Lesson: Descriptive Text for Grade 10 (Intermediate

Level)
1. Definition

Descriptive text is a type of text that describes a person, place, thing, or event in detail. The
purpose is to give the reader a clear picture and help them imagine what is being described.

2. Purpose

 To describe a particular person, place, or thing.

 To give details that create a vivid mental image.
 To help readers feel as if they can “see” or “experience” the subject.

3. Generic Structure

1. Identification – introduces the subject (who or what is being described).

2. Description – gives detailed information about the subject (appearance, qualities,
habits, behavior, etc.).

4. Language Features

 Use of adjectives to describe qualities (e.g., beautiful, tall, delicious).

 Use of linking verbs (e.g., is, are, has, have).
 Use of simple present tense (e.g., She has long hair).
 Use of figurative language (e.g., simile, metaphor) for vivid imagery.
 Specific nouns (e.g., Mount Bromo, The Eiffel Tower).
 Sensory details (sight, smell, taste, touch, sound).

5. Example of Descriptive Text

Title: My Favorite Place – Bali Beach

Identification:
Bali Beach is one of the most beautiful places I have ever visited. It is located in Indonesia
and is famous for its stunning sunsets.

Description:
The sand is soft and white, and the water is crystal clear. You can hear the gentle sound of the
waves and feel the fresh breeze on your face. Small cafes line the beach, offering delicious
seafood and fresh coconut drinks. In the evening, the sky turns orange and pink, creating a
magical view. Bali Beach is the perfect place to relax and enjoy nature’s beauty.

6. Tips for Writing Descriptive Text

 Choose a clear subject.

 Use adjectives and adverbs to make descriptions richer.
 Organize your text starting from the general information to the specific details.
  Use sensory language to make the description vivid.

20 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Part A – Comprehension (Based on the Example Text)

1. What is the purpose of the text “Bali Beach”?

a. To explain how to travel to Bali Beach
b. To tell a story about Bali Beach
c. To describe Bali Beach
d. To persuade people to go to Bali Beach
e. To compare Bali Beach with other beaches
Answer: c
2. What is the generic structure of descriptive text?
a. Orientation – Events – Reorientation
b. Identification – Description
c. Thesis – Arguments – Conclusion
d. Goal – Materials – Steps
e. Introduction – Body – Closing
Answer: b
3. In the text, what does “soft and white” describe?
a. The sunset
b. The waves
c. The sand
d. The cafes
e. The drinks
Answer: c
4. The main idea of the description paragraph is:
a. Bali Beach offers seafood
b. Bali Beach has a magical view in the evening
c. Bali Beach has beautiful nature and relaxing atmosphere
d. Bali Beach is located in Indonesia
e. Bali Beach is crowded with tourists
Answer: c
5. Which sense is involved in “hear the gentle sound of the waves”?
a. Sight
b. Hearing
c. Smell
d. Touch
e. Taste
Answer: b

Part B – Language Features

6. Which tense is mostly used in descriptive text?

a. Present Continuous
b. Simple Present
 c. Present Perfect
d. Simple Past
e. Future Simple
Answer: b
7. Which is an example of an adjective?
a. Run
b. Beautiful
c. Slowly
d. Swim
e. Happily
Answer: b
8. “Bali Beach is the perfect place to relax.”
The word “perfect” functions as:
a. Verb
b. Adjective
c. Adverb
d. Noun
e. Conjunction
Answer: b
9. Which of the following is a linking verb?
a. Play
b. Go
c. Is
d. Jump
e. Sing
Answer: c
10. “The water is crystal clear.”
The phrase “crystal clear” means:
a. Very dirty
b. Very clean and transparent
c. Cold and deep
d. Dangerous to swim in
e. Shiny and salty
Answer: b

Part C – Identifying Descriptive Texts

11. Which text below is a descriptive text?

a. A text explaining how to cook fried rice
b. A text describing your best friend’s appearance and personality
c. A text telling your holiday in chronological order
d. A text arguing why students should wear uniforms
e. A text announcing a school competition
Answer: b
12. Which sentence best fits a description of an animal?
a. The tiger hunts its prey at night.
b. The tiger has orange fur with black stripes and sharp teeth.
c. The tiger was seen in the forest last week.
 d. The tiger is in danger of extinction.
e. The tiger is loved by many people.
Answer: b
13. Which is NOT a characteristic of descriptive text?
a. Uses adjectives
b. Uses specific nouns
c. Uses simple present tense
d. Tells events in time order
e. Gives sensory details
Answer: d
14. Which sentence contains sensory detail for “smell”?
a. The roses have soft petals.
b. The roses smell sweet and fresh.
c. The roses are red.
d. The roses grow in the garden.
e. The roses are beautiful.
Answer: b
15. Which one is a figurative expression?
a. The classroom is big and clean.
b. Her smile is as bright as the sun.
c. The door is made of wood.
d. The library has many books.
e. My house is near the park.
Answer: b

Part D – Vocabulary and Grammar in Context

16. The synonym of “delicious” is:

a. Tasty
b. Sour
c. Bitter
d. Salty
e. Spicy
Answer: a
17. “He has a tall, slim body.”
The word “slim” means:
a. Fat
b. Thin in an attractive way
c. Very small
d. Short
e. Strong
Answer: b
18. Which sentence is correct for a descriptive text?
a. She is wearing a red dress yesterday.
b. She wear a red dress every day.
c. She wears a red dress every Sunday.
d. She wearing a red dress now.
 e. She was wearing a red dress yesterday.
Answer: c
19. The antonym of “fresh” in the phrase “fresh breeze” is:
a. Cool
b. Dirty
c. Stale
d. Warm
e. Gentle
Answer: c
20. Which choice is the BEST identification sentence for a descriptive text about
Borobudur Temple?
a. Borobudur Temple is a famous Buddhist temple in Central Java, Indonesia.
b. Borobudur Temple has many stairs.
c. Borobudur Temple is visited by many tourists.
d. Borobudur Temple was built long ago.
e. Borobudur Temple is big.
Answer: a