Practical No.5: Develop JavaScript to implement strings.
What is String?
String is a collection of characters.
Commonly used method of string object are concatenating two strings, converting
the string to upper case or lower case, finding the substring of a given string.
String written within the single or double quotes.
Manipulating a String:
Manipulating string values is a common developer chore. This ranges from extracting
portions of a string to determining if a string contains a specific character. The
following JavaScript functions provide developers with everything they need:
1. concat() - Combines the text of two or more strings and returns a new string.
2. indexOf() – Returns the starting index of a substring within another string. A –1 is
returned if no match is found.
3. charAt() – Returns the character at the specified location.
4. lastIndexOf() - Returns the index within the string of the last occurrence of the
specified value, or -1 if not found.
5. match() - Used to match a regular expression against a string.
6. substring() – A portion of a string is returned. A starting and ending location are
passed to this function.
7. replace() – Used to find a match between a regular expression and a string, and to
replace the matched substring with a new substring.
8. search() - Executes the search for a match of a regular expression. If successful, search
returns the index of the match inside the string. Otherwise, it returns -1.
9. slice() - Extracts a section of a string and returns a new string.
10. split() - Splits a string into an array of strings by separating the string into substrings.
11. length() – The length of the string is returned as the count of the number of
characters it contains.
12. toLowerCase() – Converts the entire string to lower case.
13. toUpperCase() – Converts the entire string to upper case.
Joining A String:
This method adds two or more strings and returns a new single string.
Syntax: string.concat(string2, string3[, ..., stringN]);
string2...stringN − These are the strings to be concatenated.
Retrieving A Character From Given Position:
charAt() is a method that returns the character from the specified index.
Characters in a string are indexed from left to right. The index of the first character is
0, and the index of the last character in a string, called stringName, is
stringName.length – 1.
Syntax: string.charAt(index);
index − An integer between 0 and 1 less than the length of the string.
Retrieving A Position Of Character In A String:
JavaScript array indexOf() method returns the first index at which a given element
can be found in the array, or -1 if it is not present.
Syntax: string. indexOf(string);
Dividing Text:
This method splits a String object into an array of strings by separating the string
into substrings.
Syntax: string.split([separator][, limit]);
separator − Specifies the character to use for separating the string. If separator is
omitted, the array returned contains one element consisting of the entire string.
limit − Integer specifying a limit on the number of splits to be found.
Copying a Substring (Using of substr):
This method returns the characters in a string beginning at the specified location
through the specified number of characters.
Syntax: string.substr(start[, length]);
start − Location at which to start extracting characters (an integer between 0 and one
less than the length of the string).
length − The number of characters to extract.
Copying a Substring (Using of substring):
This method returns a subset of a String object.
Syntax: string.substring(indexA, [indexB])
indexA − An integer between 0 and one less than the length of the string.
indexB − (optional) An integer between 0 and the length of the string.
Converting String To Number:
Converting string to number we have different types of function based on type of
numbers i.e. string is to be converted to integer by using parseInt( ) method.
If string is to be converted to float value then the method parseFloat().
Converting Number To String:
This method returns a string representing the specified object.
Syntax: string.toString( )
Returns a string representing the specified object.
Changing The Case Of String:
This method returns the calling string value converted to lowercase.
Syntax: string.toLowerCase( )
This method returns the calling string value converted to uppercase.
Syntax: string.toUpperCase( )
Conclusion: We understand that how to implement string using various functions
JavaScript.
JavaScript to implement string.
<html>
<body>
<script>
function func()
{
var s = 'It';
var value = s.concat(' is',' a',' great',' day.');
document.write("String after concat: "+value);
var str = new String( "MVP RSM Polytechnic Nashik.");
document.writeln("<br />String after str.charAt(4) is: " + str.charAt(4));
document.writeln("<br />String after str.charAt(5) is: " + str.charAt(5));
var index = str.indexOf( "Knowledge" );
document.write("<br />String after indexOf : " + index );
var splitted = str.split(" ", 2);
document.write( "<br />String after split : " + splitted );
document.write("<br />String after substr : " + str.substr(0,21));
document.write("<br />String after substring: " + str.substring(0, 20));
document.write("<br />String after toLowerCase: "+str.toLowerCase( ));
document.write("<br />String after toUpperCase: "+str.toUpperCase( ));
}
func();
</script> </body> </html>
Output:
String after concat: It is a great day.
String after str.charAt(4) is: B
String after str.charAt(5) is: h
String after indexOf : 12
