1) Self-awareness: concept, the importance of self-

awareness, skills to become self-aware and benefits

of self-awareness in real life.
2) Empathy: Need for empathy, the importance of
empathy in building relationships, and benefits of
empathy in real life.
3) Problem-solving: Steps of problem solving, using
problem solving skill in solving real life problems
 Module 2
Self-awareness, Empathy,
and Problem solving

By
NISAR VP
Assistant prof
Dept of Psychology
Mankada Govt College
Self-awareness:
Concept,
Importance Of Self-awareness

By
NISAR VP
Assistant prof
Dept of Psychology
Mankada Govt College
 • The ability to recognize one's own
Self Awareness- emotions, thoughts, values,
motivation, strengths, and
Concept & Meaning weaknesses.
• Self-awareness involves being aware
of different aspects of the self
including traits, behaviors, and
feelings.
• It is a psychological state in which one
becomes the focus of attention.
• Self-awareness is one of the first
components of the self-concept to
emerge
• Self-awareness is the ability to see
yourself clearly and objectively
through reflection and introspection.
 • Self-awareness is observed by how
Development of children respond to their own
self-awareness reflection in a mirror- mirror test
• A more complex sense of the
awareness of the self begins to
emerge at around one year of age
and becomes much more developed
by approx 18 months.
• Stranger anxiety - usually
starts around 8 to 9 months of age
and passes by around 2 years
Brain and self- • Anterior cingulate cortex located in
awareness the frontal lobe region plays an
important role in developing self-
awareness
 Two Types
of Self-
Awareness

Public Self- Private Self-

Awareness Awareness
1. Public Self-Awareness- • Emerges when people are aware of
how they appear to others.
• Public self-awareness often emerges
in situations when people are at the
center of attention, such as when
giving a presentation or talking to a
group of friends
• This type of self-awareness often
compels people to adhere to social
norms.
• When we know that we are being
watched and evaluated, we usually
try to behave in socially acceptable
and desirable ways.
2. Private Self- • This typically happens when
Awareness people become aware of some
aspects of themselves, but only
in a private way.
• For example, seeing your face in
the mirror is a type of private
self-awareness.
Aspects of self-  Emotional Self-Awareness
 Behavioral Self-Awareness
awareness
Thought (Cognitive) Awareness
 Physical Awareness
 Social Awareness
 Cultural Awareness
 Moral Awareness
 Awareness about Locus of Control
 Awareness of Personality Types
 Awareness of Your Social
Competency
 Self-Concept
 Self-Esteem
Importance of 1. Helps Increase Emotional Intelligence: Self-
self-awareness awareness is foundational to emotional
intelligence, enabling us to recognize our
own emotions and understand how they
influence our thoughts and behaviors.
2. Helps Build Better Relationships: Being self-
aware allows us to understand how our
behaviors affect others, fostering more
meaningful and effective interactions.
3. Decreases Stress and Increases Happiness:
By being more attuned to our emotions and
thoughts, we can manage stress more
effectively, leading to greater life
satisfaction and emotional well-being.
Importance of 4. Gives Greater Ability to Regulate Emotions
and Negative Thoughts: Self-awareness
self-awareness provides the tools to identify and control
negative emotions and thoughts, reducing
impulsive reactions and improving mental
resilience.
5. Empowers Us to Influence Outcomes:
Understanding ourselves enables us to take
proactive steps, making better decisions that
influence our success in personal and
professional endeavors.
6. Enhances Decision-Making Abilities: By being
aware of our strengths, weaknesses, and
motivations, we are better equipped to make
decisions that align with our values and long-
term goals..
 7. Builds Self-Confidence: Self-awareness gives us
a clearer understanding of our capabilities,
Importance of boosting self-confidence and fostering
self-awareness personal growth.
8. Enables Multiple Perspectives: By recognizing
our biases and assumptions, self-awareness
allows us to see situations from various angles,
improving empathy and understanding.
9. Frees Us from Assumptions and Biases: It helps
identify and challenge unconscious beliefs,
allowing for more objective thinking and open-
mindedness.
10. Improves Physical and Mental Health: Self-
awareness promotes better lifestyle choices
and coping strategies, leading to enhanced
physical and mental well-being, and greater
performance under pressure.
Thank you
Skills To Become Self-Awareness

