Module 1:- Programming with C

1. Practical 1:-

a. To calculate simple interest taking principal, rate of interest and number of years as input

from user. Write algorithm & draw flowchart for the same.

Algorithm:

Name of Algorithm: To calculate the simple interest.

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Read principal amount as ‘p’, time as ‘t’ and rate of interest as ‘r’

Step 3: SI = p*t*r/100

Step 4: Display SI

Step 5: Stop

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float principal, rate, time, interest;

// Take user input for principal, rate, and time

printf("Enter principal amount: ");

scanf("%f", &principal);

printf("Enter interest rate: ");

scanf("%f", &rate);

printf("Enter time period (in years): ");

scanf("%f", &time);

// Calculate simple interest

interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100;

// Display the result

printf("Simple Interest is: %.2f\n", interest);

return 0;

}
Output:

Enter principal amount: 1000

Enter interest rate: 6

Enter time period (in years): 2

Simple Interest is: 120.00

b. Write a program to find greatest of three numbers using conditional operator. Write

algorithm & draw flowchart for the same.

Algorithm

Step1:

// using nested if-else

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

int c = 10, b = 22, a = 9;

// Finding largest by comparing using relational operators

if (a >= b) {

if (a >= c)

printf("%d is the largest number.", a);

else

printf("%d is the largest number.", c);

else {

if (b >= c)

printf("%d is the largest number.", b);

else

printf("%d is the largest number.", c);

return 0;
}

Output:

The numbers A, B and C are: 10, 22, 9

22 is the largest number.

c. Write a program to check if the year entered is leap year or not. Write algorithm & draw

flowchart for the same.

Algorithm

START

Step 1 → Take integer variable year

Step 2 → Enter the year

Step 3 → Check if year is divisible by 4 but not 100, DISPLAY "leap year"

Step 4 → Check if year is divisible by 400, DISPLAY "leap year"

Step 5 → Otherwise, DISPLAY "not leap year"

Flowchart

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int year;

printf("Enter a year: ");

scanf("%d", &year);

if ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0))

printf("%d is a leap year.\n", year);

Else

printf("%d is not a leap year.\n", year);

return 0;
}

2. Practical 2:-

a. Write a program to calculate roots of a quadratic equation.

Algorithm

Start

Read a, b, c values

Compute d = b2 4ac

if d > 0 then

r1 = b+ sqrt (d)/(2*a)

r2 = b sqrt(d)/(2*a)

Otherwise if d = 0 then

compute r1 = -b/2a, r2=-b/2a

print r1,r2 values

Otherwise if d < 0 then print roots are imaginary

Stop

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

int main()

float a, b, c, r1, r2, d;

printf("Enter the values of a b c: ");

scanf(" %f %f %f", & a, & b, & c);

d = b * b - 4 * a * c;

if (d > 0) { r1 = -b + sqrt(d) / (2 * a);

r2 = -b - sqrt(d) / (2 * a);

printf("The real roots = %f %f", r1, r2);

else if (d == 0) { r1 = -b / (2 * a); r2 = -b / (2 * a);

printf("Roots are equal =%f %f", r1, r2);

Else

printf("Roots are imaginary");

return 0;

Output:

Case 1:

Enter the values of a b c: 1 4 3

The real roots = -3.000000 -5.000000

Case 2:

Enter the values of a b c: 1 2 1

Roots are equal =-1.000000 -1.000000

Case 3:

Enter the values of a b c: 1 1 4

Roots are imaginary

b. Write a menu driven program using switch case to perform add / subtract / multiply /

divide based on the users choice.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

int main()

int a,b;

int op;

printf(" 1.Addition\n 2.Subtraction\n 3.Multiplication\n 4.Division\n");

printf("Enter the values of a & b: ");

scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);

printf("Enter your Choice : ");

scanf("%d",&op);

switch(op)

case 1 :

printf("Sum of %d and %d is : %d",a,b,a+b);

break;

case 2 :

printf("Difference of %d and %d is : %d",a,b,a-b);

break;

case 3 :

printf("Multiplication of %d and %d is : %d",a,b,a*b);

break;

case 4 :

printf("Division of Two Numbers is %d : ",a/b);

break;

default :

printf(" Enter Your Correct Choice.");

break;

return 0;

Output:

1.Addition

2.Subtraction

3.Multiplication

4.Division

Enter the values of a & b: 20 15

Enter your Choice : 1

Sum of 20 and 15 is : 35

c. Write a program to print the pattern of asterisks

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

int rows = 5;

// This loop to print all rows

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

// Inner loop 1 to print

// white spaces for each row

for (int j = 0; j < 2 * (rows - i) - 1; j++) {

printf(" ");

// Inner loop 2 to print star

// (*) character for each row

for (int k = 0; k < 2 * i + 1; k++) {

printf("* ");

printf("\n");

return 0;

Output:

***

*****

*******

*********
3. Practical 3

a. Write a program using while loop to reverse the digits of a number

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int num, reversedNum = 0, remainder;

