Note making
Ryan Intl’ Class XI
Ikshita Silas Birkett
• Overview of Note-Making
• Discuss the importance of taking
and making notes – and the
Session difference between them
• Identify some techniques to take
effective notes in
Outline lectures/tutorials/ from reading.
• Understand why effective notes
are key to academic success.
• ‘ practice’
Outline of Note Making
Note making is an It involves the Notes are usually
important reading identification of main made to record a
skill. idea or Governing speech or dictation
Thought, supported by while listening to it to
relevant data and refer to reproduce in
specific information. the desired way.
While reproducing the Personal comments or
details, the text of the views should not be
notes, the meaning of included while
the draft or the explaining the notes.
speech remains the
same. It should not be
distorted.
Why Note Making is
Important
We can't memorize all that we read. So, we
need to summarize relevant information
Note making helps anyone who wants to
convert a large piece of information into:
• Brief
• Organized
• Summarized
Piece of information which can be
conveniently referred to as and when
required
Why Note Making is Important Contd.
• Knowledge is advancing and expanding
so fast that we have to learn it with the
same speed. Human mind is not a
computing machine to store all the
knowledge imparted.
• Notes therefore are very important for
almost all educated persons, teachers,
lawyers, doctors and students as well.
Essential
Characteristics
of Notes
THEY ARE SHORT:
Essential They are written in key words or phrases and not in sentences. There is no
need to care for grammatical accuracy. They are short, brief and
Characteristics compact, giving complete gist.
COMPLETE INFORMATION:
of Notes contd. The notes should contain all the important points or information. Nothing
important or crucial to the draft or the speech is to be missed. Adjectival
or qualifying phrases or sentences and explanatory parts of the main
points are left out.
USE SHORT FORMS:
To save time and labour popular abbreviations and symbols are used. Own
abbreviations are also coined but they should be clear and intelligible.
LOGICAL:
Notes are in logical and natural order, under relevant headings and sub-
headings for easy and quick reference.
NOTE: Before making notes, read the passage at least thrice. This helps in identifying the main points
and their sub- points and arranging them. If necessary. Note-Making is essentially the skill to put a
great deal of information in a few words in an intelligible form and including all its essential points.
Format
• TITLE
• MAIN POINT
• SUB POINT
• SUB-SUB POINT
• SUB-SUB POINT
• MAIN POINT
• SUB POINT
• SUB POINT
• (use abbreviations, short forms, symbols)
•
• SUGGESTING A TITLE:
Format contd. • To make notes, first read the passage from beginning to end. Try
to find out what the passage deals with‟ or „ what is the author‟s
view‟. This will guide you to suggest the Title. The Title should be
either a word or a short phrase; it should not be a sentence
• FINDING THE MAIN-POINTS:
• Now see how the author has developed the theme and divide the
passage accordingly into main parts. Take care that each part deals
with one main point related to the theme of the passage. Also find a
suitable heading for each part. These will be your main points
• FINDING THE SUB-POINTS:
• The next step is to find details of each main point. Each detail will
make a sub- heading under its main point and there can be further
details of a sub- heading
Remember
• FROM THE MAIN HEADINGS TO THE SUBHEADING, THE NUMBERING SHOULD
BE SPACED A LITTLE TO THE RIGHT
• DO NOT WRITE YOUR NOTES IN COMPLETE SENTENCES.
• USE WORDS OR BRIEF AND CLEAR PHRASES WHICH MAY/ MAY NOT BE
GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT.
• MAKE USE OF ABBREVIATIONS/ SYMBOLS.
• NEVER USE DIAGRAMS IN NOTE MAKING
• AVOID WRITING UNNECESSARY FACTS
• AVOID USING EXAMPLES
• NEVER BEGIN WITH VERB
• DON’T REPEAT ANY INFORMATION
• DON’T USE CONFUSING ABBREVIATIONS
• DON’T ABBREVIATE EVERY WORD , TRY TO USE ONE ABBREVIATION IN ONE
POINT
Questions?
LET US TRY NOW
• Anything printed and bound in book size can be called a book, but the quality or mind Distinguishes the value of it.
• What is a book? This is how Anatole France describes it: “ A series of little printed signs-essentially only that. It is for the
reader to supply himself the forms and the colors and sentiments to which these signs correspond. It will depend on him
whether the book be dull or brilliant, hot with passion and cold as ice. Or if you prefer to put it otherwise, each word in a book is
a magic finger that sets a fibre of our brain vibrating like a harp string and so evokes a note from the sounding board of our soul.
No matter how skillful, how inspired the artist's hand, the sound it makes depends on the quality of the strings within ourselves.”
