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Getting Started with Open Access
This document provides an overview of an introductory presentation on open access given by Meredith Kahn and Emily Puckett Rodgers of the University of Michigan Library. The presentation defines open access, addresses common myths and misconceptions, discusses trends driving open access like federal mandates and tools for supporting authors. It also includes hypothetical scenarios about supporting faculty authors and transitioning a journal to an open access model that are used to demonstrate issues around rights, funding, infrastructure and outreach.
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Getting Started with Open Access
- 1. Getting Started with OpenAccess Meredith Kahn and Emily Puckett Rodgers University of Michigan Library January 15, 2013 Except where otherwise noted, this work is subject to a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyright 2014.
- 2. Hello! Emily Puckett Rodgers @m_kahn Courtesyof Michigan Photography, Austin Thomason Courtesy of Michigan Photography, Austin Thomason Meredith Kahn @epuckett You can find our slides at → http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/102035
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- 4. Tell us aboutyour familiarity with Open Access: A. I have heard the term before, but I’m not really sure what it means. B. I follow general trends, but still consider myself a novice. C. I’d say I have as much knowledge as the average librarian. D. I’m an expert. Some or most of my work involves OA support. #ALAtechOA
- 5. After participating inthis event, you will: DEFINE ● Recognize foundational aspects of these trends in order to understand, evaluate, and apply open scholarly practices at your own institution ENGAGE ● Be able to engage with these trends in your own library PITCH ● Know techniques to develop a customized elevator pitch to your faculty or administration when they have question about these issues #ALAtechOA
- 6. It’s Our Responsibility “Corevalues of the library community such as equal access to information, intellectual freedom, and the objective stewardship and provision of information must be preserved and strengthened in the evolving digital world.” -- http://www.ala.org/advocacy/access #ALAtechOA
- 7. Our Call ToAction “Libraries help ensure that Americans can access the information they need – regardless of age, education, ethnicity, language, inc ome, physical limitations or geographic barriers – as the digital world continues to evolve.” http://www.ala.org/advocacy/access -- #ALAtechOA
- 8. What Is OpenAccess? (Really: How Open Is It?)
- 9. Definitions “Open Access isthe free, immediate, online availability of research articles, coupled with the rights to use these articles fully in the digital environment.” (SPARC) “unrestricted access and unrestricted reuse” (Public Library of Science) #ALAtechOA
- 10. The Short Version RIGHTTO USE An author can share their work with others and allow others (scholars) to reuse it in certain ways. FREE ACCESS An author can put a copy of the publication in their institutional repository or on a website. UNRESTRICTED When someone else accesses the document, it is human and machine readable. #ALAtechOA
- 12. The Long Version:A lot of Rights (Human) Reader Rights • • • • Rights to some (Hybrid) • • Embargo (greater or lesser than 6 mo.) • Subscription Only Immediate access upon publication Reuse Rights • • • • Copyrights All Rights Reserved © Distribution but no changes Reuse, changes, but not-forprofit Reuse, changes, for & notfor profit Publisher holds © Publisher holds © but allows author & readers limited reuse Author holds © with no restrictions on author or reader reuse Author Posting Rights ● Author cannot deposit additional versions ● Author may submit a “preprint” to certain web spaces ● Author may submit “postprint” to any webspace ● Author may post any version to any webspace #ALAtechOA
- 13. The Long Version,Cont’d: A lot of Rights (Digital) Automatic Posting ● No automatic posting in any third-party repositories ● Journals make copies available in trusted third-party repositories within 6 or 12 mo. ● Journals make copies available in trusted-third party repositories immediately upon publication Machine Readability ● Article full text & metadata not available in machine readable format ● Full text or metadata may be crawled with permission ● Full text, metadata, citations may be crawled or accessed freely ● Full text, metadata, citations, data & supplementary data may be crawled or accessed through a standard API or protocol ● Full text, metadata, citations, data & supplementary data provided in machine-readable standard formats through API or protocol #ALAtechOA
- 14. What part ofthe definition of Open Access (right to use, free access, unrestricted) most interests you? Why? #ALAtechOA
