Introduction of .net framework

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Introduction to Framework

Topic Covered:
 What is the .NET Framework?
 Identify the components of the .NET Framework
 Advantages of .NET Framework
Objectives

What is the .NET Framework?
What is the .NET
Framework?

Microsoft introduced the .NET Framework to make applications more
interoperable.
 Interoperability of applications means the ability of applications, developed in different
languages, to be able to work together and exchange information with each other.
The objective of .NET framework is to bring various programming languages and
services together.
.NET Framework

The .NET Framework is designed to make significant improvements in:
Code reusability
Code specialization
Resource management
Multi-language development
Application security
Application deployment
Application administration
.NET Framework (Contd.)

The. NET Framework consists of all the technologies that help in creating
and running applications that are:
Robust: Applications those are strong.
Scalable: Applications that can be extended.
Distributed: Applications that runs on computers of different networks.
The .NET offers a complete suite for developing and deploying applications.
This suite consists of:
.NET Products
.NET Services
.NET Framework

The .Net framework is a revolutionary platform that helps you to write the following
types of applications:
– Windows applications
– Web applications
– Web services
 The .Net framework applications are multi-platform applications.
 The framework has been designed in such a way that it can be used with any of the
following languages:
C#, C++, Visual Basic, Jscript, COBOL, etc.
 All these languages can access the framework as well as communicate with each
other.

What are the components of the
.NET Framework?
What are the components
of the .NET Framework?

The .NET Framework consists of the following components:
1. Common Language Runtime (CLR)
2. The .Net Framework Class Library
3. Common Language Specification
4. Common Type System
5. Metadata and Assemblies
6. Windows Forms
7. Asp.Net and Asp.Net AJAX
8. ADO.NET
9. Windows Workflow Foundation (WF)
10.Windows Presentation Foundation
11.Windows Communication Foundation (WCF)
12.LINQ
Components of the .NET
Framework

Common Language Runtime (CLR):
Is the environment where all programs using .NET technologies are executed.
Provides services such as code compilation, memory allocation, and garbage
collection.
Allows the execution of code across different platforms by translating code into
Intermediate Language (IL).
IL is a low level language that the CLR understands.
IL is converted into machine language during execution by the Just-In-Time
compiler.
During JIT compilation, code is also checked for type safety.
Framework (Contd.)

Framework (Contd.)
Common Language Runtime
Just-In-Time Compiler
Low level
language is
converted
into machine
language
by the
Just-In-Time
compiler

CLR consists of a set of common rules followed by all the languages of the
.NET Framework. This set of rules is known as Common Language
Specification (CLS).
CLS enables an object or application to interact with the objects or
applications of other languages.
One of the specifications defined in CLS is Common Type System (CTS),
which provides a type system that is common across all languages.
CTS defines how data types are declared, used, and managed in the code
at run time.
Framework (Contd.)

Framework (Contd.)
Common Language Specification
CLS
enables an
object or
application
to interact
with the
objects or
applications
of other
languages.
Common Type
System

Framework (Contd.)
Common Language Specification CTS defines
how data
types are
declared,
used, and
managed in
the code at
run time.
Common Type
System

Compilation is the process of creating an executable program from a source code.
When you compile a program in .NET, the conversion of source code to machine
language happens in two stages.
In the first stage, the compiler translates code into an IL instead of machine
language or assembly language.
In the second stage the conversion of IL to machine language is done at run time by
the JIT compiler.
Framework (Contd.)

The following figure shows the process of code compilation.
Framework (Contd.)
Program Code
Compiler
IL Metadata+
Assembly

During execution, CLR performs the following tasks:
Loading assemblies and identifying namespaces
JIT compilation
Garbage collection
The code developed in .NET is called managed code.
The CLR manages the compilation and execution of the managed code to
ensure proper functioning of the code.
An assembly contains IL and metadata that was generated during
compilation.
Instead of compiling the complete IL code, the JIT compiler compiles only
the code that is required during execution.
Framework (Contd.)

Framework (Contd.)
The .NET Framework Class Library:
Works with any .NET language, such as VB.NET, VC++ .NET, and VC#.
Provides classes that can be used in the code to accomplish a range of common
programming tasks, such as string management, data collection, database
connectivity, and file access.
Comprises namespaces, which are contained within assemblies.

Framework (Contd.)
Assembly
.NET Framework Class Library
Namespaces help
you to create
logical groups of
related classes
and interfaces,
which can be used
by any language
targeting the .NET
Framework and
are stored in
assemblies.
Namespaces

Framework (Contd.)
Assembly
.NET Framework Class Library
An assembly is a
single deployable
unit that contains
all the information
about the
implementation of
classes,
structures, and
interfaces.

User and Program Interfaces: At the presentation layer, .NET provides three
types of user interfaces, which are:
Windows Forms
Web Forms
Console Applications
The .NET provides a program interface called, Web Services, to
communicate with remote components.
Framework (Contd.)

Framework (Contd.)
Windows
Forms
User and Program Interfaces
These are used in
Windows-based
applications.
Web Forms
Console
Applications

Framework (Contd.)
Windows
Forms
These are used in
Web-based
applications for
providing an
interactive user
interface.
Web Forms
Console
Applications

Framework (Contd.)
Windows
Forms
These are used to
create
character-based
console
applications that
can be executed
from the command
line.
Web Forms
Console
Applications

Some advantages offered by the .NET Framework are:
Consistent programming model
Multi-platform applications
Multi-language integration
Automatic resource management
Ease of deployment
Advantages of .NET Framework

Thank You!!

Introduction of .net framework

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