By
NISAR VP
Assistant prof
Dept of Psychology
Mankada Govt College
 • Mindfulness involves being fully present in
the moment and observing your thoughts,
1. Mindfulness feelings, and environment without
judgment. Meditation is a practice that
and Meditation promotes mindfulness by training the mind
to focus and calm down.
• How to Practice: Engage in mindfulness
exercises like deep breathing or body scans,
focusing on each part of your body and its
sensations. Meditation can include focusing
on your breath, a sound, or a mantra.
• Benefit: By staying present, mindfulness
helps you observe your emotions and
thoughts more clearly, which improves
emotional regulation and reduces stress. It
also fosters a non-judgmental awareness of
how you feel and react in different
situations.
 • Journaling is regularly writing down
2. Journaling your thoughts, feelings, and
experiences. Self-reflection is critically
and Self- evaluating your behavior, thoughts, and
Reflection emotions to learn more about yourself.
• How to Practice: Dedicate time each day
or week to writing in a journal. Reflect
on key moments, such as challenges or
successes, and write about how you felt,
how you responded, and what you can
learn from those situations.
• Benefit: Journaling allows you to track
patterns in your emotions and behavior
over time. Self-reflection helps to clarify
your thoughts and understand why you
react in certain ways, giving you insight
into your triggers and habits
 • Feedback is information from others
about how they perceive your behavior,
3. Seeking actions, and communication style. It
Feedback provides an external perspective that
from Others complements your self-perception.
• How to Practice: Ask trusted colleagues,
friends, or family members to share
honest feedback on how they see you.
Ask specific questions about areas you
want to improve (e.g., how you handle
stress, communicate, or work in teams).
• Benefit: Feedback reveals blind spots
and helps you see yourself as others do.
It provides valuable insight into
behaviors or habits you may not notice
on your own, which can guide personal
development and improve relationships
 • Active listening is the practice of fully
concentrating on what someone is saying,
4. Practice understanding their message, and
responding thoughtfully. It’s an essential
Active Listening skill for building better relationships and
increasing awareness of social dynamics.
• How to Practice: When engaging in
conversations, avoid interrupting or
thinking about your response while the
other person is talking. Focus entirely on
their words, tone, and body language, and
summarize or ask questions to clarify your
understanding.
• Benefit: Active listening improves your
ability to understand others and enhances
communication. It also makes you more
aware of how you interact with people and
how your responses affect them.
 • Emotion tracking involves identifying
5. Track Your and naming your emotions throughout
Emotions the day, helping you understand how
they fluctuate and what triggers them.
• How to Practice: Pause periodically
throughout your day and ask yourself
how you're feeling. Write down your
emotions, the situation, and any
associated thoughts. Over time, this will
help you identify emotional patterns.
• Benefit: Tracking your emotions
enhances emotional intelligence and
helps you recognize recurring emotional
triggers. By understanding your
emotional responses, you can better
manage and regulate them.
6. Assess Your • This skill involves regularly evaluating what
Strengths and you are good at (strengths) and where you
need improvement (weaknesses).
Weaknesses Understanding these aspects of yourself
allows for targeted self-development.
• How to Practice: Take personality
assessments or reflect on your recent
achievements and challenges. List your
strengths and weaknesses in areas like
communication, leadership, emotional
regulation, or work performance.
• Benefit: Knowing your strengths helps you
capitalize on them while understanding
your weaknesses enables you to work on
them or seek support. This leads to more
effective personal growth and decision-
making..
7. Set Personal Goals
and Monitor • Goal-setting involves defining specific,
Progress measurable objectives for personal or
professional growth, while monitoring
progress ensures that you stay on track.
• How to Practice: Set clear, achievable
goals for yourself based on your values
and aspirations. Regularly check in on
your progress, adjust your approach if
needed, and celebrate small successes.
• Benefit: Goal-setting helps you stay
focused on what’s important, providing
direction in your self-awareness
journey. Monitoring your progress also
helps you see areas for improvement
and recognize personal growth
8. Pause Before
• Pausing before reacting involves taking a
Reacting moment to reflect on your emotions and
thoughts before responding to
situations, especially those that trigger
strong emotional reactions.
• How to Practice: When faced with a
challenging situation, consciously take a
deep breath and allow yourself time to
consider your response. Ask yourself
how your reaction will affect the
outcome.
• Benefit: This pause allows you to
respond more thoughtfully rather than
impulsively, improving your emotional
control and enhancing your relationships
by reducing conflict.
 9. Identify and • Cognitive biases are automatic, flawed
Challenge thinking patterns that influence our
perceptions and decisions. Challenging
Cognitive Biases these biases is key to developing a more
balanced and realistic view of yourself and
the world.
• How to Practice: Pay attention to your
automatic thoughts, especially in situations
of stress or conflict. Identify biases like
overgeneralization, black-and-white
thinking, or confirmation bias, and
challenge them with evidence-based
reasoning.
• Benefit: By overcoming biased thinking,
you develop more objective self-
awareness, make better decisions, and
improve your ability to see situations
clearly.
10. Regularly Evaluate • This involves reflecting on your core
Your Values and Beliefs beliefs and values to ensure they align
with your actions and decisions. It helps
clarify your personal identity and guide
your life choices.
• How to Practice: Periodically review your
values (e.g., integrity, kindness,
independence) and assess whether your
recent behaviors reflect them. Ask
yourself if there are values you need to
prioritize more in your daily life.
• Benefit: Aligning your actions with your