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- 16. Open: Education, Software, Data OpenEducation “is built on the belief that everyone should have the freedom to use, customize, improve and redistribute educational resources without constraint.” -- http://www.capetowndeclaration.org/read-the-declaration “Free software focuses on the fundamental freedoms it gives to users, whereas open source software focuses on the perceived strengths of its peer-to-peer development model.” -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software#cite_note-1 “Open data is data that can be freely used, reused and redistributed by anyone – subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute & sharealike.” -- http://www.opendefinition.org #ALAtechOA
- 17. Open… lots ofother things Software (FLOSS) Scholarship & Research (Open Access) Learning & Data Teaching (OER) #ALAtechOA
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- 19. What are somecommon myths you hear from your own communities about Open Access? #ALAtechOA
- 20. Open Access Myths • “Idon’t need to worry about OA. Anyone at a university will be able to get my article.” • “If I want to make my work openly available, I’ll have to pay lots of money.” • • “OA journals don’t use peer review. OA is vanity publishing.” “If I’ve already published in a conventional journal, I can’t make my work OA.” • • “My students can get access to whatever I assign them.” “I don’t need to worry about © if I’m using something for teaching.” #ALAtechOA
- 21. How do yourespond when you hear misconceptions about Open Access? #ALAtechOA
- 22. Open Access Myths:A Rebuttal • Not everyone who wants to read your work is affiliated with a university, and not all universities have access to the journal you published in. • • Not all OA journals have fees. Some researchers have access to grant funds when it is necessary to pay publication. • You can publish in a non-OA journal and still find a way to make your work accessible. • OA and peer review are separate issues. There are many peerreviewed OA journals, just as there are many subscription journals without peer review. #ALAtechOA
- 23. Big Trends &Current Events or Why Open Access Isn’t Going Away
- 24. NIH Public AccessPolicy “The NIH Public Access Policy ensures that the public has access to the published results of NIH funded research. It requires scientists to submit final peerreviewed journal manuscripts that arise from NIH funds to the digital archive PubMed Central immediately upon acceptance for publication. To help advance science and improve human health, the Policy requires that these papers are accessible to the public on PubMed Central no later than 12 months after publication.” -- http://publicaccess.nih.gov/ #ALAtechOA
- 25. OSTP Memo &Funding Agency Mandates “The Administration is committed to ensuring that, to the greatest extent and with the fewest constraints possible and consistent with law and the objectives set out below, the direct results of federally funded scientific research are made available to and useful for the public, industry, and the scientific community.” “Policies that mobilize these publications and data for re-use through preservation and broader public access also maximize the impact and accountability of the Federal research investment. These policies will accelerate scientific breakthroughs and innovation, promote entrepreneurship, and enhance economic growth and job creation.” -- http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ostp_public_access_memo_2013.pdf #ALAtechOA
- 26. NSF Data Management Plans “BeginningJanuary 18, 2011, proposals submitted to NSF must include a supplementary document of no more than two pages labeled "Data Management Plan" (DMP) . This supplementary document should describe how the proposal will conform to NSF policy on the dissemination and sharing of research results. Proposals that do not include a DMP will not be able to be submitted.” -- http://www.nsf.gov/eng/general/dmp.jsp #ALAtechOA
- 27. In which disciplinesdo you think faculty will have new incentives to think about funding sources and publication mandates? #ALAtechOA
- 28. OA + ©+ CC: Connecting the Dots “Creative Commons Spectrum” by Creative Commons Japan used under CC-BY-2.1 ja #ALAtechOA
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- 30. Scenario: Supporting an Author Afaculty member working in public health wrote an article about smoking cessation programs targeted at teenagers. She’s ready to submit it to a journal, but she’d like to make sure practicing professionals without access to a university library can easily find and read it. What can she do to make sure her article will be as widely accessible as possible? #ALAtechOA
