Parallel Database Systems
PARALLEL DATABASE
Technical Seminar Presentation
SYSTEMS
Under the guidance of :
Mr. Anisur Rahman
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 1
Parallel Database Systems
INTRODUCTION
Technical Seminar Presentation
A parallel database system (PDBS) is a
DBMS implemented on a parallel computer
which is made of a number of nodes
(processors and memories) connected by a fast
network within a cabinet.
It strives to exploit modern multiprocessor
architectures using software-oriented solutions
for data management.
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 2
Parallel Database Systems
OBJECTIVE
Technical Seminar Presentation
Problems of conventional DBMS
- high disk access time.
- very large databases cant be supported
within a single system.
PDBS is the only viable solution for increasing
the I/O bandwidth through parallelism & for
storing huge databases in a single system.
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Parallel Database Systems
ADVANTAGES OF PDBS
Technical Seminar Presentation
High Performance – Increased throughput
(inter-query parallelism) & decreased
response time (intra-query parallelism).
High Availability – Using data replication.
Extensibility – Linear scaleup and Linear
speedup.
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Parallel Database Systems
PARALLEL DBMS ARCHITECTURE
Shared Memory
Technical Seminar Presentation
Advantages – Simplicity, Load Balancing.
Problems – Cost, Limited Extensibility, Low
Availability.
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Parallel Database Systems
Shared Disk
Advantages – Cost, Extensibility, Load Balancing,
Technical Seminar Presentation
Availability.
Problems – Higher Complexity, Potential Coherence
Problems.
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Parallel Database Systems
Shared Nothing
Advantages – Cost, Extensibility, Availability.
Technical Seminar Presentation
Problems – Complex, Addition of new nodes requires
reorganizing the database.
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Parallel Database Systems
PARALLEL DBMS TECHNIQUES
DATA ALLOCATION – Methods that spread the
Technical Seminar Presentation
database across the system’s disks to ensure efficient
parallel I/O.
Partitioning (Fragmentation) – 3 strategies
# Round Robin – i th tuple to partition (i mod n)
for n partitions.
# Hashing – Apply hash function to some
attribute to give partition no.
# Range Partitioning – Distribute tuples based
on value(ranges) of some attribute.
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Parallel Database Systems
el
USES OF DATA FRAGMENTATION
Maximize system performance.
Technical Seminar Presentation
Minimize response time (through intra-query
parallelism).
Maximize throughput (through inter-query
parallelism).
Problems: Skewed data distributions lead to
non-uniform partitioning & hurt load
balancing.
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Parallel Database Systems
QUERY PARALLELISM
Inter query parallelism – parallel execution of
Technical Seminar Presentation
multiple queries generated by concurrent transactions.
Intra query parallelism – Two kinds:
#Inter-operator – Executing several operators of
the query tree on several processors in parallel.
#Intra-operator – Same operator is executed by
many processors, each one working on a subset of the
data.
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Parallel Database Systems
PARALLEL ALGORITHMS
Technical Seminar Presentation
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 11
Parallel Database Systems
Technical Seminar Presentation
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 12
Parallel Database Systems
Technical Seminar Presentation
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 13
Parallel Database Systems
PARALLEL JOIN EXAMPLE
Insert into C
Technical Seminar Presentation
Select *
from A , B
where A.x = B.y ;
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Parallel Database Systems
Technical Seminar Presentation
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Parallel Database Systems
CONCLUSION
Technical Seminar Presentation
The availability of fast microprocessors &
small inexpensive disks is an ideal platform
for parallel database systems.
Employing data partitioning, intra-operator
parallelism etc., converting an existing
DBMS into a highly parallel one is
relatively straightforward.
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 16
Technical Seminar Presentation
ational Institute of Science & Technology
AMRITA MISHRA
Parallel Database Systems
THANK YOU!!!
CS200198086
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