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Html (hypertext markup language)
- 1. HTML (Hypertext MarkupLanguage) By - Anuj Kumar Singh
- 2. Introduction to HTML 1.HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the most widely used language to write Web Pages. 2. Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked together. Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext. 3. As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML to simply "mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it to display.
- 3. Tag Description <!DOCTYPE...> Thistag defines the document type and HTML version. <html> This tag encloses the complete HTML document and mainly comprises of document header which is represented by <head>...</head> and document body which is represented by <body>...</body> tags. <head> This tag represents the document's header which can keep other HTML tags like <title>, <link> etc. <title> The <title> tag is used inside the <head> tag to mention the document title <body> This tag represents the document's body which keeps other HTML tags like <h1>, <div>, <p> etc. <h1> This tag represents the heading. <p> This tag represents a paragraph. <p> content…...</p>
- 4. Heading Tag <h1>Heading Tag</h1>// biggest heading tag <h2>Heading Tag</h2> <h3>Heading Tag</h3> <h4>Heading Tag</h4> <h5>Heading Tag</h5> <h6>Heading Tag</h6> // smallest heading tag
- 5. Tags are oftwo types 1. Container Tag : The tags which have opening and closing tag are called Container Tag, example <html></html>,<body></body> etc. 2. Empty Tag : The tag which has only opening not closing are called Empty tag, example <br>, <hr> etc. Nonbreaking Spaces is used when you not want a browser to split the data "12, Angry" and "Men" across two lines
- 6. Paragraph attributes 1. Anattribute is used to define the characteristics of an HTML element and is placed inside the element's opening tag. 2. The name is the property you want to set. 3. For example, the paragraph <p> element in the example carries an attribute whose name is align, which you can use to indicate the alignment of paragraph on the page. 4. The value is what you want the value of the property to be set and always put within quotations. The below example shows three possible values of align attribute: left, center and right
- 7. Core Attributes The fourcore attributes that can be used on the majority of HTML elements (although not all) are: 1. Title 2. Class 3. Style 4. Id
- 8. Other Tags 1. BoldText : <b>bold text</b> 2. Italic Text : <i>italic</i> 3. Underline : <u>underline text</u> 4. Strike : <strike> strike text </strike> 5. Monospaced : <tt> monospaced </tt> The content of a <tt>...</tt> element is written in monospaced font. In a monospaced font, however, each letter has the same width.
- 9. 6. Superscript Text: The content of a <sup>...</sup> is in superscript. 7. Subscript Text : <sub>sub text</sub> 8. Deleted Text : <del>Deleted Text</del> 9. Big and small text : <big></big> and <small></small> 10. Grouping Content : <div> and <span> 11. Anchor Tag : <a href=”abc.html”>ABC<a> 12. Image : <img src=“file.png”>
- 10. FORM Tag 1. Theform tag is used to make the HTML forms and it has following attributes. 2. <form action=”abc.html” method=”post”> </form> the action is the address of the page and method is the why to transfer the form content. 3. The <form></form> contains following input types. A. <input type=”text” name=”name” placeholder=”NAME” value=”ANUJ”> B. <input type=”password” name=”password” placeholder=”PASSWORD”> C. <input type=”email” name=”email” placeholder=”EMAIL”>
- 11. D. <input type=”radio”name=”gender” value=”male”> E. <input type=”checkbox” name=”option” value=”A”> F. <textarea name=”address” placeholder=”Complete Address”> G. <select name=”country”><option>India</option></select> These are generally used fields in any forms in HTML
- 12. Table Tag 1. Thetable <table></table> consist of multiple inner tags and there are several attributes for table tag. 2. <table cellspacing=”10” cellpadding=”10” align=”center” border=”0” width=”70%”> 3. <tr></tr> this tag stands for table row and it has one inner tag i.e. <td></td> stands for table data 4. We have several attributes linked with <td></td> tag like colspan and rowspan 5. The colspan merge table columns and the rowspan merge table rows together. 6. Table tag helps in aligning data in HTML page. 7. Table tag can be used with the form tag also.
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