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Professional Constraints in MySQL Presentation

The document discusses the importance of constraints in MySQL for ensuring data integrity, consistency, and accuracy in relational databases. It outlines various types of constraints such as PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, NOT NULL, DEFAULT, and CHECK, along with examples and best practices for their implementation. Additionally, it provides guidance on modifying and viewing constraints within a database.

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Satya Pandey
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7 views14 pages

Professional Constraints in MySQL Presentation

The document discusses the importance of constraints in MySQL for ensuring data integrity, consistency, and accuracy in relational databases. It outlines various types of constraints such as PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, NOT NULL, DEFAULT, and CHECK, along with examples and best practices for their implementation. Additionally, it provides guidance on modifying and viewing constraints within a database.

Uploaded by

Satya Pandey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding Constraints in

MySQL
Ensuring Data Integrity and Consistency in Relational
Databases
Presented by: Your Name
Date
What Are Constraints?
• Constraints are rules enforced on data in a table to ensure accuracy,
consistency, and integrity.

• Why Use Constraints?


• - Prevent invalid data
• - Enforce relationships
• - Ensure business rules
Types of Constraints in MySQL
• PRIMARY KEY - Uniquely identifies each row
• FOREIGN KEY - Enforces referential integrity
• UNIQUE - Ensures column values are unique
• NOT NULL - Disallows NULL values
• DEFAULT - Sets default value if none provided
• CHECK (8.0.16+) - Validates data with conditions
PRIMARY KEY Constraint
• • Uniquely identifies each record
• • Cannot contain NULLs
• • Only one primary key per table

• Example:
• CREATE TABLE Students (
• ID INT PRIMARY KEY,
• Name VARCHAR(50)
• );
FOREIGN KEY Constraint
• • Links two tables together
• • Enforces integrity between parent-child records

• Example:
• FOREIGN KEY (DeptID)
• REFERENCES Departments(DeptID)
• ON DELETE CASCADE
NOT NULL Constraint
• • Prevents NULL (empty) values
• • Ensures required data is entered

• Example:
• Name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
UNIQUE Constraint
• • Ensures all values in a column are different
• • Allows NULL (unless combined with NOT NULL)

• Example:
• Email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE
DEFAULT Constraint
• • Provides default value if none is given

• Example:
• Status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'Pending'
CHECK Constraint
• • Ensures values meet a condition
• • Supported from MySQL 8.0.16+

• Example:
• CHECK (Age >= 18)
Modifying Constraints
• Add Constraint:
• ALTER TABLE Students ADD CONSTRAINT chk_age CHECK (Age >= 18);

• Drop Constraint:
• ALTER TABLE Students DROP CHECK chk_age;
• ALTER TABLE Employees DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_dept;
Viewing Constraints
• Query to List Constraints:
• SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
• WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'YourTable';

• Use this to inspect existing constraints on a table.


Best Practices
• • Always name your constraints
• • Use constraints to enforce rules at the database level
• • Combine NOT NULL, UNIQUE, and DEFAULT effectively
• • Use FOREIGN KEY with ON DELETE/UPDATE actions thoughtfully
Summary
• • Constraints are essential for data integrity
• • MySQL supports several types for different use cases
• • Learn to define, modify, and drop constraints efficiently
Questions & Answers
• Open the floor for questions and discussion.

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