Functions in C++ programming language.pptx

{
}
The Presentation Owners :
Alan Mahmood
Sumaya Mohamed
Rebin Faisal
Rozh Ebrahim
Zina Maaruf
...
Functions In C++
Supervised By:
Dr. Chiman Haidar

Contents :
• Introduction About Function In C++
• Function Declaration And Definition
• Parameters In C++ Function
• Return Task In Function
• Default Argument
• Function Overloading
• Some Libraries In C++ Function
• Program Example 1
• Program Example 2

Introduction About {Functions}
A function is a set of statements
that takes input, does some
specific computation, and
produces output. The idea is to put
some commonly or
repeatedly done tasks together to
make a {function} so that instead
of writing the same code again
and again for different inputs, we
can call this function.
In simple terms, a function is a
block of code that runs only when
it is called.

Function
Declaration And
Definition
// Function declaration
int add(int a, int
b);
// Function definition
int add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}

}
{
Parameters
In Function A parameter is a special kind of
variable used in a function to refer
to one of the pieces of data
provided as input to the function.
These pieces of data are the values
of the arguments with which the
function is going to be
called/invoked.

Parameters In {Functions}
A parameter is a special
kind of variable used in
a function to refer to
one of the pieces of data
provided as input to the
function. These pieces
of data are the values of
the arguments with
which the function is
going to be

#include <iostream>
// Function returning an integer
int square(int num) {
return num * num;
}
// Function returning a double
double calculateAverage(double a, double b) {
return (a + b) / 2.0;
}
Return Task {Functions}

Default Argument in {Functions}
#include <iostream>
// Function with default argument
void printNumber(int num = 10) {
std::cout << "Number: " << num << std::endl;
}
int main() {
// Function call without providing an argument
printNumber(); // Uses the default value (10)
return 0;
}

{Function} Overloading
Function overloading is a feature of object-oriented
programming where two or more functions can have the same
name but different parameters. When a function name is
overloaded with different jobs it is called Function Overloading.
In Function Overloading “Function” name should be the same
and the arguments should be different. Function overloading
can be considered as an example of a polymorphism feature in
C++.

#include <iostream>
// Function overloading
int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
double add(double a, double b) {
return a + b;
}
Call The Functions
Into Main Function

int main() {
int result_int = add(3, 4);
double result_double = add(3.5, 4.2);
std::cout << "Sum (int): " << result_int << std::endl;
std::cout << "Sum (double): " << result_double <<
std::endl;
return 0;
}

Some Libraries Of {Functions} In C++
Stdio.h Conio.h String.h
Math.h Ctype.h Time.h

Program Example 1
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
Using namespace std;
// Function to calculate the area of a rectangle
double calculateRectangleArea(double length, double width) {
return length * width;
}
// Function to calculate the area of a circle
double calculateCircleArea(double radius) {
return Pi * pow(radius, 2);
}
}
Out Of the Main
Function
A program That measures The area of
rectangle and a circuit By user :

int main() {
// Input for rectangle
double rectLength, rectWidth;
cout << "Enter length and width of the rectangle: ";
cin >> rectLength >> rectWidth;
// Calculate and display rectangle area
cout << "Area of the rectangle: " << calculateRectangleArea(rectLength, rectWidth) << endl;
// Input for circle
double circleRadius;
cout << "Enter the radius of the circle: ";
cin >> circleRadius;
// Calculate and display circle area
cout << "Area of the circle: " << calculateCircleArea(circleRadius) << endl;
return 0;
}

The Output By user
Enter length and width of the rectangle: 53
Area of the rectangle: 15
Enter the radius of the circle: 2
Area of the circle: 12.5664

Program Example 2
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
Using namespace std;
int main() {
// Declare and initialize a string
string greeting = "Hello ";
// Concatenate another string
greeting += "World!";
// Display the concatenated string
cout << greeting << endl;
// Find the length of the string
cout << "Length of the string: " << greeting.length() << endl;
12
compiler
Hello world!
Compiler
A program to determine
string length and first
character and last character
and string attend
condition(if)

// Access individual characters in the string
cout << "First character: " << greeting[0] << endl;
cout << "Last character: " << greeting.back() << endl;
// Check if the string is empty
if (greeting.empty()) {
cout << "The string is empty." << endl;
} else {
cout << "The string is not empty." << endl;
}
return 0;
}

The Output
• Hello, World!
• Length of the string: 12
• First character: H
• Last character: !
• The string is not empty

Functions in C++ programming language.pptx

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