Introduction to Database Systems, File System vs DBMS,

Introduction to Database Systems, File System vs DBMS,

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  Sanjivani Rural EducationSociety’s Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon-423 603 (An Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune) NACC ‘A’ Grade Accredited, ISO 9001:2015 Certified Department of Computer Engineering (NBA Accredited) Prof. Monika Agrawal Assistant Professor E-mail : agrawalmonikacomp@sanjivani.org.in Course:PCCO208 Database Management System UNIT-01 Introduction to DBMS
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  Unit-I Introduction to DBMS
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  INTRODUCTION
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  What is Data? •It is fact that can be recorded and stored in the form of Text, Number , Videos, Audio, Images , speech etc. Eg. Flipkart, Uber
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  What is Database? •It is a collection of related data and represent some real world entity. Eg. University- new faculty data must be added and left faculty data should be removed. - Newspaper is not Database.
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  What is Information? •It is a meaningful data. • Eg. Videos on YouTube is data and particular video that you required now is information. Discuss example of phone numbers of friends
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  What is aDBMS? •A database is a collection of data, • typically describing the activities of one or more related organization. • It is an interface between user and Database. • It is used to manage the database. •Entities: • students, • Faculty, • courses, and classrooms. •Relationships between entities: • students' enrollment in courses, • faculty teaching courses, and • the use of rooms for courses. • A database management system, or DBMS, • is software designed to assist in maintaining and utilizing large collections of data.
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  What is aDBMS? • Database and DBMS is called Database System. • DBMS is used to handle large amount of data.
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  DBMS • DBMS containsinformation about a particular enterprise • Collection of interrelated data • Set of programs to access the data • An environment that is both convenient and efficient to use • Database systems are used to manage collections of data that are: • Highly valuable • Relatively large • Accessed by multiple users and applications, often at the same time. • A modern database system is a complex software system whose task is to manage a large, complex collection of data. • Databases touch all aspects of our lives
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  Applications of DBMS •DBMS are used almost in every software that we use. For example, Emails, WhatsApp, Social Media. Almost all programming languages provide libraries from different popular database management systems like MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, MongoDB, etc. • Banking: Manages accounts, transactions, and financial records. • Airlines: Handles bookings, schedules, and availability. • E-commerce: Supports catalogs, orders, and secure transactions. • Healthcare: Stores patient records and billing. • Education: Manages student data and course enrollments. • Telecom: Tracks call records and billing. • Government: Maintains census and taxation data. • Social Media: Stores user profiles and posts efficiently.
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  Purpose of DBMS DataSecurity: A Database Management System (DBMS) provides a better platform for data privacy and security policies thus, helping companies to improve Data Security. Data integration: Due to the Database Management System we have access to well-managed and synchronized forms of data thus it makes data handling very easy and gives an integrated view of how a particular organization is working. Data abstraction: The major purpose of a database system is to provide users with an abstract view of the data. DBMS can easily handle large volumes of data, and can scale up or down depending on the needs of the organization. It provides flexibility in data storage, retrieval, and manipulation, allowing users to easily modify the structure and content of the database as needed.
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  Purpose of DBMS Reductionin data Redundancy: When working with a structured database, DBMS provides the feature to prevent the input of duplicate items in the database. for e.g. – If there are two same students in different rows, then one of the duplicate data will be deleted. Data sharing: A DBMS provides a platform for sharing data across multiple applications and users, which can increase productivity and collaboration. Data consistency and accuracy: DBMS ensures that data is consistent and accurate by enforcing data integrity constraints and preventing data duplication. This helps to eliminate data discrepancies and errors that can occur when data is stored and managed manually. Concurrency and maintained Atomicity : That means, if some operation is performed on one particular table of the database, then the change must be reflected for the entire database. The DBMS allows concurrent access to multiple users by using the synchronization technique. Scalability and flexibility: DBMS is highly scalable and can easily accommodate changes in data
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  FILE SYSTEM • Thefile system is basically a way of arranging the files in a storage medium like a hard disk. • The file system organizes the files and helps in the retrieval of files when they are required. • File systems consist of different files which are grouped into directories. • The directories further contain other folders and files. • The file system performs basic operations like management, file naming, giving access rules, etc.
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  Disadvantage of File-orientedsystem Data Redundancy: • It is possible that the same information may be duplicated in different files. this leads to data redundancy results in memory wastage. Data Inconsistency: • Because of data redundancy, it is possible that data may not be in consistent state. Difficulty in Accessing Data: • Accessing data is not convenient and efficient in file processing system. Limited Data Sharing: • Data are scattered in various files. Also different files may have different formats and these files may be stored in different folders may be of different departments. • So, due to this data isolation, it is difficult to share data among different applications. .
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  Integrity Problems: • Dataintegrity means that the data contained in the database in both correct and consistent. for this purpose the data stored in database must satisfy correct and constraints. Atomicity Problems: • Any operation on database must be atomic. • this means, it must happen in its entirely or not at all. Concurrent Access Anomalies: • Multiple users are allowed to access data simultaneously. this is for the sake of better performance and faster response. Security Problems: • Database should be accessible to users in limited way. • Each user should be allowed to access data concerning his requirements only
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  DBMS • Database ManagementSystem is basically software that manages the collection of related data. • It is used for storing data and retrieving the data effectively when it is needed. • It also provides proper security measures for protecting the data from unauthorized access. • In Database Management System the data can be fetched by SQL queries and relational algebra. It also provides mechanisms for data recovery and data backup.
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  DBMS vs FileSystem DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 18