Java on z overview 20161107

© 2016 IBM Corporation
Overview of Java on z
Marcel Mitran – DE, CTO LinuxONE
Joran Siu – Lead Arch, IBM Runtimes on z
November 2016
@JavaOnZ

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
222
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Trademarks, Copyrights, Disclaimers

Java on IBM z13
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3
Evolving Java as a Workload Optimized System on IBM z
Portable and consumable
 First-class IBM Java SDK for z/OS and Linux on z
 Providing seamless portability across platforms
Pervasive and integrated across the z eco-system
 Java business logic runs with all z middleware (IMS, CICS, WAS etc)
 Inter-operability with legacy batch and OLTP assets
Deep System Z exploitation
 SDK extensions enabled z QoS for full integration with z/OS
 zAAP/zIIP/IFL specialty engines provide low-cost Java capacity
Performance
 A decade of hardware/software innovation and optimization
 Industry leading performance with IBM J9 Virtual Machine
 Enabling tight data locality for high-performance and simplified
systems
Enable integration of Java-based applications with core z/OS backend database environment for high
performance, reliability, availability, security, and lower total cost of ownership

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
4
Java Execution Environments and Interoperability
 IBM Java Execution Offerings
– Transactional/Interactive
• zOS Connect
• WebSphere for z/OS (WAS z/OS)
• WebSphere Process Server for z/OS (WPS)
• JCICS/Liberty
• IMS Java
• DB2 Stored Procedures
• ODM
– Batch oriented
• WebSphere Compute Grid (WAS-CG)
• WAS/JEE runtime extensions
• IMS Java Batch regions (JMP)
• JZOS component of z/OS SDK
• JES/JSE-based environment
• z/OS V1R13 Java/COBOL Batch Runtime*
JES/JSE-based, designed to inter-op with DB2 while
maintaining transaction integrity
 Open Source or non-IBM vendor
Application Server and Frameworks
– Tomcat, JBoss
– iBatis, Hibernate, Spring
– Ant
– Kafka
– Spark
Capitalize on pre-existing assets, artifacts, processes, core competencies,
platform strengths
 COBOL/Native Interoperability
– COBOL Invoke maps to JNI
– RDz and JZOS** have tooling to
map COBOL copy books to Java
classes
– JCICS
– IMS Java, JMP/JBP
– WAS CG, WOLA
– etc
* See http://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?subtype=ca&infotype=an&supplier=897&letternum=ENUS211-252
** Alphaworks only, and hence currently un-supported

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
5
z/OS – System z Java Extensions
All SDKs support the ‘standards’, Java on z/OS extends the SDK
 Access to z/OS services
 Access to all types of data
 Access under control of z/OS security mechanisms
 Integration into existing operational infrastructure
Services available in JEE and JSE environments under the restrictions of the container.
SDK
z/OS
Extensions
SDK
Base
Function
System specific extension allow you to write robust middleware and
applications that integrate with traditional z/OS operating environment
 Allow for maintaining platform independent design development.
 Platform specific implementations when required
 Allows for operational and resource optimization
e.g. JAAS wrapper of SAF (RACF, ACF2, or TopSecret), Traditional OS dataset access, Cryptographic hardware (Cards and CPACF),
z/OS Console (modify and messages), z/OS system logger, JES job submission, DFSORT, SMF, etc.

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Java Road Map
6
Language Updates
Java 5.0
• New Language features:
• Autoboxing
• Enumerated types
• Generics
• Metadata
Java 6.0
• Performance Improvements
• Client WebServices Support
• Support for dynamic languages
• Improve ease of use for SWING
• New IO APIs (NIO2)
• Java persistence API
• JMX 2.x and WS connection for JMX
agents
• Language Changes
Java 7.0
IBM Java Runtimes
IBM Java 5.0 (J9 R23)
• Improved performance
• Generational Garbage Collector
• Shared classes support
• New J9 Virtual Machine
• New Testarossa JIT technology
• First Failure Data Capture
• Full Speed Debug
• Hot Code Replace
• Common runtime technology
• ME, SE, EE
• Improvements in
• Performance
• Serviceability tooling
• Class Sharing
• XML parser improvements
• z10™ Exploitation
• DFP exploitation for BigDecimal
• Large Pages
• New ISA features
5.0
6.0
2005 2009
SE5.0
18platforms
SE6.0
20platforms
EE 5
WAS
6.1
WAS
7.0
2006 2008
WAS
6.0
200704
EE 6.x
2010 2011
IBM Java 6.0.1/Java 7
(J9 R26)
• Improvements in
• Performance
• GC Technology
• OOO Pipeline
• 70+ New Instructions
• JZOS/Security Enhancements
WAS
8.5
2012 2013 2014
7.0
• Language improvements
• Closures for simplified fork/join
Java 8.0
SE601/7.x
>=20platforms
IBM Java 7 (J9 R26 SR3)
• Improvements in
• Performance
• zEC12™ Exploitation
• Transactional Execution
• Flash 1Meg pageable LPs
• 2G large pages
• Hints/traps
• Improvements in
• Performance
• RAS
• Monitoring
• zEDC for zip acceleration
• SMC-R integration
• Runtime instrumentation
• Hints/traps
• Data Access Accelerator
SE601/7.x
>=20platforms
2015
IBM Java 8 (J9 R28)
• Improvements in
• Performance
• RAS
• Monitoring
• SIMD
• SMT
• Crypto acceleration
SE8
>=20platforms

