Downloaded 145 times
![Semantic Web/ Future Developments Caleb Derven, UCD Systems Librarian [email_address] IS 20090 Web 2.0 & Social Media: An Introduction 18 November 2009](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/is20090-week-11-semantic-web-091119043832-phpapp01/85/Future-of-Web-2-0-The-Semantic-Web-1-320.jpg)
![Semantic Web/ Future Developments Caleb Derven, UCD Systems Librarian [email_address] IS 20090 Web 2.0 & Social Media: An Introduction 18 November 2009](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/is20090-week-11-semantic-web-091119043832-phpapp01/75/Future-of-Web-2-0-The-Semantic-Web-1-2048.jpg)
More Related Content
Similar to Future of Web 2.0 & The Semantic Web
Future of Web 2.0 & The Semantic Web
- 1. Semantic Web/ FutureDevelopments Caleb Derven, UCD Systems Librarian [email_address] IS 20090 Web 2.0 & Social Media: An Introduction 18 November 2009
- 2. What Will BeCovered Possible Future Directions of the Web The Semantic Web Role of Metadata and Ontologies Role of Semantic Modelling Data Models – RDF, OWL Issues under debate
- 3. Web 1.0 ReadWeb Static Content Links Email/ Forms Source: http://www.adobe.com/devnet/articles/ora_web20_architectures.html
- 4. Development of Web2.0 Source: http://www.frepa.org/wp/go.php?http://www.scill.de/content/2006/09/21/web-20-buzz-zeitstrahl/
- 5. What is Web2.0 Source: http://oreilly.com/lpt/a/6228
- 6. What is Web2.0, continued User-produced content Peer-production Crowd-sourcing, tagging, open source software Flickr, Social Software – many of the technologies and services covered in this class…
- 7. Drawbacks Mash-ups &Data Re-use - Recreating the Wheel? APIs vs. Data Models Data Re-Usability Portability Data Migration Web pages/ Web services generally designed for human, not machine, consumption
- 8. Web 3.0 CharacteristicsInfrastructure for integrating (sometimes disparate) web data resources Use of languages developed by WC3 Semantic Activity group Linked & Open Data Formalises mashups/ joined up data Metadata, Metadata, Metadata
- 9. What is theSemantic Web? Adding machine processable meaning to World Wide Web documents Semantic web doesn’t replace, but extends, current web to a web of data Formalises what is done everyday by web users, but makes it possible for machines to do the work
- 10. What is theSemantic Web?, cont. “ Most of the Web's content today is designed for humans to read, not for computer programs to manipulate meaningfully. Computers can adeptly parse Web pages for layout and routine processing-here a header, there a link to another page-but in general, computers have no reliable way to process the semantics ” “ The Semantic Web will bring structure to the meaningful content of Web pages, creating an environment where software agents roaming from page to page can readily carry out sophisticated tasks for users.” “ The Semantic Web is not a separate Web but an extension of the current one, in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation. ” Source: Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., & Lassila, O. (2001). THE SEMANTIC WEB. Scientific American , 284 (5), 34.
- 11. Features of aSemantic Web Key Technologies include: Explicit Metadata Ontologies Logic Inference (rules-based systems) Intelligent Agents Development of Semantic Web proceeds in layers or a stack
- 12. Semantic Web StackSource: http://www.w3.org/2005/Talks/1122-orf-sw/
- 13. Semantic Web –Long-Term Adoption Adoption of Technologies requires changes to current web Network Effect: Value of a service to a user arises from number of people using the service. Metcalfe’s Law: As the number of people in a network grows & connectivity increases, the value of the network grows; expressed as n(n-1) = O(n2)
- 14. Semantic Web –Long-Term Adoption. Cont. Source: http://blogs.oracle.com/reynolds/2006/07/real_world_composite_services.html
- 15. Metadata and OntologiesMetadata refers to data about data Captures meaning about data Current Web content formulated for human rather than machine consumption Keyword searching not great for retrieving information No way to distinguish between things and between relationships in web documents
- 16. Metadata Knowledge ContinuumMetadata enriches data Examples: tagging, library records, student records Source: Pollock, J. T. (2009). Semantic Web For Dummies. For Dummies , 432.
- 17. Metadata and Ontologies,cont. Some definitions of ontologies “ An ontology is an explicit and formal specification of a conceptualization” “ Ontologies define the concepts and relationships used to describe and represent an area of knowledge” Sources: Antoniou, G., & Van Harmelen, F. (2004). A semantic web primer . The MIT Press. ; Introduction to the Semantic Web. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.w3 .org/2009/Talks/0829-Nanjing-IH/
- 18. Ontologies Source: McGuinness, D. L. (2005). Ontologies come of age. Spinning the semantic web: bringing the World Wide Web to its full potential , 171.
