Experiment 1
Study of Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier with R and RL Load
Objective: To Study the simulation of Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier with R and
RL Load using Simulink.
Software Needed: Matlab R2013a.
Circuit Diagram:
R and RL load
Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier with R and RL Load
Theory: Single-phase half wave controlled rectifier means that the single SCR is used to convert
the ac to dc. During the positive half cycle of the input voltage, thyristor T1 is forward biased
and current flows through the load when the thyristor is fired, at ԝt=α. The thyristor conducts
only when the anode is positive with respect to cathode and a positive gate signal is applied,
otherwise, it remains in the forward blocking state and blocks the flow of the load current. In the
negative half cycle, i.e., at wt =π, the thyristor is in the reverse biased condition and no current
flows through the load. Thus, varying the firing angle at which the thyristor starts conducting in
positive half controls the average dc output voltage cycle. The waveforms of the above circuit
are shown in fig the output load voltage and current is positive, i.e., they are one quadrant; it is
called a half –wave semi converter.
Procedure:
1. Connect the Circuit as shown in circuit diagram.
2. Give the firing angle from pulse generator to generate suitable pulses.
3. Observe output voltage, current and thyristor voltages from the simuink model.
4. From display values note down the average and rms values of voltage and current .
5. Compare theoretical and practical values where both calculated and theoretical values
must be same.
Observation table:
R load:
Firing Vavg(cal) Vavg(sim) Vrms(cal) Vrms(sim) Iavg(cal) Iavg(sim) Irms(cal) Irms(sim)
angle(α)
30 96.60 96.81 160.27 159.2 3.22 3.094 5.342 5.308
60 77.35 77.42 144.9 145.4 2.59 2.582 4.78 4.847
90 51.58 51.68 114.39 114.6 1.69 1.723 3.78 3.821
RL load :
Firing Vavg(cal) Vavg(sim) Vrms(cal) Vrms(sim) Iavg(cal) Iavg(sim) Irms(cal) Irms(sim)
angle(α)
30 89.665 89.48 162.634 162.3 2.988 2.983 4.643 4.683
60 70.74 70.75 148.0 148.1 2.34 2.358 4.024 4.028
90 45.29 45.39 117.56 117.7 1.510 1.513 2.856 2.899
Equations:
R load:
Vm
V0 1 cos
2
1
1
sin 2
2
Vrms Vm
4 2
RL load :
Vm
V0 cos cos
2
1
1 (sin 2 sin 2 2
Vrms Vm
4 2
Theoretical calculations:
α=300 for R load where R=30Ω
V0=
230 2
2
1 cos 30 0 =96.60 v.
V0 96.60
I0= = =3.22 A.
R 30
1
1 sin 2(30) 2
Vrms 230 *1.414 180 30 = 160.27 V.
4 180 2
Vrms 160.27
I rms = =5.342 A.
R 30
α=30 , β=210 , R=30 for RL load
230 2
V0= cos 30 cos 210 =89.665V
2
V0 89.665
I0= = =29.88 A.
R 30
1
1 sin 2(210) sin 2(30) 2
Vrms 230 *1.414 210 30
4 180 2
= 162.634 V
Vrms 162.634
I rms = =5.42 A.
R 30
Experimental Matlab
ab Model and Wavforms
Wavforms:
Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier R load model and waveform for α=30:
α=30
Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier R
Rl load model and waveform for α=30:
α=30
Result: Simulation of Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier with R and RL load is done
successfully and the theoretical and practical results are verified.
Experiment 2
Study of Single Phase semi converter with R and RL Load
Objective: To Study the simulation of Single Phase semi converter with R and RL Load using
Simulink.
Software Needed: Matlab R2013a.
Circuit Diagram:
R and RL load
Single Phase semi converter with R and RL Load
Theory: In this configuration two thyristors are replaced by power diodes and can be connected
in either arm of the bridge. Depending on the connections, these are further classified as
1. Symmetrical
2. Asymmetrical
Symmetrical configuration is in two types
1. Common cathode
2. Common anode
Out of these configurations, the common cathode symmetrical configuration is the most
commonly used configuration, because a single trigger can be used to fire both thyristors without
any electrically isolation. During the positive half cycle, when thyristor T1 is triggered, the load
currents flows through T1 and the diode D2 in the circuit shown in figure. During the negative
half –cycle, the thyristor T2 and the diode D1 constitute the load current.
Procedure:
1. Connect the Circuit as shown in circuit diagram.
2. Give the firing angle from pulse generator to generate suitable pulses.
3. Observe output voltage, current and thyristor voltages from the simuink model.
4. From display values note down the average and rms values of voltage and current .
5. Compare theoretical and practical values where both calculated and theoretical values
must be same.