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
IBM SDK for z/OS, Java Tech. Edition, Version 8 (IBM Java 8)
7
 New Java8 Language Features
– Lambdas, virtual extension methods
 IBM z13 exploitation
– Vector exploitation and other new instructions
– Instruction scheduling
 General throughput improvements
– Up-to 9% better application throughput
– Significant improvements to ORB
 Improved crypto performance for IBMJCE
– Block ciphering, secure hashing and public key
• Up-to 4x improvement to Public Key using ECC
• CPACF instructions: AES, 3DES, SHA1, SHA2, etc
 Significantly improved application ramp-up
– Up-to 50% less CPU to ramp-up to steady-state
– Improved ahead-of-time compiled code
 Improved Monitoring
– JMX beans for precise CPU-time monitoring
 Enhancements to JZOS Toolkit for Java batch

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
IBM z13 – Taking Java Performance to the Next Level
8
Continued aggressive investment in Java on Z
Significant new hardware features tailored and
co-designed with Java
Simultaneous Multi-Threading (SMT)
– 2x hardware threads/core for improved throughput
– Available on zIIPs and IFLs
Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD)
– Vector processing unit
– Accelerates loops and string operations
Cryptographic Function (CPACF)
– Improved performance of crypto co-processors
New Instructions
– Packed Decimal Decimal Floating Point
– Load Immediate on Condition
– Load Logical and Zero Rightmost Byte
Up to 2X improvement in
throughput per core for security
enabled applications
Up to 50% improvement
in throughput for generic
applications
New 5.0 GHz 8-Core Processor Chip
480MB L4 cache : Optimized for data serving

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
z zIIPs DayTrader 3
* DayTrader3
t DayTrader2
1.0
1.6
2.2
3.1
3.9
5.2
6.0
6.6
9.6
11.7
12.3
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
Version 6.1
on z9
Version 6.1
on z10
Version 7.0
on z10
Version 7.0
on z196
Version 8.5
on z196
Version 8.5
on EC12
Version 8.5
on EC12
Version
8.5.5.2 on
EC12
Version
8.5.5.9 on
z13 wo/SMT
Version
8.5.5.9 on
z13 w/SMT
Version
8.5.5.9 on
z13 w/SMT
AggregatePerformanceEstimate
History of Classic WAS on z/OS Hardware/Software Performance
+16%t
+40%t
+25%t
+10%*
+43%t
+57%t
+32%t
+45%z
+22%zHardwareImprovement
Software Improvement
Java
7.1
SR3
Java
7.1
SR3
Java
7.1
SR1
Java
7
SR4
Java
601
Java
601
Java
6
Java
6
Java
5Java 5
Java
8
SR2
+5%z
9
WAS on z/OS – DayTrader : Aggregate Improvements on 4 Cores
(Controlled measurement environment, results may vary)
12.3x aggregate hardware and software improvements
WAS 6.1 IBM Java5 on z9 
WAS 8.5.5.9 IBM Java 8 SR2 FP10 on z13 with SMT

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
10
z/OS - Java Store, Inventory and Point-of-Sale App
with IBM Java 8 and z13
z/OS - 1.9x improvement in throughput with IBM Java 8 and IBM z13

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Business Rules Processing – IBM z13 vs Intel Haswell
IBM z13 up-to 1.56x better throughput/core processing
business rules than Intel Haswell
11
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
Haswell - Linux - Java8 z13 - zOS - Java8
BusinessRules Processing with IBM z13
with Java8 -Small Ruleset
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Haswell - Linux - Java8 z13 - zOS - Java8
BusinessRules Processing with IBM z13
with Java8 -Large Ruleset

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Java on z Survey
12
Classified Java projects
as >= successful
now have Java applications
in production
95 client responses
68% Java Project on z
85% within 3 years
145 surveys returned
In 1 week…
What are you waiting for?
How Successful was your project?
Enterprise Architects
System programmers
Application Developers
had the most influence
On Java on z projects

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZFollow on twitter @JavaOnZ
Java on z Systems?

