PROBLEM-BASED AND
PROJECT-BASED LEARNING
NATURE OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING
Problem-based learning is an approach that involves a
process of inquiry and solving open-ended questions
that serve as the main problem that the learners will
work on. The type of questions posited is focused on a
specific content standard and its application to real-
life issues. It also requires more than one solution or
answer.
Learners are engaged in collaborative task as they
work towards the solution to the problem. This
learning activity is done in small groups with each
member assigned a certain task to accomplish. In the
process of engaging in PBL, they learn several skills
such as problem-solving, communicating, research,
among others which are essential in the workplace.
The end goal of PBL is to ensure that the target
learning competencies are achieved in the process.
Ali (2019) proposed five principles of PBL that can be
considered by teachers in planning:
1. Independent and self-directed learning.
2. Learning happens in a group and teacher is a facilitator.
3. All groups have participate equally.
4. Students’ learn about motivation, teamwork, problem
solving and engagement with the task.
5. Materials such as data, photographs, articles, can be
used to solve the problem.
Lo (2009) proposed a six-stage process that was used in
adoption of the online PBL:
1. Identifying the problem
2. Brainstorming
3. Collecting and analyzing information
4. Synthesizing information
5. Co-building knowledge
6. Refining the outcomes
NATURE OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING
Project-based learning is an approach but has evolved
as a teaching method that engages learners in a series
of planned tasks resulting to the generation of
solutions to real-world problems. It is a student-
centered approach as it takes into account the realm of
experiences and interest of students.
This method is based on John Dewey’s principles of
learning by doing and Vygotsky’s constructivist
theory of learning that advocates social construction
of knowledge. It works collaboratively with PBL
where learners work on an authentic task guided by an
open-ended question. Each member has an assigned
role that will contribute to the solution of the problem
that was identified which reflects the real issues in
their community or the world at large.
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Questions?
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