Observation table:
R load:
Firing Vavg(cal) Vavg(sim) Vrms(cal) Vrms(sim) Iavg(cal) Iavg(sim) Irms(cal) Irms(sim)
angle(α)
30 193.2 191.7 226.63 225.2 6.44 6.396 7.55 7.506
60 156.2 154.2 204 205 5.04 5.147 6.78 6.836
90 105 103 160.6 161.6 3.276 3.342 5.298 5.386
RL load :
Firing Vavg(cal) Vavg(sim) Vrms(cal) Vrms(sim) Iavg(cal) Iavg(sim) Irms(cal) Irms(sim)
angle(α)
30 193.2 191.7 226.63 225.2 6.44 6.391 7.55 7.438
60 156.12 154.2 204 205 5.04 5.4 6.78 6.694
90 104.5 102.7 160.6 161.6 3.276 3.424 5.298 5.178
Equations:
R load:
Vm
V0 1 cos
1
1 sin 2 2
Vrms VS 2
RL load:
Vm
V0 1 cos
1
1 sin 2 2
Vrms VS 2
Theoretical calculations:
α=300 for R load
V0=
230 2
1 cos 30 =193.2 v.
0
1
1 sin 2(30) 2
Vrms 230 180 30 180
2 = 226.66v.
α=30 for RL load
V0=
230 2
1 cos 30 =193.2 v.
0
1
1 sin 2(30) 2
Vrms 230 180 30 180
2 = 226.67v.
Experimental Mat lab Model and Waveforms
Waveforms:
Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier R load model and waveform for α=30:
α=30
Single Phase Half Wave Controlled Rectifier R
Rl load model and waveform for α=30:
α=30
Result: Simulation of Single Phase Semi-Converter with R and RL load is done successfully and
the theoretical and practical results are verified.
Experiment 3
Study of Single Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier with R and RL load
Objective: To Study the simulation of Single Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier with R and RL
Load using Simulink.
Software Needed: Matlab R2013a.
Circuit Diagram:
R and RL load
Single Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier with R and RL load
Theory: A single-phase fully controlled bridge circuit consists of four thyristor as shown in
figure, with a resistive load. During the positive half cycle thyristors T1and T2 are in the
forward blocking state and when these thyristors fire simultaneously at wt =α , the load is
connected to the input through T1 and T2. During negative half cycle i.e., after wt =π , thyristor
T3 and T4 are in the forward blocking state, and simultaneous firing of these thyristors reverse
biases the previously conducting thyristors T1 and T2. These reverse biased thyristors turn off
due to line or natural commutation and the load current transfers from T1and T2 to T3 and T4.
Procedure:
1. Connect the Circuit as shown in circuit diagram.
2. Give the firing angle from pulse generator to generate suitable pulses.
3. Observe output voltage, current and thyristor voltages from the simuink model.
4. From display values note down the average and rms values of voltage and current .
5. Compare theoretical and practical values where both calculated and theoretical values
must be same.
Observation table:
R load:
Firing Vavg(cal) Vavg(sim) Vrms(cal) Vrms(sim) Iavg(cal) Iavg(sim) Irms(cal) Irms(sim)
angle(α)
30 193.2 191.7 226.65 225.1 6.44 6.396 7.55 7.506
60 156.2 154.2 203.9 204.9 5.24 5.147 6.78 6.836
90 104 102.7 160.5 161.5 3.45 3.342 5.28 5.386
RL load :
Firing Vavg(cal) Vavg(sim) Vrms(cal) Vrms(sim) Iavg(cal) Iavg(sim) Irms(cal) Irms(sim)
angle(α)
30 179.33 179.1 228 227.9 5.937 5.97 6.76 6.688
60 141.9 142.4 206.9 207.9 4.67 4.747 5.67 5.789
90 90.63 91.63 164 165 3.033 3.054 4.09 4.192
Equations:
R load:
Vm
V0 1 cos
1
1 sin 2 2
Vrms VS 2
RL load :
Vm
V0 cos cos
1
1 sin 2 sin 2 2
Vrms VS
2
Theoretical calculations:
α=300 for R load
V0=
230 2
1 cos 30 =193.2 v.
0
V0 193.2
I0= = =6.44 A.
R 30
1
1 sin 2(30) 2
Vrms 230 180 30
180 2 = 226.66v.
Vrms 226.66
I rms = =7.666 A.
R 30
Experimental Mat lab Model and Waveforms
Waveforms:
Single Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier R load model and waveform for α=30:
α=30
Single Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier R
RL load model and waveform for α=30:
α=30
Result: Simulation of Single Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier with R and RL load is done
successfully and the theoretical and practical results are verified.
1
3 3 2
Vrms 2 * 400 cos 2(30) 475.56
2 3 2
Experimental Mat lab Model and Waveforms
Waveforms:
Three Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier R load model and waveform :
Three Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier R
Rl load model and waveform:
