Python If ...
Else
By Dr.Bijoy Kumar mandal
• Python Conditions and If statements
• Python supports the usual logical conditions from mathematics:
Equals: a == b
Not Equals: a != b
Less than: a < b
Less than or equal to: a <= b
Greater than: a > b
Greater than or equal to: a >= b
These conditions can be used in several ways, most commonly in "if statements"
and loops.
An "if statement" is written by using the if keyword.
• Example
If statement:
a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
• Indentation
Python relies on indentation (whitespace at the beginning of a line) to define
scope in the code. Other programming languages often use curly-brackets for this
purpose.
• Example
• If statement, without indentation (will raise an error):
a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a") # you will get an error
• Elif
The elif keyword is pythons way of saying "if the previous conditions were not
true, then try this condition".
• Example
a = 33
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
print("a and b are equal")
• Else
The else keyword catches anything which isn't caught by the
preceding conditions.
• Example
a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
print("a and b are equal")
else:
print("a is greater than b")
• Nested If
You can have if statements inside if statements, this is called nested if statements.
• Example
x = 41
if x > 10:
print("Above ten,")
if x > 20:
print("and also above 20!")
else:
print("but not above 20.")
• The pass Statement
if statements cannot be empty, but if you for some reason have an if statement
with no content, put in the pass statement to avoid getting an error.
• Example
a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
pass
• Ternary Operators, or Conditional Expressions
• And
The and keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine conditional statements:
• Example
Test if a is greater than b, AND if c is greater than a:
a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b and c > a:
print("Both conditions are True")
• Or
The or keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine conditional statements:
• Example
Test if a is greater than b, OR if a is greater than c:
a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b or a > c:
print("At least one of the conditions is True")
Lets get started with some
programs
1. Python Program to Print Hello world!
2. Python Program to Add Two Numbers
3. Python Program to Add Two Numbers BY USER INPUT
4. Python Program to Find the Square Root
5. Python Program to Calculate the Area of a Triangle
6. Python Program to Solve Quadratic Equation
7. Python Program to Swap Two Variables
8. Python Program to Convert Kilometers to Miles
9. Python Program to Convert Celsius To Fahrenheit
10. Python Program to Check if a Number is Positive, Negative or 0
11. Python Program to Check if a Number is Odd or Even
12. Python Program to Check Leap Year
Thank You