- 19. Ontologies Controlled vocabulary– catalogues Glossaries Thesauri: synonyms, narrower/ broader term relationships MESH: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html
- 20. Semantic Modelling Hendler– Models assist in 3 essential ways: Models Help People Communicate Models Explain and Make Predictions Models Mediate Among Multiple View Points Source: Allemang, D., & Hendler, J. (2008). Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL . p. 27 Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, USA.
- 21. Semantic Modelling Layersof Expressivity in Semantic Modelling Languages in the Semantic Web range from least expressive to most expressive: RDF, RDFS, RDFS-PLUS, OWL Source: Allemang, D., & Hendler, J. (2008). Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL. p. 27 Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, USA.
- 22. Data Models forthe Semantic Web - RDF RDF: R esource D escription F ramework Simple data model for linking and relating heterogeneous data Describes how object A relates to object B If the web is a web of data then RDF is the data format for the database
- 23. RDF Typical DatabaseRows represent things Columns represent properties Source for slides 24 -31: http://www.slideshare.net/iandavis/30-minute-guide-to-rdf-and-linked-data
- 24. RDF, cont. The“triple” statement– basis/ building block of RDF model Triple consists of Thing or subject statement describes Properties of the thing described in the statement Values of the properties
- 25. RDF, cont. Possibleto model and represent triples statements through a graph
- 26. RDF, cont. MultipleValues Multiple Triples
- 27. RDF – LinkedData - URI URIs provide unique names in RDF Used to provide unique name Identify global address for things May, but aren’t required to be, addressable like URLs Same URI indicates identical thing RDF provides a model for merging data/ graphs based on URI
- 28. Name & IdentifyRelations
- 29. RDF – MergedData Merge Data
- 30. RDF – MergeData - XML
- 31. RDF – MergedData Retrieve data via URIs Query via SPARQL S PARQL P rotocol a nd R DF Q uery L anguage Merge additional data through links
- 32. Linking Open DataLink to Other Open Data Sets: Source: http://linkeddata.org/images-and-posters
- 33. Linked Data –Some Examples DBPedia: Converts Wikipedia to RDF Creates query interfaces, ontologies, services http://wiki.dbpedia.org/Applications
- 34. Linked Data –Some Examples - GeoNames Links place names to unique URIs http://www.geonames.org/
- 35. Data Models -OWL OWL – W eb O ntology L anguage Builds on and extends RDF OWL combines European (OIL – Ontology Inference Layer) and American (DAML – DARPA Agent Markup Language) data models
- 36. OWL Encoding LikeRDF, OWL is encoded in XML
- 37. Key OWL FunctionalityKey OWL functionality is the ability to model restrictions Football player playsFor specific team Assists in complex modelling and automated processing of data
- 38. OWL Example FOAF(Friend of a Friend) Vocabulary describing persons using RDF and OWL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LabCylbapuM&feature=player_embedded#
- 39. Current Issues Scaleof changes required for implementation and adoption Network effect, Metacalfe’s Law Trust/ Authority Layers Verifying information, identities, etc. Rating trustworthiness of data Linked/ Open Data Who owns the data?
- 40. Semantic Web inthe World Linked Data: http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/bizer/pub/lod-datasets_2009-03-05.html
- 41. Semantic Web Examples,cont. BBC Music: http://www.bbc.co.uk/music
- 42. Semantic Web Examples,cont. Pub Med: http://www.gopubmed.org/web/gopubmed/
- 43. Semantic Web Examples,cont. Talis Aspire: http://lists.lib.plymouth.ac.uk/lists/5F641268-358C-9C54-ABEB-EF372716CB6C.html
- 44. Summary Semantic Webis a $20 Billion Industry Significant uptake by industry: Oracle, IBM, SAP, Microsoft Significant Government Investment world-wide
- 45. Summary, Cont. SearchTechnologies (Yahoo SearchMonkey) Travel (TripIT) Social Networking (Twine) – connecting people to people vs. people to interests
- 46. Conclusions Semantic Webextends current web to a web of data This is achieved, in part, by Explicit Metadata, Ontologies, Logic, Inference (rules-based systems), Intelligent Agents RDF and OWL are two building blocks on the Semantic Web
- 47.