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
14

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Reasons to Love IBM Java and WAS on z Systems
HCSC – 14.5 million health insurance members
WebSphere on z/OS has been selected at HCSC as a
preferred platform to support development and
deployment of mission-critical Java applications for the
following reasons:
Co-location:
WASz minimizes physical tiers
3-4x improvement for one of HCSC’s largest WAS
applications when moving from distributed to z/OS
High Volume Transaction Rates:
Could not meet business needs with distributed
Qualities of Service
Horizontal scaling
Continuous availability and fail-over
www.slideshare.net/elenan3403/reasons-to-love-ibm-java-and-web-sphere-application-server-on-z-system
IBM JVM Performance Dividends
30% improvement with Java601
10% improvement with Java7.1

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
How Java became the NextGen Application of Choice for Fiducia
Fiducia IT AG - Full service provider for 750
Banks with about 10,550 Points of sales
•Java support in IMS MPRs and BMPs
oSupport of Java SE (31 bit) for building “Business logic“
oJVM is resident in the MPR for its hole life
•In MPRs: the main program is COBOL
•Inter Language Communication (ILC) between COBOL
and Java allows:
• COBOL to call Java and Java to call COBOL
(cascading)
•Java and COBOL run within the same transaction
(UOW) with database support for:
oDB2 from COBOL (static SQL) and Java (JDBC Type-2)
oDL1 from COBOL and Java
oMQ access from Java (future)
16
JZOS in use for mission critical
applications since 2013
•Huge amounts of data is manipulated
•Throughput is very important
•Strict timing window for the business

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Questions?
17

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
1919
Important references
 z/OS Java web site
– http://www.ibm.com/systems/z/os/zos/tools/java/
 IBM SDK Java Technology Edition Version 7 Information Center
– http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/java7sdk/v7r0/index.jsp
 IBM SDK Java Technology Edition Version 6 Supplement
– http://public.dhe.ibm.com/common/ssi/ecm/en/zsl03118usen/ZSL03118USEN.PDF
 JZOS Batch Launcher and Toolkit Installation and User’s Guide (SA38-0696-00)
– For JZOS function included in IBM Java SE 7 SDKs for z/OS
– http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/epubs/pdf/ajvc0110.pdf
 JZOS Batch Launcher and Toolkit Installation and User’s Guide (SA23-2245-03)
– For JZOS function included in IBM Java SE 6 and SE 5 SDKs for z/OS
– http://publibfi.boulder.ibm.com/epubs/pdf/ajvc0103.pdf

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
2020
New and existing supported Java products – z/OS
 IBM 31-bit SDK for z/OS, Java Technology Edition, Version 8.0
– Web available on March 6th, 2015 at Java SE 8 level
– Product 5655-DGG, supported on z/OS V1.13 and above
– Web available on March 6th, 2015 at Java SE 8 level
– Product 5655-DGH, supported on z/OS V1.13 and above
 IBM 31-bit SDK for z/OS, Java Technology Edition, Version 7 Release 1
– Web available on December, 2013 at Java SE 7 level
– Product 5655-W43, supported on z/OS V1.12 and above
 IBM 64-bit SDK for z/OS, Java Technology Edition, Version 7 Release 1
– Web available on December, 2013 at Java SE 7 level
– Web available on October 4, 2011 at Java SE 7 level
– Web available on October 4, 2011 at Java SE 7 level
 IBM 31-bit SDK for z/OS, Java Technology Edition, Version 6.0.1
– Web available on March 15, 2011 at Java SE 6 level
– Product 5655-R31, supported on z/OS V1.10 and above
– Web available on March 15, 2011 at Java SE 6 level
– Product 5655-R32, supported on z/OS V1.10 and above
– Web available on December 14, 2007 at Java SE 6 level
– Product 5655-R31
– Web available on December 14, 2007 at Java SE 6 level
– Product 5655-R32
 IBM 31-bit SDK for z/OS, Java 2 Technology Edition, Version 5.0
– Web available on November 30, 2005
– Product 5655-N98
 IBM 64-bit SDK for z/OS, Java 2 Technology Edition, Version 5.0
– Web available on November 30, 2005
– Product 5655-N99
 All products are delivered via the z/OS Java website in non-SMP/E format and via ShopIBM in SMP/E format
 All products are independently orderable and serviceable and follow the z/OS RFA rules for Withdrawal
from Marketing and End of Service

