training Method
Instructional Guidelines Instructional Aids / Training Technologies Teaching Aids
PLT508
14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
Regulations 14CFR Part 91 91. 413 ( a )
Regulations Equipment Testing / Inspection
PLT511
AC 00-6 - Aviation Weather
Weather Hazardous Mountain Flying
Weather Meteorology Air Masses

179