// Prompt the user to enter a number

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

// Reverse the number using a while loop

while (num != 0) {

remainder = num % 10;

reversedNum = reversedNum * 10 + remainder;

num /= 10; }

// Print the reversed number

printf("Reversed number: %d\n", reversedNum);

return 0;

Output:

Enter a number: 2345

Reversed number = 5432

. b. Write a program to calculate the factorial of a given number.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int n, i;

unsigned long long fact = 1;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

// shows error if the user enters a negative integer

if (n < 0)

printf("Error! Factorial of a negative number doesn't exist.");

else {

for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {

fact *= i;

printf("Factorial of %d = %llu", n, fact);

return 0;

Output:

Enter an integer: 10

Factorial of 10 = 3628800

c. Write a program to print the Fibonacci series.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int i, n;

// initialize first and second terms

int t1 = 0, t2 = 1;

// initialize the next term (3rd term)

int nextTerm = t1 + t2;

// get no. of terms from user

printf("Enter the number of terms: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

// print the first two terms t1 and t2

printf("Fibonacci Series: %d, %d, ", t1, t2);

// print 3rd to nth terms

for (i = 3; i <= n; ++i) {

printf("%d, ", nextTerm);

t1 = t2;

t2 = nextTerm;

nextTerm = t1 + t2;

return 0;

Output:

Enter the number of terms: 10

Fibonacci Series: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34,

4. Practical 4

a. Write a program to print area of square using function.

#include <stdio.h>

// Function to calculate the area of a square

// It takes one argument: 'side' (the length of a side of the square)

// It returns the calculated area as a float

float calculateAreaOfSquare(float side) {

float area = side * side;

return area;

int main()

float sideLength;

float areaResult;

printf("Enter the length of the side of the square: ");

scanf("%f", &sideLength);

areaResult = calculateAreaOfSquare(sideLength);

printf("The area of the square with side length %.2f is: %.2f\n", sideLength,
areaResult);

return 0;

Output:

b. Write a program using recursive function

#include <stdio.h>

int sum(int k);

int main() {

int result = sum(10);

printf("%d", result);

return 0;

int sum(int k) {

if (k > 0) {

return k + sum(k - 1);

} else {

return 0;

Output:

55

c. Write a program to square root, abs() value using function.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

#include <stdlib.h> //

int main() {

int integer_input;

double double_input;

printf("Enter an integer number: ");

scanf("%d", &integer_input);

int absolute_value = abs(integer_input);

printf("Absolute value of %d is: %d\n", integer_input, absolute_value);

printf("Enter a non-negative number (double): ");

scanf("%lf", &double_input);

if (double_input >= 0) {

double square_root_value = sqrt(double_input);

printf("Square root of %.2lf is: %.4lf\n", double_input, square_root_value);

} else {

printf("Cannot calculate square root of a negative number.\n");

return 0;

Output:

d. Write a program using goto statement .

#include <stdio.h>

int main ()

int i = 11;

if (i % 2 == 0)

EVEN:

printf("The number is even \n");

goto END;

Else

ODD:
printf("The number is odd \n");

END:

printf("End of program");

return 0;

Output:

The number is odd

End of program

5. Practical 5

a. Write a program to print rollno and names of 10 students using array.

#include <stdio.h>

struct student {

char firstName[50];

int roll;

} s[10];

int main() {

int i;

printf("Enter information of students:\n");

// storing information

for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {

s[i].roll = i + 1;

printf("\nFor roll number%d,\n", s[i].roll);

printf("Enter first name: ");

scanf("%s", s[i].firstName);

}
 printf("Displaying Information:\n\n");

// displaying information

for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {

printf("\nRoll number: %d\n", i + 1);

printf("First name: ");

puts(s[i].firstName);

return 0;

Output:

Enter information of students:

For roll number1,

Enter first name:

For roll number2,

Enter first name:

For roll number3,

Enter first name:

b. Write a program to sort the elements of array in ascending or descending order

#include <stdio.h>

void main (){

int num[20];

int i, j, a, n;

printf("Enter number of elements in an array");

scanf("%d", &n);
 printf("Enter the elements");

for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)

scanf("%d", &num[i]);

for (i = 0; i < n; ++i){

for (j = i + 1; j < n; ++j){

if (num[i] > num[j]){

a = num[i];

num[i] = num[j];

num[j] = a;

printf("The numbers in ascending order is:");

for (i = 0; i < n; ++i){

printf("%d", num[i]);

Enter number of elements in an array

Enter the elements

12

23

89

11

22

The numbers in ascending order is:

11

12

22

23
89

6. Practical 6

a. Write a program to extract the portion of a character string and print the extracted part.

b. Write a program to find the given string is palindrome or not.

c. Write a program to using strlen(), strcmp() function .

7. Practical 7

Write a program to swap two numbers using a function. Pass the values to be swapped to

this function using call-by-value method and call-byreference method.

8. Practical 8 a. Write a program to read a matrix of size m*n.

b. Write a program to multiply two matrices using a function.

9. Practical 9 Write a program to print the structure using Title Author Subject Book ID Print

the details of two students.

10. Practical 10

Create a mini project on “Bank management system”. The program should be menu driven.