HTML Introduction
HTML is the standard markup language for
creating Web pages.
By walujjo
stephen
What is HTML?
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web
pages
HTML describes the structure of a Web page
HTML consists of a series of elements
HTML elements tell the browser how to display the
content
• HTML elements label pieces of content such as "this is a
heading", "this is a paragraph", "this is a link", etc
Example Explained
•The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines that this document is an
HTML5 document
•The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
•The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML
page
•The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is
shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
•The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a
container for all the visible contents, such as headings,
paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
•The <h1> element defines a large heading
•The <p> element defines a paragraph
A Simple HTML Document
•<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
Example Explained
The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines that this document is an HTML5
document
The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is
shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container
for all the visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images,
hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
The <h1> element defines a large heading
The <p> element defines a paragraph
The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration
•The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and
helps browsers to display web pages correctly.
•It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any
HTML tags).
•The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not case sensitive.
•The <!DOCTYPE> declaration for HTML5 is:<!DOCTYPE html>
An HTML Element
•An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content,
and an end tag:
•<tagname> Content goes here... </tagname>
•The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the
end tag:
•<h1>My First Heading</h1>
•<p>My first paragraph.</p>
HTML Element cont…
Start tag Element content End tag
<h1> My First Heading </h1>
<p> My first paragraph. </p>
<br> none none
Note: Some HTML elements have no content (like the <br> element). These
elements are called empty elements. Empty elements do not have an end tag!
Web Browsers (rem)
•The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, Edge, Firefox,
Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them
correctly.
•A browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses
them to determine how to display the document:
HTML Page Structure
Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:
•<html>
•<head>
•<title>Page title</title>
•</head>
•<body>
•<h1>This is a heading</h1>
•<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
•<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
•</body>
•</html>
•Note: The content inside the <body> section (the white area
above) will be displayed in a browser. The content inside the
<title> element will be shown in the browser's title bar or in
the page's tab.