values promotes integrity and personal
fulfillment. It also helps you make more
meaningful decisions that resonate with
your authentic self.
Thank you
Benefits of self-awareness in real life
• Improved Emotional Regulation
• Better Decision-Making
• Enhanced Relationships
• Improved Work Performance and career growth
• Becoming more self-aware can be quite enlightening/self-actualizing.
• Self-awareness can open your mind to new perspectives
• Self-awareness Boosting Self-Esteem
• Self-awareness can help you look at yourself objectively
• Self-awareness can help you know your strengths and weaknesses
• Self-awareness can help you set intentions
Video/Short film
• Identity
Empathy
Need For Empathy,
Importance Of Empathy In
Building Relationships,
Benefits Of Empathy In Real Life
 Meaning of Empathy
• Experience of understanding another person's thoughts, feelings,
and condition from his or her point of view, rather than from
one's own
• Empathy facilitates prosocial or helping behaviors that come from
within, rather than being forced, so that people behave in a more
compassionate manner.
• It is the ability to emotionally understand what another person is
experiencing.
• Essentially, it is putting yourself in someone else's position and
feeling what they must be feeling
Characteristics of empathetic
person
• Active Listening • Strong Interpersonal
• Non-Judgmental Attitude Relationships
• Open-Mindedness • Emotionally Available
• Emotional Intelligence • Awareness of Non-Verbal
Cues
• Ability to Feel and Share
Emotions • Respect for Others' Feelings
• Compassionate and • Trustworthy and Reliable
Supportive
 Three types of empathy
• Affective empathy (emotional empathy) involves understanding another
person's emotions and responding appropriately. it may lead to feelings of
personal distress
• Somatic empathy(compassionate empathy), involves having a physical
reaction in response to what someone else is experiencing.
• People sometimes physically experience what another person is feeling.
When you see someone else feeling embarrassed, for example, you might
start to blush or have an upset stomach.
• Cognitive empathy- involves being able to understand another person's
mental state and what they might be thinking in response to the situation.
• This is related to what psychologists refer to as the theory of mind, or
thinking about what other people are thinking.
 Importance of Empathy in
Relationships
• Healthy relationship requires many qualities in order to blossom
and grow
• Respect and trust are critical in providing a solid foundation in a
relationship, but empathy is essential in forming that deeper
connection between you and your significant other
• Study shows that the perception of feeling understood, or being
shown empathy, is a key component of satisfaction in romantic
partnerships.
 Importance of Empathy in
Relationships
• Ability to distinguish and label the feelings of others: we must be able to
read and recognize how our partner feels in a given situation.
• Ability to take on others’ perspectives- everyone has a different
perspective, and long-term relationships allow us to see how our partner
may respond to different situations.
• Emotional capacity and responsiveness: essentially, we must be able to
emotionally connect with our partners and react quickly and positively. To
actually feel what they are feeling, and share their pain or happiness.
 Benefits of Empathy
• Empathy allows people to build social connections with others
• Empathizing with others helps you learn to regulate your own emotions
• Fosters good, pleasurable and positive feelings
• way of being in life and the world
• Fosters emotional and physical health and well-being via connection, care, inclusion,
community, etc.
• Heals painful psychological problems
• Healing negative/painful feelings
• Source of creativity, innovation and transformative action
• Gateway to, and supports, socially desirable values
• Expands our perspectives
• Helps us find and meet our needs, values and aspirations
• Increases helping and altruism behavior
 Problem-solving: Steps of
problem-solving, using problem-
solving skills in solving real-life
problems
Problem-solving
• Ability to solve problems is a basic life skill and is essential to
our day-to-day lives, at home, at school, and at work.
• Logical way of looking at things with a clear head is called
problem-solving.
• Efforts to develop or choose among various responses in
order to attain desired goals. It is the active efforts to discover
what must be done to achieve a goal that is not readily
attainable.
Problem-solving
• It is a mental process or a phenomenon dedicated to solving
problems by discovering and analyzing the problem.
• It is a process dedicated to finding not just any solution, but
the best solution to resolve any problem.
• There is no such thing as one best way to solve every kind of
problem, since there are unique problems depending upon
the situation there are unique solutions too.
Steps of problem solving
1) Identifying the Problem
2) Defining/Understanding the Problem
3) Forming a Strategy
4) Organizing Information
5) Allocating Resources
6) Monitoring Progress
7) Evaluating the Results
• Personal Conflicts: Suppose you’re facing a misunderstanding with a friend. Using
problem-solving, you would start by identifying the specific issue causing tension.
Analyzing the problem may reveal misunderstandings in communication. You could
then brainstorm solutions, like having a calm, open discussion or seeking a third
party’s help if needed. After choosing the most effective solution, implement it by
having a conversation and evaluating the impact to restore harmony.
• Financial Management: Imagine you're experiencing a budget shortfall for the
month. Start by identifying the exact issue (e.g., unexpected expenses). After
analyzing where your finances went off track, brainstorm options, like cutting non-
essential spending, finding a temporary side job, or borrowing. Choose the best
solution, implement a stricter budget, and evaluate its effectiveness in keeping
finances stable.
• Academic Challenges: Facing difficulties in understanding a subject? Identify the
areas causing confusion, then analyze your current study methods. Generating
solutions might involve trying new study techniques, seeking help from a tutor, or
joining a study group. Implementing the chosen method, like joining a group, can
help you track improvement over time