- 48. Sources 30 MinuteGuide to RDF and Linked Data. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 17, 2009, from http://www.slideshare .net/iandavis/30-minute-guide-to-rdf-and-linked-data Allemang, D., & Hendler, J. (2008). Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL . Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, USA. Antoniou, G., & Van Harmelen, F. (2004). A semantic web primer . The MIT Press. BBC - Music - Jimi Hendrix. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.bbc.co .uk/music/artists/06fb1c8b-566e-4cb2-985b-b467c90781d4 Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., & Lassila, O. (2001). THE SEMANTIC WEB. Scientific American , 284 (5), 34. doi: Article Case Study: A Linked Open Data Resource List Management Tool for Undergraduate Students. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.w3 .org/2001/sw/sweo/public/UseCases/Talis/ Case Study: Improving Web Search Using Metadata. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.w3 .org/2001/sw/sweo/public/UseCases/yahoo/ Data-gov Wiki. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://data-gov.tw.rpi .edu/wiki/The_Data-gov_Wiki Did You Know 4.0 . (2009). . Retrieved September 17, 2009, from http://www.youtube .com/watch?v=6ILQrUrEWe8&feature=youtube_gdata Freebase - A wealth of free data. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 2, 2009, from http://www.freebase .com/ GoPubMed®. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.gopubmed .org/web/gopubmed/ van Harmelen, F. (2006). Semantic Web Research Anno 2006: Main Streams, Popular Fallacies, Current Status and Future Challenges. In Cooperative Information Agents X (pp. 1-7). Retrieved September 17, 2009, from http://dx.doi.org/10 .1007/11839354_1 Hendler, J. (2008). Web 3.0: Chicken Farms on the Semantic Web. Computer , 41 (1), 106-108. Hendler, J. (2009). Web 3.0 Emerging. Computer , 42 (1), 111-113. wiki.dbpedia.org : About. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 2, 2009, from http://wiki.dbpedia .org/About
- 49. Sources Hendler, J.,& Golbeck, J. (2008). Metcalfe's law, Web 2.0, and the Semantic Web. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web , 6 (1), 14–20. Horrocks, I., Parsia, B., Patel-Schneider, P., & Hendler, J. (2005). Semantic Web Architecture: Stack or Two Towers? In Principles and Practice of Semantic Web Reasoning (pp. 37-41). Retrieved September 17, 2009, from http://dx.doi.org/10 .1007/11552222_4 Intro to the Semantic Web . (2007). . Retrieved September 17, 2009, from http://www.youtube .com/watch?v=OGg8A2zfWKg&feature=youtube_gdata Introduction to the Semantic Web. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.w3 .org/2009/Talks/0829-Nanjing-IH/ Lassila, O., & Hendler, J. (2007). Embracing "Web 3.0". Internet Computing, IEEE , 11 (3), 90-93. Linked Data | Linked Data - Connect Distributed Data across the Web. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 2, 2009, from http://linkeddata .org/ Linked Data | Linked Data - Connect Distributed Data across the Web. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 2, 2009, from http://linkeddata .org/ McGuinness, D. L. (2005). Ontologies come of age. Spinning the semantic web: bringing the World Wide Web to its full potential , 171. OReilly, T. (n.d.). What is Web 2.0: Design patterns and business models for the next generation of software. OWL Web Ontology Language Guide. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.w3 .org/TR/owl-guide/ Pollock, J. T. (2009). Semantic Web For Dummies. For Dummies , 432. RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised). (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.w3 .org/TR/REC-rdf-syntax/ RPI Map - RPI Map. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://map.rpi.edu/index .php/RPI_Map semanticweb.org. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 9, 2009, from http://semanticweb .org/wiki/Main_Page
- 50. Sources Shirky, Clay.(n.d.). Shirky: Ontology is Overrated -- Categories, Links, and Tags. Retrieved September 17, 2009, from http://www.shirky.com/writings/ontology_overrated .html The Ubiquitous Web (1). (n.d.). . Retrieved November 9, 2009, from http://www.w3.org/2005/Talks/0621-dsr-ubiweb/#(1 ) Thomas Gruber. (n.d.). Ontology of Folksonomy: A mash-up of apples and oranges. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems , 3 (2). Retrieved September 17, 2009, from http://tomgruber.org/writing/ontology-of-folksonomy .htm TSO (The Stationery Office). (2007, May 16). Data Re-use. Retrieved November 16, 2009, from http://www.london-gazette.co .uk/reuse Web Squared: Web 2.0 Five Years On - by Tim O'Reilly and John Battelle. (n.d.). . Retrieved November 15, 2009, from http://www.web2summit .com/web2009/public/schedule/detail/10194