Introduction to PHP

Introduction to PHP
www.collaborationtech.co.in
Bengaluru INDIA
Presentation By
Ramananda M.S Rao

Content
Content
Introduction
Get Started
Variables & Data Types
Control Structure
Operators and Expressions
Strings and Arrays
Functions
Local & Global Variables in Functions
Files Handling and Globbing
Exception Handling
References
OOPS Concepts
Collections
Regular Expressions
PHP Utility Programs
Working with HTTP and Browser
Working with MYSQL and PHP
Working with PEAR
Application Development Projects
About Us

Introduction
PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor"
PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language
PHP scripts are executed on the server
PHP is free to download and use
What is a PHP File?
PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP code
PHP code are executed on the server, and the result is returned to the
browser as plain HTML
PHP files have extension ".php"

Get Started
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello World</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$a="Hello";
$b="World";
echo $a,$b;
?>
</body>
</html>

Control Structure
 Control structure are usually based on condition and therefore always have condition associated with them
They check the status of these conditions ,which can be either true or false .
<html>
<head><title></title></head>
<body>
<?php
$hour = date( "G" );$year = date( "Y" );
if ( $hour >= 5 && $hour < 12 )
{echo "<h1>Good morning!</h1>";}
elseif( $hour >= 12 && $hour < 18 )
{echo "<h1>Good afternoon!</h1>";}
elseif ( $hour >= 18 && $hour < 22 )
{echo "<h1>Good evening!</h1>";}
Else {echo "<h1>Good night!</h1>";}
$leapYear = false;
if ((( $year % 4 == 0 )&&( $year % 100 != 0))||($year % 400 == 0))
$leapYear = true;
echo "<p>Did you know that $year is" , ( $leapYear ? "" : " not" ) , " a leap
year?</p>";
?>
</body>
</html>

Control Structure
<html>
<head>
<title> Factorial </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> Factorial </h1>
<?php
$num=4;
for($i=1;$i<$num;$i++)
{
$fact=1;
for($j=1;$j<=$num;$j++)
{
$fact*=$i*$j;
echo $fact,"<br>";
}
}
?>
</body>
</html>

Strings
<html>
<head><title>Lower Upper Case</title></head>
<body>
<?php
$myString = "hello, world!";
echo strtolower($myString), "<br>"; // Displays ‘hello, world!’
echo strtoupper($myString), "<br>"; // Displays ‘HELLO, WORLD!’
echo ucfirst($myString), "<br>"; // Displays ‘Hello, world!’
//echo lcfirst($myString), "<br>"; // Displays ‘hello, World!’
echo ucwords($myString), "<br>"; // Displays ‘Hello, World!’
?>
</body>
</html>

Functions
 PHP functions are similar to other programming languages. A function is a piece of code which takes one more
input in the form of parameter and does some processing and returns a value.
Example:
<html>
<head>
<title> Function </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> Function </h1>
<?php
function hello()
{echo "Hello, world!<br/>";}
hello();
?>
</body>
</html>

File Handling
 File handling is a very important part of any web application. Many times you need to open a file and process the
file according to the specific requirement.
Example:
<html>
<head>
<title>Reading a File</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$handle=fopen("file.txt","r");
while(!feof($handle))
{
$text=fgets($handle);
echo $text,"<br>";
}
?></body></html>
file.txt
Hello, Collaba.
How r u?
PHP is cool, keep it up..

File Handling
<html>
<head>
<title>File Exist or Not</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$filename="file.txt";
if(file_exists($filename))
{
$data=file($filename);
foreach($data as $number=>$line)
{echo "Line $number: ", $line, "<br>";}}
else
{echo "The file $filename does not exist";}
?>
</body>
</html>

File Handling
<html>
<head>
<title>Copying File</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$file='file.txt';
$copy='filecopy.txt';
if(copy($file,$copy))
{echo "$file is successfuly copied";}
else
{echo "$file could not be copied";}
?>
</body>
</html>

OOPS
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title> A Simple Car Simulator </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="common.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h1> A Simple Car Simulator </h1>
<?php
class Car
{public $color;public $manufacturer;public $model;private $_speed = 0;
public function accelerate()
{if ( $this-> _speed >= 100 ) return false;$this-> _speed += 10;return true;}
public function brake()
{if ( $this-> _speed <= 0 ) return false;$this-> _speed -= 10;return true;}

OOPS
public function getSpeed()
{return $this-> _speed;}}
$myCar = new Car();
$myCar-> color = "red";
$myCar-> manufacturer = "Volkswagen";
$myCar-> model = "Beetle";
echo " <p> I’m driving a $myCar->color $myCar->manufacturer $myCar->model. </p> ";
echo " <p> Stepping on the gas... <br /> ";
while ( $myCar-> accelerate() )
{echo "Current speed: " . $myCar-> getSpeed() . " mph <br /> ";}
echo " </p> <p> Top speed! Slowing down... <br /> ";
while ( $myCar-> brake() )
{echo "Current speed: " . $myCar-> getSpeed() . " mph <br /> ";}
echo " </p> <p> Stopped! </p> ";
?>
</body>
</html>

Regular Expressions
 Regular expressions are nothing more than a sequence or pattern of characters itself. They provide
the foundation for pattern-matching functionality.
Example:
<?php
echo preg_match( "/world/", "Hello, world!", $match ), "<br />";
echo $match[0], "<br />";
?>
Example:
<?php
//Code to check the email using Posix compatible regular expression
$pattern = "^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+.[a-zA-Z.]{2,5}$";
$email = "jim@demo.com";
if (eregi($pattern,$email))
echo "Match";
else
echo "Not match";
?>

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Introduction to PHP

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