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Order of Execution of SQL Query

The document explains the order of execution for SQL queries, detailing the sequence from the FROM clause to the LIMIT clause. It emphasizes the importance of understanding this order for writing efficient queries. A mnemonic is provided to help remember the order of execution: 'Fast weasels gracefully Having, silently over leaves.'

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6 views2 pages

Order of Execution of SQL Query

The document explains the order of execution for SQL queries, detailing the sequence from the FROM clause to the LIMIT clause. It emphasizes the importance of understanding this order for writing efficient queries. A mnemonic is provided to help remember the order of execution: 'Fast weasels gracefully Having, silently over leaves.'

Uploaded by

sunil.bellala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MS SQL DBA Interview Questions and Answers -

Question 6

Q. Explain Order of Execution of SQL Query

SELECT emp_name, SUM(emp_score) AS total_score, AVG(emp_score) AS avg_score


FROM emp
JOIN course ON emp.course_id = course.id
WHERE course_name = 'SQL'
GROUP BY emp_name
HAVING total_score > 60
ORDER BY total_score DESC
LIMIT 5;

Order Clause Function


1 FROM Tables are merged in order to get the base data.
2 WHERE This clause filters the base data.
3 GROUP BY This clause group the filtered base data.
4 HAVING This clause filters the grouped base data.
5 SELECT This clause returns the final data.
6 ORDER BY This clause stored the final data.
7 LIMIT The returned data is limited to row count.

FROM clause:
This is where the query starts. It identifies the tables from which data needs to be retrieved.

JOIN clause:
If there are multiple tables involved, the JOIN clause is used to combine records from these tables
based on specified conditions.

WHERE clause:
The WHERE clause is used to filter records based on specified conditions. Rows that meet the
specified criteria are included in the result set.
GROUP BY clause:

If GROUP BY is present, the result set is then grouped based on the specified columns. Aggregate
functions (like SUM, AVG, COUNT) are often used with GROUP BY to perform calculations within
each group.

HAVING clause:
The HAVING clause is used to filter the groups formed by the GROUP BY clause based on specified
conditions. It is similar to the WHERE clause but operates on groups rather than individual rows.

SELECT clause:
The SELECT clause is used to specify the columns that should appear in the result set. It can include
aggregate functions, column aliases, and expressions.
ORDER BY clause:
If specified, the ORDER BY clause is used to sort the result set based on one or more columns.
Sorting can be done in ascending (ASC) or descending (DESC) order.

LIMIT/OFFSET/ TOP clauses:


The LIMIT and OFFSET clauses (or equivalent, depending on the database system) are used for
pagination or to restrict the number of rows returned. They help in controlling the size of the result
set.

Understanding the order of execution of SQL query clauses is important for writing efficient and
effective queries. By following the correct order, you can ensure that your queries are processed in a
way that minimizes the amount of work the database engine has to do.

To Remember Easily
Fast weasels gracefully Having, silently over leaves

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