• Until recently books were the preserve of a small section- the urban upper classes. Some, even today, make it a point to call
themselves intellectuals. It would be a pity if books were meant only for intellectuals and not for housewives, farmers, factory
workers, artisans etc.In India there are first- generation learners, whose parents might have been illiterate. This poses special
challenges to our authors and to those who are entrusted with the task of disseminating knowledge. We need much more
research in the use of language and the development of techniques by which knowledge can be transferred to these people
without transmission loss.
• Publishers should initiate to persuade people that a good book makes a beautiful present and that reading a good book can
be the most relaxing as well as absorbing of pastimes. We should aim at books of quality no less than at quantitative expansion
in production and sale. Unless one is constantly exposed to the best, one cannot develop a taste for the good.
Note making format
Title:- Value of Books
I. value of Bks,- acc. To Anatole France (MAIN HEADING)
1. not merely printed signs ( SUB- HEADING)
2. Reader gives :- ( SUB- HEADING)
(i) Colours (ii) forms (iii) Sentiments
( SUB, SUB- HEADING)
(a) dull or brilliant (b) hot or cold (c) touches soul
II. Bks. Meant for diff. sections
1. intellect 2. housewives 3. farmers 4. factory workers.
III. Books for Ist. gen. learners
1. Challenges for authors 2. teachers 3. publishers
1V. Publishers‟ role
1. to initiate campaigns to persuade people
2. good bks. – a beautiful present
3. reading good bks. – relaxng and absorbing pastime.
4. to produce quality bks.
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS USED:-
Acc- according, Ist- first, bks- books, gen- generation, diff- different, intellect-intellectuals,
relaxng- relaxing.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
Effective speaking depends on effective listening. It takes energy to concentrate on hearing and to concentrate on understand ing what has
been heard. Incompetent listeners fail in a number of ways. First, they may drift. Their attention drifts from what the speak er is saying.
Second, they may counter. They find counter-arguments to whatever a speaker may be saying. Third, they compete. Then, they filter. They
exclude from their understanding those parts of the message which do not readily fit with their own frame of reference. Final ly, they react.
They let personal feelings about the speaker or subject overside the significance of the message which is being sent.
What can a listener do to be more effective. The first key to effective listening is the art of concentration. If a listener positively wishes to
concentrate on receiving a message, his chances of success are high!
It may need determination. Some speakers are difficult to follow either because of voice problems or because of the form in w hich they
send a message. There is then a particular need for the determination of a listener to concentrate on what is being said.
Concentration is helped by alertness. Mental alertness is helped by physical alertness. It is not simply physical fitness but also positioning
of the body, the limbs, and the head. Some people also find it helpful to their concentration if they hold the head slightly to one side. One
useful way for achieving this is intensive notetaking, by trying to capture the critical headings and subheadings the speaker is referring to.
Note-taking has been recommended as an aid to the listener. It also helps the speaker. It gives him confidence when he sees that listeners
are sufficiently interested to take notes, the patterns of eye contact when the note taker looks up can be very positive; and the speaker’s
timing is aided he can see when a note-taker is writing hard and can then make effective use of pauses.
Posture too is important. Consider the impact made by a less competent listener who pushes his chair backward and slouches. A n upright
posture helps a listener’s concentration. At the same time, it is seen by the speaker to be a positive feature amongst his li steners. Effective
listening skills . have an impact on both the listener and the speaker.
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it using headings and subheadings. Use recognizable
abbreviations wherever necessary and also suggest a suitable title.
(b) Write a summary of the passage in not more than 80 words using the notes.
(a) Effective Listening Leads to Effective Speaking
1. Incompetent listening
(a) attention drifts
(b) lis’nr counters arguments and competes
(i) filters msgs
(ii) reacts to the msg
2. How to listen effectively
(a) concentration is needed
(i) alertness helps in concentration
(ii) physical fitness → mental alertness
(b) Note-tkg aids effective listening
(i) lis’nr tries to capture the main pts
(ii) note-tkg helps the spkr too
(c) Determination is needed to
(i) overcome voice and other pecul iarities
(ii) decipher the form of the msg
(d) Posture helps
(i) upright posture of lis’nr helps in concentration
(ii) helps the spkr
3. Conclusion
Effective listening impacts the lis’nr and the spkr
Key to abbreviations:
lis’nr – listener
msg – message
tkg – taking
pts – points
spkr – speaker
(b) Summary:
Good listening can aid the speaker and can lead to good
speaking. Incompetent listeners disturb good speaking by
countering the speaker or by competing with him.
For good listening concentration on receiving the message is
needed. Determination to receive the message, mental alertness,
and good posture help. Taking notes is also an aid to
concentration and good listening.
Good listening helps the speaker through eye contact. An
attentive posture of the listener increases the speaker’s
confidence.
Thank You!