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
21

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
2222
z/OS - IBM Business Rules Processing with IBM Java 8 and z13
z/OS - aggregate 2x improvement from IBM Java 8 and IBM z13

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
2323
Linux on z - IBM Business Rules Processing with IBM Java 8 and z13
z/VM IFL aggregate 2x improvement from IBM Java 8 and IBM z13

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Java in CICS – zEC12, z13 and z13 with SMT2
 CICS Transaction Server for z/OS V5.2 with Java V7.1
 Measurements on both IBM z13 and zEC12 obtained using 3 GPs and 1 zIIP
24
Disclaimer Performance is based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual throughput or performance that any user
will experience will vary depending upon many factors, including considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user’s job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage
configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve results similar to those stated here.

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
z/OS Connect with CICS – Hardware Improvements
35% ITR increase
zEC12  z13
configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve results similar to those stated here. Some measurements were
obtained used beta developmental code.
• CICS TS V5.3 open beta developmental code with Liberty V8.5.5.3
• Java V7.1 with IBMJCECCA support enabled
• Measurements on both IBM z13 and zEC12 obtained using 3 GPs and 1 zIIP
25

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
z/OS Connect with CICS – Java Improvements
configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve results similar to those stated here. Some measurements were
obtained used beta developmental code.
• CICS TS V5.3 with Liberty V8.5.5.7 + z/OS Connect 1.2
• Java V7.1 SR3 + Java 8 SR2 with IBMJCECCA support enabled
• Measurements on IBM z13 obtained using 3 GPs and 1 zIIP
26

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
27 (Controlled measurement environment, results may vary)
IMS Mobile Feature Pack 73%
aggregate improvement in
throughput from z13 and IBM Java8
z/OS Connect with IMS (Mobile Feature Pack)

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
IMS JMP Regions Overhead
JMP regions 25% better throughput on z13 vs zEC12
JMP regions 34% better through on zEC12 vs z196

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
29
IMS JMP Speed-Test
Over 9.3x aggregate throughput improvement from 2009 to 2015 due to the
following enhancements
 Java version to version performance improvements
 IMS improvements
 Hardware improvements
 DASD improvements

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
30
Linux on z - Java Store, Inventory and Point-of-Sale App
with IBM Java 8 and z13
2x improvement in throughput with IBM Java 8 and IBM z13

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
3131
z/OS WAS/Liberty 8.5.5.5 – SSL-Enabled DayTrader 3.0
z/OS - 2.6x improvement in throughput with IBM Java 8 and IBM z13

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
3232
z/VM IFLs WAS/Liberty 8.5.5.5 – SSL-Enabled DayTrader 3.0
z/VM Linux on z - 2.6x improvement in throughput with IBM Java 8 and IBM z13

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Linux on z – DayTrader 3 on Liberty SMT Improvements

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
3434
WebSphere – Linux on z Virtualized Cluster
Between 1.36x and 1.66x improved throughput for a virtualized WAS cluster
running DayTrader on z13 when compared to zEC12
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
zEC12 z13 SMT vs zEC12
Linux on z - SLES 11 SP3, WAS 8.5.5
Java 7.1, DayTrader3
8 CP - 16 guests
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
zEC12 z13 SMT vs zEC12
Linux on z - SLES 11 SP3, WAS 8.5.5
Java 7.1, DayTrader3
32 CP - 64 guests

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Transform your Data - Data Access Accelerator in IBM Java 7R1
35
A Java library for bare-bones
data conversion + arithmetic
Operates directly on byte arrays
Orchestrated with JIT for deep
platform opt.
Avoids expensive Java object
instantiation
Library is platform and JVM-neutral
Current Approach:
byte[] addPacked(array a[], array b[]) {
BigDecimal a_bd = convertPackedToBd(a[]);
BigDecimal b_bd = convertPackedToBd(b[]);
a_bd.add(b_bd);
return (convertBDtoPacked(a_bd));
}
Proposed Solution:
byte[] addPacked(array a[], array b[]) {
DAA.addPacked(a[], b[]);
return (a[]);
}
Marshalling and Un-marshalling
Transform primitive type (short, int, long, float, double)  byte array
Support both big/little endian byte arrays
Packed Decimal (PD) Operations
Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, % on 2 PD operands
Relation: >,<,>=,<=,==,!= on 2 PD operands
Error checking: checks if PD operand is well-formed
Other: shifting, and moving ops on PD operand
Decimal Data Type Conversions
Decimal  Primitive: Convert Packed Decimal(PD), External
Decimal(ED), Unicode Decimal(UD) 
primitive types (int, long)
Decimal  Decimal: Convert between dec. types (PD, ED, UD)
Decimal Java: Convert dec. types (PD, ED, UD) 
BigDecimal, BigInteger
www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSYKE2_8.0.0/com.ibm.java.zos.80.doc/user/daa.html

Java on IBM z13
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JZOS Medicare Record Benchmark : With and without DAA
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/zos/javadoc/jzos/index.html?com/ibm/jzos/sample/fields/MedicareRecord.html
CPU-time processing 5 million medical records
• Aggregate 2.2x improvement from DAA with IBM Java8 and z13
• 83% improvement from DAA on Java8 (vs 55% with Java7.1 SR1) on z13

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
© 2015 IBM Corporation 37
Linux on z Systems : Spark
Up to 1.5x Faster Insights for Real-time
Analytics using Spark’s Core Primitives
Use cases (relative to Financial Transactions demo)
Sentiment analysis on streaming twitter data for real-time decisions
Batch sentiment analysis on news article databases
Streaming and batch analytics on Geospatial data for location based decisions
Co-locate Spark Analytics and Data stores for accelerated query and analytic
operations
Speedup core Spark primitives for accelerated Spark based execution
Key Messages / Results
– up to 1.5x faster insights for real-time analytics using Spark’s core
primitives on z13
– up to 1.5x more data processed for model building, leading to real-
time insights with higher accuracy within a given batch window
Benchmark
– Out-of-box, default Spark parameters, Scale Factor 0.65
– 1 Spark worker
– 8 ‘Spark’ core benchmarks in Spark-perf consist of scheduling-
throughput, scala-agg-by-key, scala-agg-by-key-int, scala-agg-by-
key-naïve, scala-sort-by-key, scala-sort-by-key-int, scala-count,
scala-count-w-fltr
System Stack
– z13 running RHEL 7.1 with 6 cores, 565GB memory, IBM JDK 1.8
SR1-FP10, Spark 1.4
– x86 6 cores, Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2698 v3 @ 2.30GHz,
565GB memory running Ubuntu, IBM JDK 1.8 (SR1), Spark 1.4
*
*Composite Mean Across 8 ‘Spark’ Core Benchmarks

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Linux on z Systems : Spark
Co-locate Spark with Database on Linux on
z13 outperforms running Spark off-platform
up to 3x for aggregation analytical query
Use case
– Operational Analytics for a Brokerage running reports on
top of OLTP Trading data
Key message:
– Co-locating Spark on z13 to run Analytical queries on top
of OLTP database running in z13 outperforms running
Spark off-platform
Results
– Spark on z13 provides up to 3x for aggregation analytical
query
Configuration
– z13 guest running RHEL 6.5 on z/VM 6.3 with 32 vCPUs
(16 IFLs with SMT) and 512GB memory, Spark 1.5.0, IBM
JDK1.7 SR3
– x86: 16 cores of Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2698 v3
@2.30GHz, 512GB memory running SLES 11.3, Spark
1.4.1, JDK 1.8
Test
– Scala map-reduce script (aggregation query) on TPC-E
20K scale Trade table using 1 master and 4 worker JVMs
– Out-of-box, default parameters, no tuning
3.1x
2.3x
1.9x

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Linux on z Systems: ODM
ODM 1.5x higher rule processing rate
on z13
Use Case
– IBM ILOG Optimization Decision Manager
(ODM) Enterprise makes optimization
technology accessible to business, enabling
intelligent planning and scheduling decisions.
Results
– ODM on z13 has up to 1.5x better rule
processing rate than alternative platform
Benchmark
– ILOG ODM benchmark:
Segmentation300RulesFastpathRVEJB
System Stack
– z13 z/VM guest running SLES 11.3 on z/VM 6.3
with 4 vCPUs (2 IFLs with SMT)
– Lenovo x3550 M4 (x86 with 2 cores of Intel(R)
Xeon(R) CPU E5-2640 v3 @ 2.60GHz running
RHEL 7.1

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Linux on z Systems: WAS Liberty DayTrader 3
WAS Liberty 1.5x better throughput
on z13
Use Case
– The DayTrader 3 benchmark provides a suite
of workloads for characterizing performance of
a Java EE 6 Application Server. The
workloads consist of an end-to-end Web
application and a full set of Web primitives.
Key Messages / Results
– z13 1.5x better throughput than alternative
platform running WAS/DayTrader
Benchmark
– Websphere Application Server (WAS) Liberty
profile DayTrader3 using JMeter to simulate
clients.
System Stack
– z13 native LPAR on 4 IFL cores with SLES 12
using HiperSockets to client/db2 server
– Lenovo x3550 M4 (x86 with 4 cores of
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2640 v3 @
2.60GHz running RHEL 7.1 and 10gb
Ethernet to client/db2 server
Intel Haswell LinuxONE

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
zOS Liberty Ramp-up with IBM Java 8
DayTrader 3 Throughput
zOS 64-bit, 4 zEC12 cores, Liberty 8.5.5.5
Java 8
Java 7.1
Java 8 -Xtune:virt (warm)
Java 7.1 -Xtune:virt (warm)Elapsed Time (sec)
Throughput(pg/sec)
 IBM Java 8 Ramp-up on DayTrader3/Liberty 8.5.5.5 over Java 7.1:
 –Xtune:virtualized improves by 88%
 Default improves by 22%

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
IBM z13: SMT – Simultaneous Multi-Threading
 Double the number of hardware threads per core
– Independent threads can more effectively utilize pipeline
 Threads share resources – may impact single thread perf
– Pipeline (e.g. physical registers, FXU, FPU, LSU, etc.)
– Cache
 Throughput improvement is workload dependent
Two zIIP lanes handle
more traffic overall

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Vector Processing - Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD)
Operate on multiple data-elements (vectors) simultaneously
Can offer dramatic speed-up to data-parallel operations
i.e. Matrix ops, string processing, etc.
Vector registers are 128-bits wide and
operate concurrently on:
•Two 64-bit integer or floating point values
•Four 32-bit integer or floating point values
•Sixteen 8-bit characters, etc.
Vector registers are 128-bits wide and
operate concurrently on:
•Two 64-bit integer or floating point values
•Four 32-bit integer or floating point values
•Sixteen 8-bit characters, etc.

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
44
Primitive operations are between 1.6x and 60x faster with SIMD!
IBM Java 8 - String, Character Conversion, Loop Acceleration with SIMD
IBM z13 running Java 8 on zOS
Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) vector engine exploitation
java/lang/String
 compareTo
 compareToIgnoreCase
 contains
 contentEquals
 equals
 indexOf
 lastIndexOf
 regionMatches
 toLowerCase
 toUpperCase
 getBytes
java/util/Arrays
 equals (primitive types)
String encoding converters
 ISO8859-1
 ASCII
 UTF-8 / UTF-16
Auto-SIMD
 Simple loops (i.e. Matrix
Multiplication)

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
IBM Java 8: CPU-Intensive Benchmark
IBM z13 + IBM Java 8 show composite improvements of 61%
over zEC12 + Java7 SR4 running the CPU Intensive benchmark

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
4646
Mobile on z – z/OS Connect on IBM Java 8 and zEC12
5 - 16.4% throughput improvement from IBM Java 8 on IBM zEC12
JMeter
Client Driver
z/OS Connect
Liberty Profile 8.5.5.3
WOLA
CICS 5.1
8 to 40 AORs
8 OTE Tasks/region DB2 10 for z/OS
RTW
COBOL
z/OS 2.1 on zEC12Linux on z

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Minecraft on z
47

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Java 8 Summary of Crypto Acceleration
• Certificate (Public key)
• RSA
• ECDSA
• Forward Security
(Diffie-Hellman):
• DHE
• ECDHE
• ECC Named curves
(NIST, Brainpool,
Koblitz…)
• NIST P192
• NIST P224
• NIST P256
• Many more...
• Cipher:
• AES
• 3DES
• DES
• RC4
• Mode:
• CBC
• CFB
• OFB
• CTR
• GCM
• CCM
• ECB
• SHA1
• SHA2
• SHA224
• SHA256
• SHA384
• SHA512
• MD5
• SHA3

