PRE-FACULTY

WRITING

-Writing about a pie chart

-Writing about a bar chart
-Writing about a line graph
-Writing about a table
 Writing about Diagrams
• Diagram writing, a type of report writing, is a formal piece of writing written with the
purpose of providing some data and analysis/survey results based on research.

• Writing about diagrams, charts, and graphs involves effectively conveying information
presented in visual formats.

• This writing is objective in nature and written with a formal tone.

• It is possible to come across survey reports and diagram writing in a number of fields
including business, science, education, and engineering etc.

• Surveys include facts, which can be presented in the form of numbers, percentages or
proportions, and generalisations which help clarify the facts.
Graph Types
 Key Features
Introduction:
Start with an introductory sentence that briefly describes the main subject
of the diagram, chart, or graph.
Interpretation:
Analyze and interpret the data presented. Explain the significance of the
information and its relevance to the overall topic.
Trends and Patterns:
Identify and discuss any trends, patterns, or outliers present in the visual
representation. Highlight key points for the reader.
Comparisons:
If applicable, compare different elements within the visual aid. Discuss
similarities, differences, and relationships between data points.
Organization
 Useful Language
To introduce the context in the graph
• The aim of this report is to …. (give information about)
• This survey was carried out to ….
• The graph/bar chart/ line graph/ pie chart/ table shows/focuses on...
• The pie chart is about....
• The bar chart deals with ...
• The pie chart gives information about
• The chart is divided into ... parts/pieces/categories.

Useful Verbs: show= indicate= demonstrate=display=reveal=present=portray

 Useful Language
• It appears that / the findings suggest that/ the findings illustrates
mean
• It can be seen that...= As can be seen in the chart, = As is seen
in the chart,= One can see in the chart that...= According to the
chart
• To conclude/summarise, In conclusion, All things considered,
To sum up. All in all
 Expressing numerical data/statistics

• One in five, seven out of ten, thirty per cent of the people
questioned/surveyed, the majority of those questioned/surveyed, a
large proportion of, a minority of, ten per cent, two in ten, three out
of ten, a significant number, the largest proportion, by far, a small
number, etc.
Expressing numerical data/statistics:
Examples
Exercise: Read the sentences and replace the words in bold with one of
the phrases below.

nearly all a large majority significant one out of every five a tiny percentage
almost a third a quarter just over half
1. Thirty-two percent of all those who were interviewed said they thought there was too much negative news.
2. Twenty-five percent of people below the age of 35 said they trusted TV news the most.
3. There was a 40% difference between TV and radio as a main source of news.
4. Only 0.5% of 18-to-25-year-olds read a printed newspaper regularly.
5. Fifty-three percent of all those questioned followed the news for five or more hours a week.
6. Seventy-four percent of older people said there was too much about celebrities in the news.
7. Twenty percent of people said there wasn't enough news about science.
8. Only a small number of people thought 80-100% of the news was untrue.
 Useful Language
Verbs that describe change Adjectives and Adverbs Nouns
Climb/increase/rise/go up describing amount of change Increase
Decline/drop/fall Dramatic/ dramatically Decrease
Fluctuate/ Sharp/sharply Decline
Level off Slight/ slightly Fall
Remain the same/ unchanged Small
Steady
Sudden
Consistent
Gradual
 Key Vocabulary (Cont,.)

B. Speed of change
Slow Fast
Steady, Steadily Significant, Significantly
Slow, Slowly Rapid, Rapidly
Gradual, Gradually Dramatic, Dramatically

• Steady increase • Steadily increasing

• Slow growth • Slowly growing
• Gradual improvement • Gradually improving
• Significant rise • Significantly rising
• Rapid improvement • Rapidly improving
 “The average salary is gradually increasing.”
“The average salary shows gradual increase.”

Example Expressions “The sales revenue is dramatically rising.”

“The sales revenue shows dramatic rise.”