- 31. Scenario: Supporting an Author • • • • • Publishin an OA journal. Publish in a traditional, subscription journal that allows self-archiving and/or sharing. Publish in a traditional, subscription journal and negotiate to retain rights to the work. Deposit the work in an institutional or disciplinary repository. Use a stable URL from the repository to share the article on the web, via social media, listservs, etc. #ALAtechOA
- 32. Tools for Supporting Authors Copyright& Funding Requirements ● SHERPA/RoMEO - Publisher/journal copyright & self-archiving policies ● SHERPA/JULIET - Research funders’ open access policies & requirements Finding Journals & Repositories ● DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals ● OPEN DOAR - Directory of Open Access Repositories ● Ulrich’s Periodical Directory ● Disciplinary databases #ALAtechOA
- 33. Tools for Supporting Authors EvaluatingPublication Venues ● DOAJ ○ Is it listed? ● OASPA “Principles of Transparency & Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing” ○ Criteria for assessment ● Disciplinary indexes and databases ○ Does it appear in these? ● Is it the right venue for the work in question? #ALAtechOA
- 34. Scenario: Infrastructure A facultymember in the French department is the editor of a journal that was recently dropped by its midsize academic publisher. She and the rest of the editorial board want to continue producing the journal, and would like guidance on how to move forward without the support of a traditional publisher. What kinds of services did the former publisher of this journal provide that our faculty editor will now need to be concerned about? #ALAtechOA
- 35. Planning & Infrastructure • • • • • • • • Subscriptionsvs. open access Managing submissions, peer review, and editorial workflows Copyediting, typesetting, and production Online hosting and preservation Print-on-demand services Discoverability, SEO, indexing, etc. Long-term sustainability Maintaining an existing audience while attracting new readers #ALAtechOA
- 36. Tools for OAPublishing Institutional Repository built-in preservation solution makes use of existing infrastructure • • bepress out-of-the box solution editorial management • • WordPress.org customizable user friendly large user community Open Journal Systems customizable used by many journals editorial management Drupal E-Journal ● customizable ● good for Drupal shops • • • • • • #ALAtechOA
- 42. Scenario: Education & Outreach You’vebeen invited to a student meeting sponsored by your university’s undergraduate honors program. The faculty director would like you to talk to students about open access. However, many of those in attendance will be 1st- and 2nd-year students who are years away from writing a thesis. How can you find a way to connect with students and make open access seem relevant to their needs and interests? #ALAtechOA
- 43. Scenario: Education & Outreach Howis OA relevant to students? paywalls alumni access to research databases accessing high-quality medical and technical info • • • How are allied issues like © and CC relevant? paywalls creative material for re-use sharing their own material • • • #ALAtechOA
- 44. Finding a conversation starter • • • Whatare your users trying to do? And how can open access enable that? What is unique about the community you work with? Are there any “teachable moments” they might be aware of? #ALAtechOA
- 45. Finding allies &partners General Counsel author’s addendum journal publishing agreements • • Professional/Society Memberships discounts on author publication charges ability to see how various publishing approaches work • • Educational and Instructional Technology Support experience with problem solving and user support experts in their own right • • #ALAtechOA
- 46. Crafting a pitch 1.Identify shared goals. 2. Explain what you do. 3. Explain why you’re unique. 4. Keep it short and focused. 5. Ask an open-ended question. #ALAtechOA
- 47. Next Steps 1. Readup 2. Identify what organizations you’re associated with that support OA o Consortia o Accrediting bodies 3. Brainstorm who else is interested in OA in your community o Take the temperature of your constituents (talk to them) o Identify OA champions, experts, etc.(not just in the library) 4. Work on your pitch #ALAtechOA
- 48. Readings • • • • • • • • Open Access byPeter Suber (MIT Press) SPARC’s Open Access resources The PLoS Case for Open Access The Power of Open by Creative Commons CC’s Next Generation Licenses ARL’s Scholarly Communication toolkit The Scholarly Kitchen History of Open Access: o Budapest, Berlin, Bethesda #ALAtechOA
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- 50. Thank you! Emily PuckettRodgers @m_kahn Courtesy of Michigan Photography, Austin Thomason Courtesy of Michigan Photography, Austin Thomason Meredith Kahn @epuckett You can find our slides at → http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/102035