■ Java Practice Book – Week 1 (Expanded)
Topic: Variables & Data Types
Variables are used to store data. In Java, every variable must have a type (int, double, char,
boolean, etc.).
■ Types of Variables:
- Local Variable: declared inside a method
- Instance Variable: declared inside class but outside methods
- Static Variable: declared with 'static' keyword
■ Common Data Types:
- int: stores integers (e.g., 10, -20)
- double: stores decimals (e.g., 3.14, 9.81)
- char: stores single character (e.g., 'A', 'z')
- boolean: true or false
- String: sequence of characters (object, not primitive)
■ Practice Questions and Solutions
Q1. Swap two numbers using a temporary variable.
class SwapTemp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=10,b=20,temp;
temp=a; a=b; b=temp;
System.out.println("a="+a+" b="+b);
}
}
Q2. Swap two numbers without using a third variable.
class SwapNoTemp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=5,b=7;
a=a+b; b=a-b; a=a-b;
System.out.println("a="+a+" b="+b);
}
}
Q3. Find the largest of three numbers.
class LargestOfThree {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=10,b=25,c=15;
int largest=(a>b)? (a>c?a:c):(b>c?b:c);
System.out.println("Largest="+largest);
}
}
Q4. Check whether a number is even or odd.
class EvenOdd {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n=7;
if(n%2==0) System.out.println("Even");
else System.out.println("Odd");
}
}
Q5. Calculate area and circumference of a circle.
class Circle {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double r=5;
double area=3.14*r*r;
double circ=2*3.14*r;
System.out.println("Area="+area+" Circumference="+circ);
}
}
Q6. Convert temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit.
class TempConvert {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double c=37;
double f=(c*9/5)+32;
System.out.println("Fahrenheit="+f);
}
}
Q7. Find simple interest given P, R, T.
class SimpleInterest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double p=1000,r=5,t=2;
double si=(p*r*t)/100;
System.out.println("Simple Interest="+si);
}
}
Q8. Check whether a year is leap year or not.
class LeapYear {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int year=2024;
if((year%400==0)||(year%4==0 && year%100!=0))
System.out.println("Leap Year");
else
System.out.println("Not Leap Year");
}
}
Q9. Calculate average of five numbers.
class Average {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=1,b=2,c=3,d=4,e=5;
double avg=(a+b+c+d+e)/5.0;
System.out.println("Average="+avg);
}
}
Q10. Check whether a number is positive, negative or zero.
class PositiveNegative {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n=0;
if(n>0) System.out.println("Positive");
else if(n<0) System.out.println("Negative");
else System.out.println("Zero");
}
}
Q11. Convert minutes into hours and minutes.
class MinToHour {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int min=130;
int hr=min/60;
int m=min%60;
System.out.println(hr+" Hours "+m+" Minutes");
}
}
Q12. Calculate perimeter of rectangle given length and width.
class RectanglePerimeter {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int l=10,w=5;
int peri=2*(l+w);
System.out.println("Perimeter="+peri);
}
}
Q13. Convert days into years, weeks and days.
class DaysConvert {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int days=370;
int years=days/365;
days%=365;
int weeks=days/7;
int d=days%7;
System.out.println(years+" Years "+weeks+" Weeks "+d+" Days");
}
}
Q14. Find ASCII value of a character.
class AsciiValue {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char c='A';
int val=c;
System.out.println("ASCII="+val);
}
}
Q15. Check whether a character is vowel or consonant.
class VowelConsonant {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char c='e';
if("aeiouAEIOU".indexOf(c)!=-1)
System.out.println("Vowel");
else
System.out.println("Consonant");
}
}
Q16. Find square and cube of a number.
class SquareCube {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n=4;
System.out.println("Square="+(n*n)+" Cube="+(n*n*n));
}
}
Q17. Find sum of digits of a number.
class DigitSum {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n=123, sum=0;
while(n!=0){ sum+=n%10; n/=10; }
System.out.println("Sum="+sum);
}
}
Q18. Reverse a 3-digit number.
class ReverseNum {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n=123, rev=0;
while(n!=0){ rev=rev*10+n%10; n/=10; }
System.out.println("Reverse="+rev);
}
}
Q19. Convert given seconds into hours, minutes and seconds.
class SecConvert {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int sec=3670;
int hr=sec/3600;
sec%=3600;
int min=sec/60;
int s=sec%60;
System.out.println(hr+":"+min+":"+s);
}
}
Q20. Calculate compound interest given P, R, T.
class CompoundInterest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double p=1000,r=5,t=2;
double ci=p*Math.pow((1+r/100),t)-p;
System.out.println("Compound Interest="+ci);
}
}
■ Mini Project: Unit Converter
Description: Create a program that converts between units (km to miles, Celsius to Fahrenheit, etc.)
import java.util.Scanner;
class UnitConverter {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("1.Km to Miles 2.Celsius to Fahrenheit 3.Minutes to Hours");
int choice=sc.nextInt();
switch(choice){
case 1: System.out.print("Enter Km: ");
double km=sc.nextDouble();
System.out.println("Miles="+(km*0.621371));
break;
case 2: System.out.print("Enter Celsius: ");
double c=sc.nextDouble();
System.out.println("Fahrenheit="+((c*9/5)+32));
break;
case 3: System.out.print("Enter Minutes: ");
int m=sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("Hours="+(m/60)+" Min="+(m%60));
break;
default: System.out.println("Invalid choice");
}
}
}
