1.3 computer system devices&peripherals

PLAN & PREPARE FOR INSTALLATION
Module 3
COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
NUEVA ECIJA HIGH SCHOOL
INSTALL COMPUTER
SYSTEMS & NETWORKS
Lesson I

OPERATING SYSTEM
• MULTI-USER : Allows two or more users to run
programs at the same time. Some operating systems permit
hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users.
• MULTIPROCESSING : Supports running a program on
more than one CPU.
• MULTITASKING : Allows more than one program to
run concurrently.
• MULTITHREADING : Allows different parts of a single
program to run concurrently.
• REAL TIME : Responds to input instantly. General-
purpose operating systems, such as DOS and UNIX, are
not real-time.

What are the devices of a computer?
System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes
called the chassis. It includes the following parts: Motherboard,
Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses, Ports, Expansion Slots
and Cards.

Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board- The main circuit
board of a computer. It contains all the circuits and components
that run the computer

CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main
“brain” or “heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the
instructions and calculations that are needed and manages the
flow of information through a computer.

Primary storage- (internal storage, main memory or memory) is
the computer's working storage space that holds data, instructions
for processing and processed data (information) waiting to be
sent to secondary storage. Physically, primary storage is a
collection of RAM chips.

Two (2) Types of Memory
a. ROM – (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile, meaning it holds
data even when the power is ON or OFF.
b. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it holds
data only when the power is on. When the power is off, RAM's contents
are lost.

Expansion Bus - A bus is a data pathway between several
hardware components inside or outside a computer. It does not
only connect the parts of the CPU to each other, but also links the
CPU with other important hardware.

Adapters- Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards) that
enable the computer to use a peripheral device for which it does
not have the necessary connections or circuit boards. They are
often used to permit upgrading to a new different hardware.

Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the
PC case, next to the motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard
house power) into DC voltages that are used by other components
in the PC.

Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Also known as hard drive, is a
magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer. The
hard drive is used as permanent storage for data. In a Windows
computer, the hard drive is usually configured as the C: drive and
contains the operating system and applications.

Optical Drive - An optical drive is a storage device that uses
lasers to read data on the optical media. There are three types of
optical drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
and Blu-ray Disc (BD).

Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) - Designed to optically access data
stored on a DVD. A laser moves back and forth near the disk
surface and accesses data at a very fast rate.

What are the input and output
devices of a computer?
Two (2) Types of Input Devices
1. Keyboard Entry – Data is inputted to the computer through
a keyboard.
2. Direct Entry – A form of input that does not require data to
be keyed by someone sitting at a keyboard. Direct-entry
devices create machine-readable data on paper, or magnetic
media, or feed it directly into the computer’s CPU.

Three (3) Categories of Direct Entry Devices
1. Pointing Devices - An input device used to move the pointer
(cursor) on screen.
a) Mouse - The most common 'pointing device' used in PCs. Every
mouse has two buttons and most have one or two scroll wheels.
b) Touch screen- A display screen that is sensitive to the touch of a
finger or stylus. Used in myriad applications, including ATM
machines, retail point-of-sale terminals, car navigation and industrial
controls. The touch screen became wildly popular for smart phones
and tablets
c) Light Pen - A light-sensitive stylus wired to a video terminal used to
draw pictures or select menu options. The user brings the pen to the
desired point on screen and presses the pen button to make contact.
d) Digitizer Tablet - A graphics drawing tablet used for sketching new
images or tracing old ones. Also called a "graphics tablet," the user
contacts the surface of the device with a wired or wireless pen or
puck. Often mistakenly called a mouse, the puck is officially the
"tablet cursor."

2. Scanning Devices- A device that can read text or illustrations
printed on paper and translates the information into a form the
computer can use.

3.Voice- Input Devices - Audio input devices also known as
speech or voice recognition systems that allow a user to send
audio signals to a computer for processing, recording, or
carrying out commands. Audio input devices such as
microphones allow users to speak to the computer in order to
record a voice message or navigate software.

OUTPUT Devices
1. Computer Display Monitor- It displays information in visual form, using
text and graphics. The portion of the monitor that displays the information is
called the screen or video display terminal.
Types of Monitor
a.CRT Monitors - Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) were the only type of displays
for use with desktop PCs. They are relatively big (14" to 16" deep) and
heavy (over 15 lbs).
b.LCD Monitors – Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) technology has been used
in laptops for some time. It has recently been made commercially
available as monitors for desktop PCs.
c.LED Monitors (Light Emitting Diode) - A display and lighting technology
used in almost every electrical and electronic product on the market,
from a tiny on/off light to digital readouts, flashlights, traffic lights and
perimeter lighting.

OUTPUT Devices
2. LCD Projectors- utilize two sheets of polarizing material with
a liquid crystal solution between them. An electric current passed
through the liquid causes the crystals to align so that light cannot
pass through them. Each crystal, therefore, is like a shutter,
either allowing light to pass through or blocking the light.

OUTPUT Devices
3. Smart Board - A type of display screen that has a touch
sensitive transparent panel covering the screen, which is similar
to a touch screen.

OUTPUT Devices
4. Printer - A device that prints text or illustrations on paper.
Types of printer
a)Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer - spays ink at a sheet of paper. Ink-jet
printers produce high-quality text and graphics.
b)Laser Printer - Uses the same technology as copy machines. Laser
printers produce very high quality text and graphics.
c)LCD and LED Printer- Similar to a laser printer, but uses liquid
crystals or light-emitting diodes rather than a laser to produce an
image on the drum.
d)Line Printer - Contains a chain of characters or pins that print an
entire line at one time. Line printers are very fast, but produce low-
quality print.
e)Thermal Printer- An inexpensive printer that works by pushing
heated pins against heat-sensitive paper. Thermal printers are widely
used in calculators and fax machines.

OUTPUT Devices
5. Speakers - Used to play sound. They may be built
into the system unit or connected with cables. Speakers
allow you to listen to music and hear sound effects from
your computer.

What is a Storage Device?
Types of storage devices
Floppy diskette- is a random access, removable data storage
medium that can be used with personal computers. The term
usually refers to the magnetic medium housed in a rigid plastic
cartridge measuring 3.5 inches square and about 2millimeters
thick. Also called a "3.5-inch diskette," it can store up to 1.44
megabytes (MB) of data.
Compact disc (CD) – also called optical disc is a nonmagnetic,
polished metal disk used to store digital information. The disc
is read by the CD- ROM.
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)- an optical disc technology with
a 4.7 gigabyte storage capacity on a single-sided, one-layered
disk, which is enough for a 133-minute movie.

What is a Storage Device?
Types of storage devices
Jump drive and USB flash drive- is a plug-and-play portable
storage device that uses flash memory and is lightweight
enough to attach to a key chain. A USB drive can be used in
place of a floppy disk, Zip drive disk, or CD.
Hard drive- is the main, and usually largest, data storage
device in a computer. The operating system, software titles and
most other files are stored in the hard disk drive.
LS-120- is a drive which supports a special floppy diskette
which can store up to 120MB of information as well as being
backwards compatible and still supporting the standard
1.44MB floppy diskettes.
Zip drive- is a small, portable disk drive used primarily for
backing up and archiving personal computer files.

PLAN & PREPARE FOR INSTALLATION
Module 3 Lesson I
FRYA LORA H. JAVIER
TLE DEPARTMENT
COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
NUEVA ECIJA HIGH SCHOOL

1.3 computer system devices&peripherals

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