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
49
IBM and Java
 Java is critically important to IBM
– Fundamental infrastructure for IBM’s software portfolio
– WebSphere, Lotus, Tivoli, Rational, Information Management (IM)
 IBM is investing strategically for Java in virtual machines
– As of Java 5.0, single JVM support
• JME, JSE, JEE
– New technology base (J9/TR Compiler) on which to deliver improved performance,
reliability, serviceability
 IBM also invests in, and supports public innovation in Java
– OpenJDK, Eclipse, Apache (XML, Aries, Derby, Geronimo, Harmony, Hadoop …)
– Broad participation in relevant open standards (JCP, OSGi)

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
50
JVM Architectural Overview
Debugger Profilers Java Application Code
JVMTI JSE7
Classes
JSE8
Classe
s
Harmony
Classes
User
Natives
GC / JIT / Class Lib. Natives Java Native Interface (JNI)
Core VM (Interpreter, Verifier, Stack Walker)
Trace & Dump Engines
Port Library (Files, Sockets, Memory)
Thread Library
AIX Linux Windows z/OS
PPC-32
PPC-64
x86-32
x86-64
PPC-32
PPC-64
zArch-31
zArch-64
x86-32
x86-64
zArch-31
zArch-64
Operating
Systems
Java Runtime
Environment
e.g. J9 R28
Java API
e.g. Java7/Java8
User Code
= User Code
= Java Platform API
= VM-aware
= Core VM

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Key Differences between Oracle and IBM Java
IBM and Oracle use the same reference implementation of Java Class
Libraries (e.g. OpenJDK)
Key differences to be aware of:
1. Security: Standards do not impose strong separation of interest
2. ORB: OMG CORBA standard rules
3. XML: Xerces/Xalan used by both vendors as of Java5, although different
levels may be used.
IBM uses the J9/TR runtime, Oracle uses Hotspot
–Different JIT/GC/VM tuning and controls
–Tooling is distinct (e.g. IBM Health Center)
51

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
52
IBM Java Runtime Environment
 IBM’s implementation of Java 5/6/7/8 are built with IBM J9 Virtual Machine and
IBM Testarossa JIT Compiler technology
• Independent clean-room JVM runtime & JIT compiler
 Combines best-of breed from embedded, development and server environments…
from a cell-phone to a mainframe!
• Lightweight flexible/scalable technology
• World class garbage collection – gencon, balanced GC policies
• Startup & Footprint - Shared classes, Ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation
• 64-bit performance - Compressed references & Large Pages
• Deep System z exploitation – z13/zEC12/z196/z10/z9/z990 exploitation
• Cost-effective for z - zIIP Ready!
 Millions of instances of J9/TR compiler

Java on IBM zEC12
Java Road Map
53
Language Updates
Java 5.0
• New Language features:
• Autoboxing
• Enumerated types
• Generics
• Metadata
Java 6.0
• Performance Improvements
• Client WebServices Support
• Support for dynamic languages
• Improve ease of use for SWING
• New IO APIs (NIO2)
• Java persistence API
• JMX 2.x and WS connection for
JMX agents
• Language Changes
Java 7.0
IBM Java Runtimes
• Improved performance
• Generational Garbage Collector
• Shared classes support
• New J9 Virtual Machine
• New Testarossa JIT technology
• First Failure Data Capture
• Full Speed Debug
• Hot Code Replace
• Common runtime technology
• ME, SE, EE
• Improvements in
• Performance
• Serviceability tooling
• Class Sharing
• XML parser improvements
• DFP exploitation for BigDecimal
• Large Pages
• New ISA features
5.0
6.0
2005 2009
SE5.0
18platforms
SE6.0
20platforms
EE 5
WAS
6.1
WAS
7.0
2006 2008
WAS
6.0
200704
EE 6.x
**Timelines and deliveries are subject to change.
2010 2011
IBM Java 6.0.1/Java 7
(J9 R26)
• Improvements in
• Performance
• GC Technology
• OOO Pipeline
• 70+ New Instructions
• JZOS/Security Enhancements
WAS
8.5
2012 2013 2014
7.0
• Language improvements
• Closures for simplified fork/join
Java 8.0**
SE601/7.x
>=20platforms
IBM Java 7 (J9 R26 SR3)
• Improvements in
• Performance
• Flash 1Meg pageable LPs
• 2G large pages
• Hints/traps
IBM Java 7R1 (J9 R27)
• Improvements in
• Performance
• RAS
• Monitoring
• zEDC for zip acceleration
• SMC-R integration
• Runtime instrumentation
• Hints/traps
• Data Access Accelerator
SE601/7.x
>=20platforms