“The population in Seoul is rapidly growing.”

“The population in Seoul shows rapid growth.”

“The customer satisfaction rate is slowly improving.”

“The customer satisfaction rate shows slow
improvement.”

“The average salary is gradually decreasing.”

“The average salary shows gradual decrease.”

“The sales revenue is dramatically falling.”

“The sales revenue shows dramatic fall.”

“The population in Seoul is rapidly reducing.”

“The population in Seoul shows rapid reduction.”
Bar Chart
Bar Chart 2
The bar chart shows average monthly rainfall
between January and June in 2014 in Erzurum,
Turkey.
One can see from the chart that in January the
amount of rainfall was 42 mm and it increased in
February and reach 62mm. However, there was a
sudden fall in the rainfall amount in March and it
became 40. Starting from March, it started to climb
again gradually and Erzurum got the most rainfall in
May with around 75mm. In June, on the other hand, it
decreased sharply to 30.
In conclusion, according to the chart, while May
was the month with the most rainfall with 72mm,
least rainfall was in June with 30 mm.
 The given line graph compares the London museum visitors from June
Line Graph 2013 to September 2013. As is presented in the given data, British
Museum was the most popular museum in terms of visits and there were
some fluctuations in the number of visitors for the given four months.

As is observed from the line graph, British Museum was the most visited
museum in London in 2013 and in June 2013, around 600 thousand
people visited this museum. In the same period, there were around 550
thousand visitors in the Natural History Museum whereas 400 thousand
visitors visited the Science Museum at that time. In the next month, the
visitors of British museum increased to 750 thousand, reaching at the
highest point, while the visitors of other two museums decreased. With
some fluctuations in the next two months' visitors, the visitor numbers of
British Museum reached over 650 thousand in September 2013 whereas
the number of other two museums also started increasing than the
previous month and was around 450 thousand.

In conclusion, the British Museum had the highest visitors for the given
KAYNAK: period and the visitors’ number for all the three museums fluctuated
https://www.ielts-mentor.com/writing-sample/academic- throughout the given four months of the year 2013.
writing-task-1/1049-academic-ielts-writing-task-1-sample-
112-number-of-visitors-to-three-london-museums-between-
june-and-september-2013
Line Graph
 Introduction:
Table Model The bar chart displays the annual sales of three
products (Widget X, Widget Y, and Widget Z) for the
years 2020, 2021, and 2022.
Interpretation:
Over the three-year span, Widget Y consistently led in
sales, peaking at 220 units in 2021. Widget X saw an
| Product | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | initial increase but declined in 2022, while Widget Z
|------------|--------|--------|--------| showed steady growth throughout.
| Widget X | 120 | 180 | 150 | Trends and Patterns:
| Widget Y | 200 | 220 | 190 | Widget Y's steady growth suggests sustained
| Widget Z | 180 | 160 | 200 | popularity, while Widget X experienced a decline in
2022. Widget Z's consistent upward trend indicates
positive market response.
Comparisons:
Comparing 2020 to 2022, Widget X decreased by 30
units, Widget Y decreased by 10 units, and Widget Z
increased by 20 units, highlighting varied performance
trajectories.
Conclusion:
In summary, Widget Y consistently outperformed,
Pie Chart Model 1
Pie Chart Model 2
Exercise: Look at the pie chart and make
sentences to give statistics. Also use the
following phrases

1. The aim of this report is to ____________________________________.

2. This pie chart shows_________________________________________.
3. The chart is divided into ______________________________________.
4. It can be clearly seen that _____________________________________.
5. It is followed by ____________________________________________.
6. While ____________________________________________________.
 Your Turn!

Practice the following charts/graphs to report the

data
(150-200 words)
 Exercise 1

• Write about this bar chart to report the data (150-200 words)
Exercise 2

Source: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-sample-chart-for-writing-task-1/
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
 Further Study (Optional)
• https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-1-lessons-and-tips/