Software
Lesson 1
What is a software?
Starter
Activit
What is difference
y: between software and
hardware?
Recall
Any type of software you
know?
Objective 1:
Understanding
System Software
and Application
Software
Introduction to System Software
and Application Software
System software is a type of computer program designed to
manage and control computer hardware and provide a
platform for running application software. Example: OS,
Device Drivers
Application software is a type of computer program designed to perform
specific tasks or functions for end-users. Example: MS Word, Google Docs
Introduction to System Software
and Application Software
Hardware Management
Resource Allocation
Features
of System User Interface
Software
Security and Protection
System Maintenance
Task-Specific Functionality
User Interface (For Particular Application)
Features of
Application Customization Options (Themes)
Software
Data Management
Integration and Compatibility
Objective 2:
Describe role and
basic functions of
operating systems
Role of an
Operating System
• An operating system
(OS) is a software
that manages all the
hardware and
software resources of
a computer.
Basic functions
of an
operating
• Process system
management
• Memory
management
• File management
• Device
management
Objective 3:
Understand how
hardware,
firmware and an
operating system
are required to run
an application
software
Hardware, Firmware, and
Operating System
The components required to run
application software
• Hardware: Physical components
of a computer system
• Firmware: Software embedded
in hardware devices
• Operating System: Software
that manages hardware resources
and provides services to
application software
Running of an Application
Operating system
manages these
Hardware provides Firmware initializes
resources and
the physical and controls
provides a platform
resources. hardware devices.
for running
application software.
Objective 4:
Describe role and
operations of
interrupts
Role and Operation of
Interrupts
An interrupt is a signal sent by hardware or software
to the processor (CPU) indicating that an event has
occurred that requires immediate attention.
When an interrupt occurs, the CPU temporarily
suspends its current execution of instructions and
transfers control to a specific interrupt handler
routine.
Types of interrupts
• Hardware interrupts
• Software interrupts
How interrupts are used by the
operating system to handle hardware
events and prioritize tasks
• Hardware Event Occurs: An external hardware event, such as
a keyboard input, disk I/O operation completion
• Interrupt Request (IRQ): The hardware device sends an
interrupt request (IRQ) signal to the CPU to indicate that an event
requires immediate attention.
• Interrupt Handling: Upon receiving the IRQ signal, the CPU
temporarily suspends the execution of the current program and
transfers control to a specific interrupt handler routine.
• Interrupt Handler Routine Execution: The operating system
identifies the type of interrupt and dispatches the appropriate
interrupt handler routine.
How interrupts are used by the
operating system to handle hardware
events and prioritize tasks
• Interrupt Service Routine (ISR): The interrupt handler
routine, also known as the interrupt service routine (ISR),
executes the required tasks to handle the hardware event.
• Task Prioritization: During interrupt handling, the operating
system may prioritize tasks based on their urgency or
importance
• Interrupt Acknowledgment: After servicing the interrupt, the
operating system acknowledges
• Interrupt Return: Once the interrupt handler routine completes
its tasks, control returns to the interrupted program or task
where interrupt started.
Questions?