Java on IBM zEC12
54
zEC12 – More Hardware for Java
Continued aggressive investment in Java on Z
Significant set of new hardware features tailored
and co-designed with Java
Hardware Transaction Memory (HTM)
Better concurrency for multi-threaded applications
eg. ~2X improvement to juc.ConcurrentLinkedQueue
Run-time Instrumentation (RI)
Innovation new h/w facility designed for managed runtimes
Enables new expanse of JRE optimizations
2GB page frames
Improved performance targeting 64-bit heaps
Pageable 1M large pages with Flash Express
Better versatility of managing memory
Shared-Memory-Communication
RDMA over Converged Ethernet
zEnterprise Data Compression accelerator
gzip accelerator
New software hints/directives/traps
Branch preload improves branch prediction
Reduce overhead of implicit bounds/null checks
New 5.5 GHz 6-Core Processor Chip
Large caches to optimize data serving
Second generation OOO design
Up-to 60% improvement in throughput amongst Java
workloads measured with zEC12 and IBM Java 7
Engineered Together—IBM Java and zEC12 Boost Workload Performance
http://www.ibmsystemsmag.com/mainframe/trends/whatsnew/java_compiler/

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Linux on System z and IBM Java 7 on zEC12:
64-Bit Java Multi-threaded Benchmark on 16-Way
5555
~12x aggregate hardware and software improvement from IBM Java5SR4 on z9 to IBM Java7 on zEC12
• LP=Large Pages for Java heap CR= Java Compressed References
• IBM Java7SR3 using -Xaggressive + 1Meg large pages
Linux on System z - Multi-Threaded 64 bit Java Workload 16-Way
~12x Improvement in Hardware and Software
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Threads
NormalizedThroughput
zEC12 SDK 7 SR3
Aggressive +
LP Code Cache
zEC12 SDK 7 SR1
z196 SDK 7 SR1
z196 SDK 6 SR9
z10 SDK 6 SR4
z9 SDK 5 SR4
NO (CR or Heap LP)

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Java 8 -- Lambdas
New syntax to allows for concise and expressive code snippets
- can be thought of as ‘anonymous methods’
http://www.dzone.com/links/presentation_languagelibraryvm_coevolution_in_jav.html

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Java 8 – Lambdas for Streaming Operations
Lambdas can be pipelined to enable data stream operations
– Intermediate operations on streams produce new streams
– Terminal operations produce results
57
Enables exploitation of parallelism and supports multi-core programming
int totalWeight = widgets.stream()
.filter(w->w.getColor() == RED)
.matToInt(w->w.getWeight())
.SUM();

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
Java 8 - JMX Beans for Precise CPU Monitoring
New JMX Beans for reporting CPU usage categorized by:
1. JVM System threads (JIT, GC, etc)
2. Application threads
3. Monitoring threads (to be able to excl. monitoring overhead)
Intended use-cases
– Reporting transaction cpu usage
– Identifying "expensive" transactions
– Reporting JVM overhead over specific intervals
– Foundation for future work on tracking idle behaviour
New classes
1. com.ibm.lang.management.JVMCpuMonitorMXBean (Bean to request Data)
• getThreadsCpuUsage()
• setThreadCategory()/getThreadCategory()
– com.ibm.lang.management.JVMCpuMonitorInfo (Object with Data)
Overhead may be visible on some platforms
Option to trade-off more precise GC-time reporting vs. reduced overhead
-XX:+ReduceCPUMonitorOverhead(default.)/-XX:-ReduceCPUMonitorOverhead
(z/OS cannot enable more precise GC-time reporting today)
59

Java on IBM z13
@JavaOnZ
JZOS – SMF Logging
SMF Logging to Record type 121 subtype 1
JZOS_JVM_SMF_LOGGING environment variable to enable
Captures JVM runtime information
– Uptime, number of live threads and GC statistics
Record is logged during JVM shutdown
FUTURE function being considered**
SMF records to include breakdown of Application, JVM system, GC and JIT CPU-time
Information available on a per-thread basis
Captured periodically at user-defined intervals
60 **Timelines and deliveries are subject to change.

Java on z overview 20161107

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